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Artificial Intelligence cracks a 50-Year-Old Grand challenge in Biology

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Engineering 2021年第6期7卷 706-708页

作者： sean O’Neill 机构不详

In late November 2020,DeepMind Technologies,the Londonbased,artificial intelligence(AI)-focused subsidiary of Google’s parent company,Alphabet,announced that its AlphaFold system had achieved"unparalleled levels of accuracy"in predicting the complex shape of proteins based solely on their genetic sequences[1].The feat meets a 50-year-old grand challenge in biology,the extraordinarily difficult problem of predicting how proteins *** advance is expected to have a significant impact on drug discovery and the burgeoning field of protein design,possibly even helping to tackle the coronavirus disease 2019(cOVID-19)pandemic[2].

关键词： Grand Alpha artificial

Perovskite Pushes Solar cells to Record Efficiency

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Engineering 2021年第8期7卷 1037-1040页

作者： sean O’Neill Senior Technology Writer

The future has grown brighter for solar power,with the setting of a new world record for the efficiency of a silicon/perovskite solar cell in December *** using a layer of silicon in tandem with a thin-film layer of synthetic perovskite,the cell had an area of 1.12 cm^(2) and was certified in independent testing by the US National Renewable Energy Laboratory(NREL)in Golden,cO,USA,to be 29.52% efficient[1].Plainly put,the tandem cell was able to convert nearly 30%of the simulated sunlight shining on it into electricity.

关键词： perovskite Solar Push

Is it time to abandon the biological species concept? No

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National Science Review 2020年第8期7卷 1400-1401页

作者： Roger K.Butlin sean Stankowski Department of Animal and Plant Sciences University of Sheffield Department of Marine Sciences University of Gothenburg

The Oxford English Dictionary defines a concept as, ‘an idea of a class of objects, a general notion’. It follows from this definition that a concept cannot be rejected in the way that a hypothesis might be rejected if its predictions are inconsistent with observations. Instead, a concept must be judged by its heuristic value:does it help in making sense of the natural world?

关键词： GENOMIcS

Transformational Technology Takes center Stage:Global Grand challenges Summit 2019,Day One

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Engineering 2020年第3期6卷 207-209页

作者： sean O’Neill 不详

With artificial intelligence(AI)systems now able to match the diagnostic abilities of seasoned doctors for certain ailments,and even suggest treatment options that no one had thought of,it is clear that AI and data science have the potential to transform aspects of healthcare for the better[1,2].Move beyond medicine,however,and things quickly get murkier:All over the world,the growing adoption of AI and other transformative technologies is raising countless societal,industrial,ethical,and environmental challenges.

关键词： Grand Transformation One

European Union Puts Teeth in Right to Repair

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Engineering 2021年第9期7卷 1197-1198页

作者： sean O’Neill Senior Technology Writer

On 1 March 2021,new regulations reinforcing consumers’right to repair entered into legal force across the European Union(EU)[1].The regulations stem from the EU’s Ecodesign Directive of 2009,which among other objectives aims to compel manufacturers of energy-using products to design them with ecological and environmental considerations in mind,such as reducing the pollution created in the production process and increasing recyclability[2].This latest legislation moves the EU closer to a circular economy in which products,rather than being thrown away and replaced,are kept in working order for longer through easier access to spare parts and repair facilities.

关键词： legal closer regulations

Sustainable Solutions: Global Grand challenges Summit 2019, Day Two

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Engineering 2020年第4期6卷 376-378页

作者： sean O’Neill 不详

The future human experience in 2050 might be broadly summed up in three words:crowded,urban,*** the century’s midpoint,the global population will be pushing an unprecedented ten billion,mostly living in cities,and climate change-if left unchecked-will be unescapably present[1,2].How will we sustain ten billion people in such a world,and what role will engineers play?These were the questions explored on day two of the Global Grand challenges Summit(GGcS)2019,hosted by the Royal Academy of Engineering(RAE),which ran from 16 to 18 September in London[3,4].

关键词： Sustainable Grand checked

Power regulation of kinematic control inputs for forward flying Drosophila

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2014年第6期30卷 809-818页

作者： Kenneth MacFarlane Imraan Faruque J.sean Humbert 3181 Glenn L Martin Hall University of MarylandCollege Park MD 20742 USA

The choices of insect wing kinematic programs is not well understood,particularly the mechanism by which an insect selects a distortion to achieve flight control.A methodology to evaluate prospective kinematic control inputs is presented based on the reachable states when control actuation was constrained to a unit of *** method implements a computationally-derived reduced order model of the insect’s flight dynamics combined with calculation of power *** kinematic inputs are evaluated based on this criterion for a Drosophila size insect in forward *** bias is shown to be the dominant control input using this power normalized evaluation measure.

关键词： Flight control control Drosophila Power

Global Grand challenges Summit 2019:Engineers come Together to Tackle an Unpredictable World

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Engineering 2020年第2期6卷 102-104页

作者： sean O’Neill 不详

The 2019 Global Grand challenges Summit(GGcS 2019)brought together inspirational innovators and leaders with the next generation of young engineers,to establish international collaborations to help solve the pressing challenges facing *** conference ran from 16 to 18 September and was based at the Southbank centre on the River Thames in London.

关键词： Grand Together humanity

Handheld Ultrasound Advances Diagnosis

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Engineering 2021年第11期7卷 1505-1507页

作者： sean O’Neill 机构不详

In March 2021,chicago,IL,USA-based medical imaging giant GE Healthcare launched the Vscan Air[1],a self-contained,handheld ultrasound probe,its latest and first wireless version of the increasingly sophisticated"pocket"ultrasound systems now marketed by multiple *** with advances in other medical technology[2,3],the devices are smaller,smarter,and leverage smartphone capabilities.

关键词： smart wireless chicago