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Tracking of horizontal alignment of the long and large diameter uncharged hole in NATM tunnel

Underground Space 2024年第3期16卷 18-28页

作者： Min-Seong Kim sean Seungwon Lee Department of Energy and Resources Engineering Chonnam National UniversityGwangju 61186Republic of Korea Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering Hanyang UniversitySeoul 04763Republic of Korea

The long and large diameter uncharged hole boring(LLB)method is a cut blasting method that minimizes blast-induced vibrations by creating long and large diameter uncharged holes at the excavation face of tunnels prior to tunnel *** in this method typically uses a 50 m long with a 382 mm diameter hammer bit in the horizontal direction at the tunnel ***,the significant weight and uni-directional rotation of the rod head,as well as variables such as geological characteristics,machine conditions,and inexperienced operators result in significant deviation from the target borehole alignment that hinders the vibration-dampening effect of the uncharged ***,since there is no method to verify the alignment of the boreholes until main tunnel construction,borehole misalignment is often not discovered until weeks after construction,which requires tunnel construction to cease until the equipment can be remobilized and an additional borehole be created,causing significant delays and increased costs for the entire tunnel *** this study,the borehole alignment tracking and ground exploration system(BGS)is developed to predict and monitor the quality and alignment of boreholes for cut blasting methods such as the LLB methods immediately after *** BGS was subsequently tested at a subway construction site to evaluate its performance in the *** measurements yielded by the BGS were compared with manually measured boring positions at every 5 m along the *** the BGS showed a maximum deviation of approximately 12%at a local point where the hole surface was relatively rough,the accuracy for the final boring position was approximately 97%,demonstrating excellent precision of the alignment tracking *** BGS demonstrates excellent performance in predicting ground conditions and the boring quality of a cut hole immediately after drilling,and shows promise in various other applications for monitoring borehole alignment.

关键词： Tunnel blasting LLB method Drilling deviation Vertical sagging Horizontal alignment tracking BGS

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DNA sequencing using nanopores and kinetic proofreading

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Quantitative Biology 2020年第3期8卷 187-194页

作者： Xinsheng sean Ling Department of Physics Brown UniversityProvidenceRI 02912USA

We discuss the feasibility of using a nanopore sandwich device to implement the principle of kinetic proofreading to discriminate incorrect hybridizing oligonucleotides on a target DNA or *** propose a method of sequencing DNA or RNA using this *** design parameters for such a DNA sequencer are estimated from the Hopfield・Ninio theory of kinetic proofreading and Schrodinger's first-passage-time distribution function.

关键词： DNA sequencing nanopore sequencing biosensing using kinetics

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Post-processing of biochars to enhance plant growth responses:a review and meta-analysis

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Biochar 2021年第4期3卷 437-455页

作者： sean C.Thomas Institute of Forestry and Conservation University of Toronto33 Willcocks St.TorontoON M5S 3B3Canada

A number of processes for post-production treatment of“raw”biochars,including leaching,aeration,grinding or sieving to reduce particle size,and chemical or steam activation,have been suggested as means to enhance biochar effectiveness in agriculture,forestry,and environmental ***,I review studies on post-production processing methods and their effects on biochar physio-chemical properties and present a meta-analysis of plant growth and yield responses to post-processed vs.“raw”*** from 23 studies provide a total of 112 comparisons of responses to processed *** biochars,and 103 comparisons allowing assessment of effects relative to biochar particle size;additional 8 published studies involving 32 comparisons provide data on effects of biochar ***,post-processed biochars resulted in significantly increased average plant growth responses 14%above those observed with unprocessed *** overall effect was driven by plant growth responses to reduced biochar particle size,and heating/aeration *** assessment of biochar effects by particle size indicates a peak at a particle size of 0.5-1.0 *** leachate treatments showed very high heterogeneity among studies and no average growth benefit.I conclude that physiochemical post-processing of biochar offers substantial additional agronomic benefits compared to the use of unprocessed *** research on post-production treatments effects will be important for biochar utilization to maximize benefits to carbon sequestration and system productivity in agriculture,forestry,and environmental restoration.

关键词： Activation Granulation Leachates Particle size Pelletization Post-processing

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Electricity demand forecasting for decentralised energy management

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Energy and Built Environment 2020年第2期1卷 178-186页

作者： sean Williams Michael Short School of Computing Engineering&Digital TechnologiesTeesside UniversityTS13BXUK

The world is experiencing a fourth industrial *** development of technologies is advancing smart infrastructure *** observe decarbonisation,digitalisation and decentralisation as the main drivers for *** electrical power systems a downturn of centralised conventional fossil fuel fired power plants and increased proportion of distributed power generation adds to the already troublesome outlook for op-erators of low-inertia energy *** the absence of reliable real-time demand forecasting measures,effective decentralised demand-side energy planning is often *** this work we formulate a simple yet highly effective lumped model for forecasting the rate at which electricity is *** methodology presented focuses on the potential adoption by a regional electricity network operator with inadequate real-time energy data who requires knowledge of the wider aggregated future rate of energy ***,contributing to a reduction in the demand of state-owned generation power *** forecasting session is constructed initially through analysis of a chronological sequence of discrete *** demand data shows behaviour that allows the use of dimensionality reduction *** with piecewise interpolation an electricity demand forecasting methodology is *** of short-term forecasting problems provide credible predictions for energy *** for medium-term forecasts that extend beyond 6-months are also very *** forecasting method provides a way to advance a novel decentralised informatics,optimisa-tion and control framework for small island power systems or distributed grid-edge systems as part of an evolving demand response service.

关键词： Demand response Decentralised Grid edge Time series forecasting

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Trends in carbon capture technologies:a bibliometric analysis

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Carbon Neutrality 2022年第1期1卷 35-70页

作者： sean Ritchie Elena Tsalaporta School of Engineering University College Cork(UCC)College RoadCorkIreland

Climate change is an ever-present issue,which has a vast variety of potential solutions,one of which being carbon *** paper aims to use bibliometric analysis techniques to find trends in carbon capture within the technologies of adsorption,absorption,membranes,and hybrid *** Web of Science core collection database performed bibliometric searches,with the‘Bibliometrix’plug-in for R software,performing the bibliometric *** data spanned across 1997–2020 and the investigation found that adsorption technologies dominated this period in terms of citations and articles,with hybrid technologies being the least produced but rising in scientific productivity and *** Analysis found China and the United States of America to be the dominant producers of articles,with global collaboration being central to carbon ***‘International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control’ranked as the top producer of articles however,the‘ACS Applied Materials&Interfaces’was the leading journal in terms of H-index.

关键词： Carbon capture Bibliometric analysis Absorption Adsorption Membranes Hybrid carbon capture

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Nonmetabolic functions of metabolic enzymes in cancer development

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Cancer Communications 2018年第1期38卷 677-683页

作者： sean Lu Yugang Wang Brain Tumor Center and Department of Neuro-Oncology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTX 77030USA

Metabolism is a fundamental biological process composed of a series of reactions catalyzed by metabolic *** evidence demonstrates that the aberrant signaling in cancer cells induces nonmetabolic functions of meta-bolic enzymes in many instrumental cellular activities,which involve metabolic enzyme-mediated protein post-trans-lational modifications,such as phosphorylation,acetylation,and *** the most well-researched literatures,metabolic enzymes phosphorylate proteins rather than their metabolites as *** metabolic enzymes have altered subcellular localization,which allows their metabolic products to directly participate in nonmetabolic *** review discusses how these findings have deepened our understanding on enzymes originally classi-fied as metabolic enzymes,by highlighting the nonmetabolic functions of several metabolic enzymes responsible for the development of cancer,and evaluates the potential for targeting these functions in cancer treatment.

关键词： Metabolic enzymes Function Protein kinase Metabolite products Phosphorylation Acetylation Succinylation Mitochondria

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Revisiting the ODE Method for Recursive Algorithms:Fast Convergence Using Quasi Stochastic Approximation

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2021年第5期34卷 1681-1702页

作者： CHEN Shuhang DEVRAJ Adithya BERSTEIN Andrey MEYN sean Department of Mathematics University of FloridaGainesville FL32605USA Stanford University Stanford CA94305USA NREL Golden CO80401USA University of Florida Gainesville FL32605USA

Several decades ago,*** Meyn and Lei Guo were postdoctoral fellows at ANU,where they shared interest in recursive *** seems fitting to celebrate Lei Guo’s 60 th birthday with a review of the ODE Method and its recent evolution,with focus on the following themes:The method has been regarded as a technique for algorithm *** is argued that this viewpoint is backwards:The original stochastic approximation method was surely motivated by an ODE,and tools for analysis came much later(based on establishing robustness of Euler approximations).The paper presents a brief survey of recent research in machine learning that shows the power of algorithm design in continuous time,following by careful approximation to obtain a practical recursive *** these methods are usually presented in a stochastic setting,this is not a *** fact,recent theory shows that rates of convergence can be dramatically accelerated by applying techniques inspired by quasi *** to conditions,the optimal rate of convergence can be obtained by applying the averaging technique of Polyak and *** conditions are not universal,but theory suggests alternatives to achieve *** theory is illustrated with applications to gradient-free optimization,and policy gradient algorithms for reinforcement learning.

关键词： Learning and adaptive systems in artificial intelligence reinforcement learning stochastic approximation

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Solar Geoengineering to Reduce Global Warming—The Outlook Remains Cloudy

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Engineering 2022年第2期8卷 6-9页

作者： sean O’Neill Senior Technology Writer

In March 2021,Australia’s Great Barrier Reef played host to a rare field test of marine cloud brightening(MCB)*** a seawater mist into the air from the aft of a research ves-sel using a turbine outfitted with novel spray nozzles,researchers watched the resulting white plume rise into the sky(Fig.1)[1].Over the last five years,the Reef has suffered multiple mass bleaching events because of ocean warming caused by climate change[2].The MCB project,led by senior lecturer Daniel Harrison of Southern Cross University,Coffs Harbour,Australia,is part of the Reef Restoration and Adaptation Program[3],a government-backed research and development initiative that aims to“develop,test and risk-assess novel interventions to help keep the Reef resilient.”

关键词： Solar warming ocean

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Hormones and phenotypic plasticity： Implications for the evolution of integrated adaptive phenotypes

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Current Zoology 2013年第4期59卷 506-525页

作者： sean C. LEMA Jun KITANO Biological Sciences Department Center for Coastal Marine Sciences California Polytechnic State University San Luis Obispo CA 93407-0401 Ecological Genetics Laboratory National Institute of Genetics Mishima Shizuoka Japan

It is generally accepted that taxa exhibit genetic variation in phenotypic plasticity, but many questions remain unan- swered about how divergent plastic responses evolve under dissimilar ecological conditions. Hormones are signaling molecules that act as proximate mediators of phenotype expression by regulating a variety of cellular, physiological, and behavioral re- sponses. Hormones not only change cellular and physiological states but also influence gene expression directly or indirectly, thereby linking environmental conditions to phenotypic development. Studying how hormonal pathways respond to environ- mental variation and how those responses differ between individuals, populations, and species can expand our understanding of the evolution of phenotypic plasticity. Here, we explore the ways that the study of hormone signaling is providing new insights into the underlying proximate bases for individual, population or species variation in plasticity. Using several studies as exem- plars, we examine how a ＇norm of reaction＇ approach can be used in investigations of hormone-mediated plasticity to inform the following： 1） how environmental cues affect the component hormones, receptors and enzymes that comprise any endocrine sig- naling pathway, 2） how genetic and epigenetic variation in endocrine-associated genes can generate variation in plasticity among these diverse components, and 3） how phenotypes mediated by the same hormone can be coupled and decoupled via independent plastic responses of signaling components across target tissues. Future studies that apply approaches such as reaction norms and network modeling to questions concerning how hormones link environmental stimuli to ecologically-relevant phenotypic re- sponses should help unravel how phenotypic plasticity evolves

关键词： Hormone Endocrine Reaction norm Developmental plasticity Pleiotropy Ecology Network

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Global CO2 Emissions Level Off in 2019,with a Drop Predicted in 2020

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Engineering 2020年第9期6卷 1080-1082页

作者： sean O’Neill Senior Technology Writer

根据国际能源署(IEA)于2020年2月发布的一份报告[1],全球与能源相关的二氧化碳(CO2)排放量在2019年趋于稳定,为33Gt。这一稳定是在全球经济增长速度为2.9%的背景下发生的[2]。二氧化碳排放的明显停滞掩盖了由于地理、技术和商业波动而... 详细信息

根据国际能源署(IEA)于2020年2月发布的一份报告[1],全球与能源相关的二氧化碳(CO2)排放量在2019年趋于稳定,为33Gt。这一稳定是在全球经济增长速度为2.9%的背景下发生的[2]。二氧化碳排放的明显停滞掩盖了由于地理、技术和商业波动而导致的排放量增加和减少的多样性。

关键词：国际能源署二氧化碳排放量全球经济增长商业波动

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