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Modulation of the electronic states of perovskite SrCrO3 thin films through protonation via low-energy hydrogen plasma implantation approaches

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Frontiers of physics 2020年第1期15卷 43-50页

作者： Meng Wu Shanquan Chen Chuanwei Huang Xing Ye Haiping Zhou Xiaochun Huang Kelvin H.L.Zhang Wensheng Yan Lihua Zhang Kisslinger Kim Yingge Du scott chambers Jin-Cheng Zheng Hui-Qiong Wang Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductors and Applications Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Semiconductors and Efficient DevicesDepartment of PhysicsXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials College of Materials Science and EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China School of Materials and Energy University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230029China Center for Functional Nanomaterials Brookhaven National LaboratoryUptonNY 11973-5000USA Physical Sciences Division Physical and Computational Sciences DirectoratePacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWA 99352USA

Hydrogenation of transition metal oxides offers a powerful platform to tailor physical functionalities as well as for potential applications in modern electronic technologies.An ideal nondestructive and efficient hydrogen incorporation approach is important for the realistic technological applications.We demonstrate the proton injection on SrCro3 thin films via an efficient low-energy hydrogen plasma implantation experiments,without destroying the original lattice framework.Hydrogen ions accumu-late largely at the interfacial regions with amorphous character which extend about one-third of the total thickness.The Hx.SrCro3(HSCO)thin films appear like exfoliated layers which however retain the fully strained state with distorted perovskite structure.Proton doping induces the change of Cr oxidation state from Cr^4+to Cr^3+in HSCO thin films and a transition from metallic to insulat-ing phase.Our investigations suggest an attractive platform in manipulating the electronic phases in proton-based approaches and may offer a potential peeling off strategy for nanoscale devices through low-energy hydrogen plasma implantation approaches.

关键词： transition metal oxide thin film metal-insulator transition hydrogenation

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Conservative Management of Bilateral Tendoachilles (TA) Rupture—A Case Report

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Surgical Science 2011年第5期2卷 224-227页

作者： Rahul Kakkar Simon chambers Malcolm M. scott 不详

Tendo Achilles ruptures are generally traumatic in origin and while bilateral tendo Achilles ruptures are a rare occurrence, most of them are associated with risk factors or pre-existing disease and generally involve trauma or sporting activities. Most of the cases of bilateral rupture are generally treated operatively. A spontaneous onset case of bilateral tendo achilles rupture is reported in a healthy man and its conservative (non operative) management discussed with a review of the literature.

关键词： Bilateral Tendoachilles Rupture Non-Traumatic Spontaneous Conservative Treatment Cast Management

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The feelings and thoughts of mental health nurses concerning the management of distressed and disturbed in-patients: A comparative qualitative European study

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Open Journal of Nursing 2013年第6期3卷 426-436页

作者： Vida Staniuliene Mary chambers Xenya Kantaris Raija Kontio Lauri Kuosmanen Anne scott Maria Antonia Rebelo Botelho Renzo Zanotti Maritta Valimaki Faculty of Health Sciences Klaipėda State CollegeKlaipedaLithuania Faculty of Health Social Care and EducationKingston University and St.George’sUniversity of LondonLondonUK Department of Nursing Science University of Turku and Hospital District of Helsinki and UusimaaTuusulaFinland Department of Nursing Science University of TurkuTurkuFinland Dublin City University DublinIreland Nursing Research and Development Unit Escola Superior de Enfermagem de LisboaCoimbraPortugal Department of Molecular Medicine University of PadovaPaduaItaly Department of Nursing Science University of Turku and Hospital District of Southwest FinlandTurkuFinland

High levels of distress and disturbance amongst those experiencing acute mental illness can be a major problem for mental health nurses. The feelings experienced by these nurses when caring for and supporting disturbed and/or distressed patients along with their concurrent thoughts are not well described in the literature. To date, this complex issue has not been explored within a comparative European context. The objective of this qualitative study was to explore the feelings and thoughts of mental health nurses when supporting and caring for distressed and/or disturbed patients in 6 European countries. Methods: Focus groups were used to collect data from 130 mental health nurses working in acute inpatient psychiatric settings. Results: Data were analysed using content analysis. Findings highlighted 6 broad themes: 1) Mixed emotions: expressive and responsive, 2) Procedure for caring for and supporting disturbed and/or distressed patients, 3) Use of guidelines for caring and supporting disturbed and/or distressed patients, 4) Team and organisational support, 5) Ethical concerns: Cognitive dissonance and 6) Education and training. Commonalities and differences were?found across all themes. Approaches to care, nurses’ role and education, clinical guidelines and/or standards vary from country to country, therefore the care, treatment and management of distressed and/or disturbed patients are various. As a result, mental health nurses have different experiences, various emotional quandaries concurrent with cognitive dissonance and different coping strategies when caring for and supporting distressed and disturbed patients. Conclusions: More emphasis needs to be given to the emotional quandaries and concurrent cognitive dissonance experienced by mental health nurses caring for distressed and/or disturbed inpatients in acute psychiatric settings. Increased access to education and training with particular attention to interpersonal communication and relationship building within clinical teams needs to be a priority giv

关键词： Acute Inpatient Psychiatric Settings Cognitive Dissonance Coercive Interventions Feelings Mental Health Nurse Thoughts

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Modeling temperature and moisture dependent emissions of carbon dioxide and methane from drying dairy cow manure

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2018年第2期5卷 280-286页

作者： Enzhu HU Pakorn SUTITARNNONTR Markus TULLER scott B.JONES Institute of Resources and Environmental Sciences School of Metallurgy Northeastern University Department of Plants Soils and Climate Utah State University Department of Soil Water and Environmental Science The University of Arizona

Greenhouse gas emissions due to biological degradation processes of animal wastes are significant sources of air pollution from agricultural areas. The major environmental controls on these microbe-induced gas fluxes are temperature and moisture content. The objective of this study was to model the effects of temperature and moisture content on emissions of CO2 and CH4 during the ambient drying process of dairy manure under controlled conditions. Gas emissions were continuously recorded over 15 d with paired fully automated closed dynamic chambers coupled with a Fourier Transformed Infrared gas analyzer. Water content and temperature were measured and monitored with capacitance sensors. In addition, on days 0, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15, p H, moisture content, dissolved organic carbon and total carbon(TC) were determined. An empirical model derived from the Arrhenius equation confirmed high dependency of carbon emissions on temperature and moisture content. Results indicate that for the investigated dairy manure, 6.83% of TC was lost in the form of CO2 and 0.047% of TC was emitted as CH4.Neglecting the effect of temperature, the moisture contents associated with maximum gas emissions were estimated as0.75 and 0.79 g$g–1 for CO2 and CH4, respectively.

关键词： carbon dioxide dairy manure methane moisture temperature

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Heterotrophic and Autotrophic Soil Respiration under Simulated Dormancy Conditions

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Open Journal of Forestry 2015年第3期5卷 274-286页

作者： Daniel Beverly scott Franklin School of Biological Sciences University of Northern Colorado Greeley CO USA Botany Department University of Wyoming Laramie WY USA

Carbon cycling research has increased over the past 20 years, but less is known about the primary contributors to soil respiration (i.e. heterotrophic and autotrophic) under dormant conditions. It is understood that soil CO2 effluxes are significantly lower during the winter of temperate ecosystems and assumed microorganisms dominate efflux origination. We hypothesized that heterotrophic contributions would be greater than autotrophic under simulated dormancy conditions. To test this hypothesis, we designed an experiment with the following treatments: combined autotrophic heterotrophic respiration, heterotrophic respiration, autotrophic respiration, no respiration, autotrophic respiration in vermiculite, and no respiration in vermiculite. Engelmann spruce seedlings and soil substrates were placed in specially designed respiration chambers and soil CO2 efflux measurements were taken four times over the course of a month. Soil microbial densities and root volumes were measured for each chamber after day thirty-three. Seedling presence resulted in significantly higher soil CO2 efflux rates for all soil substrates. Autotrophic respiration treatments were not representative of solely autotrophic soil CO2 efflux due to soil microbial contamination of autoclaved soil substrates;however, the mean autotrophic contributions averaged less than 25% of the total soil CO2 efflux. Soil microorganism communities were likely the primary contributor to soil CO2 efflux in simulated dormant conditions, as treatments with the greatest proportions of microbial densities had the highest soil CO2 efflux rates. Although this study is not directly comparable to field dormant season soil CO2 effluxes of Engelmann spruce forest, as snowpack is not maintained throughout this experiment, relationships, and metrics from such small-scale ecosystem component processes may yield more accurate carbon budget models.

关键词： Dormant Autotrophic Respiration Heterotrophic Respiration Dormant Soil CO2 Efflux Soil Respiration Engelmann Spruce

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Spatial variability in carbon dioxide exchange processes within wet sedge meadows in the Canadian High Arctic

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Advances in Polar Science 2021年第1期32卷 1-19页

作者： Claire M.WRIGHT Amy C.BLASER Paul M.TREITZ Neal A.scott Department of Geography and Planning Queen’s UniversityKingstonOntarioCanadaK7L 3N6

Wet sedge meadows are the most productive plant communities in the High Arctic.However,the controls on carbon dioxide(CO_(2))exchange processes within wet sedge communities-and the scale at which they operate-are poorly understood.Here,the factors controlling CO_(2)exchange of wet sedge meadows experiencing different moisture regimes are examined.Environmental data are used to create predictive models of CO_(2)exchange on multiple temporal scales.Automated chamber systems recorded CO_(2)fluxes at 30-minute intervals at wet sedge sites in the Canadian High Arctic from June to August in 2014 and 2015.Static chambers were also deployed over a larger spatial extent in 2014.Our results show that wet sedge communities were strong CO_(2)sinks during the growing season(−7.67 to−44.36 g C·m^(−2)).CO_(2)exchange rates in wetter and drier areas within wet sedge meadows differed significantly(Wilcoxon,p<0.001),suggesting that soil moisture regimes within vegetation types influence net CO_(2)balance.Random Forest models explained a significant amount of the variability in CO_(2)flux rates over time(R2=0.46 to 0.90).The models showed that the drivers of CO_(2)exchange in these communities vary temporally.Variable moisture regimes indirectly influenced CO_(2)fluxes given that they exhibit different vegetation and temperature-response characteristics.We suggest that the response of a single vegetation type to environmental changes may vary depending on microenvironment variability within that community.

关键词： High Arctic carbon dioxide exchange wet sedge soil moisture

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安徽铜陵地区幔源镁铁质团块研究及其地质意义

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地球学报 2014年第5期35卷 608-618页

作者：李大鹏杜杨松于学峰秦新龙 Steve scott 王树星 Filipa MARQUES 山东省地质科学研究院山东省金属矿产成矿地质过程与资源利用重点实验室山东济南250013 国土资源部金矿成矿过程与资源利用重点实验室山东济南250013 中国地质大学(北京) 北京100083 江苏省有色金属华东地质勘查局江苏南京210007 多伦多大学地质系海洋地质研究重点实验室山东省第八地质矿产勘查院山东日照276826 葡萄牙里斯本结晶学矿物学矿产资源研究中心

幔源岩石包体研究,是认识上地幔岩石圈物质组成、幔源岩浆演化及壳幔动力学过程的重要手段。铜陵地区小铜官山石英二长闪长岩中发育有微粒闪长质包体,并且这些微粒闪长质包体中不均匀地分布着镁铁质团块,三者的形成过程可视为铜陵地区... 详细信息

幔源岩石包体研究,是认识上地幔岩石圈物质组成、幔源岩浆演化及壳幔动力学过程的重要手段。铜陵地区小铜官山石英二长闪长岩中发育有微粒闪长质包体,并且这些微粒闪长质包体中不均匀地分布着镁铁质团块,三者的形成过程可视为铜陵地区岩浆演化的缩影,为了解本区深部岩浆作用过程提供了有力的证据。在前人研究的基础上,笔者借助电子探针、扫描电镜、电镜能谱和二次飞行时间离子探针（Tof-SIMS）对产于铜陵地区微粒闪长质包体中的镁铁质团块进行了详细的研究,首次获得了一套精确的矿物化学资料和元素分布图,总结了镁铁质团块的特征,并讨论了本区的深部岩浆作用过程。矿物学研究表明,镁铁质团块中的角闪石和辉石均已发生了不同程度的透闪石化和阳起石化蚀变,蚀变过程中,从镁钙闪石到镁角闪石,再到透闪石,随着Si的增加,角闪石呈现出Mg的富集和Ti、Al贫化的特点。团块中的富Cr磁铁矿、Ti磁铁矿和少量的铝直闪石指示了其具有深源性。Tof-SIMS元素分布图显示,透闪石主要由Al、Si、Ca、Sc、V、Cr、Mn、Cu和Sr元素组成,透辉石主要由Si、Mg、Ca、Cu和Rb组成。在铜陵地区,上地幔部分熔融形成一套玄武岩浆,受岩浆底侵作用影响,玄武岩浆上侵,进入下地壳深位岩浆房,与下地壳硅镁层发生同化混染作用,形成一套轻度演化的中基性（辉长质）玄武岩浆,镁铁质团块就是这类中基性玄武岩浆直接结晶形成的。后受构造作用影响,这类中基性玄武岩浆上侵到中地壳岩浆房（12-16 km）,与中地壳的变质岩系发生同化混染和结晶分异作用形成一套中性闪长质岩浆,微粒闪长质包体就是这套闪长质岩浆发生结晶分异作用而形成的。镁铁质团块和微粒闪长质包体清楚地解释了铜陵地区深部岩浆作用过程,并有力地证明了铜陵地区中地壳的闪长质岩浆来源于下地壳的壳幔混源岩浆。

关键词：镁铁质团块闪长质包体壳幔相互作用 Tof-SIMS

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DEVELOPMENT OF IMPLANTABLE ARTIFICIAL LUNG POWERED BY RIGHT VENTRICULE

DEVELOPMENT OF IMPLANTABLE ARTIFICIAL LUNG POWERED BY RIGHT ...

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第2届世界华人生物医学工程研讨会

作者： Joseph B. Zwischenberger Sean D. chambers, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas MC3 Corporation3Ann Arbor, MichiganPh.D. DonaldJ. DeyoAnesthesiology The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas D.V.M. scott Department of Surgery M.D. Department of Surgery M.D

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幔源角闪石巨晶中硫化物熔融包裹体研究

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地质学报 2012年第7期86卷 1091-1105页

作者：李大鹏杜杨松 S.D.scott 秦新龙 A.F.A.MARQUES R.N.S.SODHI 中国地质大学科学研究院北京100083 Scotiabank Marine Geology Research Laboratory Department of GeologyUniversity of Toronto22 Russell StreetTorontoCanada M5S 3B1 江苏省有色金属华东地质勘查局南京210007 CREMINER(LA/ISR) LisbonPortugal Surface Interface Ontario Dept.of Chemical Engineering&Applied ChemistryUniversity of TorontoCanada M5S 3E5

硫化物熔融包裹体研究是认识硫化物矿床成矿元素来源和演化的重要手段,由于硫化物熔融包裹体的体积较小(粒径仅为10～20μm),其详细化学元素组分的难以获得一直是制约进一步研究的瓶颈。笔者在前人研究的基础上,借助于扫描电镜、电镜能... 详细信息

硫化物熔融包裹体研究是认识硫化物矿床成矿元素来源和演化的重要手段,由于硫化物熔融包裹体的体积较小(粒径仅为10～20μm),其详细化学元素组分的难以获得一直是制约进一步研究的瓶颈。笔者在前人研究的基础上,借助于扫描电镜、电镜能谱和二次飞行时间离子探针(Tof-SIMS)对产于铜陵地区角闪石巨晶中的硫化物熔融包裹体进行了详细的研究,首次获得了一套精确的矿物化学资料和元素分布图。矿物学研究表明,角闪石巨晶在上地幔和下地壳均有结晶,温压区间分别为T:850～900℃(温度),P:0.70×109～0.82×109Pa(压力),对应深度D:23.10～27.06km;和T:900～950℃,P:1.09×109～1.17×109Pa,D:35.97～38.61km。元素分布图显示,硫化物熔融包裹体主要有两种元素组成体系:S-Fe-Mn-Ni-Rb-Sr-Ba和S-Fe-Cu-Sr,幔源硫化物体系中Mn、Ni、Rb、Ba等元素具有相似的性质特征可共溶,与Cu则表现出不混溶。在铜陵地区,上地幔的部分熔融形成了一套碱性玄武岩浆,后受岩浆底侵作用和壳幔相互作用影响,底侵进入下地壳深位岩浆房,发生结晶分异和同化混染作用,形成一套轻度演化的玄武岩浆,可能为辉长质。上地幔和下地壳的角闪石巨晶分别是由上地幔碱性玄武岩浆和下地壳轻度演化的玄武岩浆(辉长质)高压下结晶的产物。当上地幔碱性玄武岩浆上侵到下地壳深位岩浆房以后,发生结晶分异作用,又由于地壳硅镁层的混染作用,使得玄武岩浆中硫溶解度降低,促其熔离,从而释放大量的硫(S,以及Ni、Cu、Cr)。角闪石巨晶中的硫化物熔融包裹体正是在下地壳深位岩浆房中,由正在结晶的角闪石巨晶在结晶分异和轻度演化的玄武质岩浆中捕获的不混溶硫化物熔融液滴形成的。铜陵地区在中生代经历了一个长期的大规模的岩浆底侵作用和壳幔相互作用过程,由于下地壳硅镁层混染作用使得轻度演化的玄武岩浆释放大量硫,必然会在莫霍面附近形成大规模高浓度的硫富集区,这些组分在岩浆上侵作用、地壳减薄作用或者裂谷作用的影响下很容易再活化,进入区域岩浆-热液流体系统,最终参与形成区域大规模的硫化物矿床。

关键词：硫化物熔融包裹体上地幔硫化物岩浆底侵作用二次飞行时间离子探针(Tof-SIMS)

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美国耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌感染治疗临床治疗指南(一)

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今日药学 2011年第8期21卷 465-467页

作者：罗明琍吴新荣 Catherine Liu Arnold Bayer Sara E.Cosgrove Robert S.Daum scott K.Fridkin Rachel J.Gorwitz Sheldon L.Kaplan Adolf W.Karchmer Donald P.Levine Barbara E.Murray MichaelJ.Rybak DavidA.Talan Henry F.chambers 广州军区广州总医院药学部广东广州510010 Department of Medicine Division of Infectious DiseasesUniversity of California-San Francisco Division of Infectious Diseases Harbor-UCLA Medical Center Department of Medicine David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles Division of Infectious Diseases Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions Department of Pediatrics Section of Infectious DiseasesUniversity of Chicago Division ofHealthcare Quality Promotion Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious DiseasesCenters for Disease Control and Prevention Department of Pediatrics Section of Infectious DiseasesBaylor College of Medicine Division of Infectious Diseases Beth Israel Deaconess Medicine CenterHarvard Medical School Department of Medicine Division of Infectious DiseasesWayne State UniversityDetroit Receiving Hospital and University Health Center Division of Infectious Diseases and Center for the Study of Emerging and Re-emerging Pathogens University of Texas Medical School Deparment of Pharmacy Practice Wayne State University Divisions of Emergency Medicine and Infectious Diseases Olive View-UCLA Medical Center Division of Infectious Diseases San Francisco General Hospital

美国感染病学会（IDSA）制订了治疗耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）患者的循证指南。该指南用于指导MRSA感染患者的治疗。该指南就多种与MRSA疾病相关的临床症状的治疗进行了论述,包括：皮肤和软组织感染（SSTI）、菌血症和感染性心... 详细信息

美国感染病学会（IDSA）制订了治疗耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）患者的循证指南。该指南用于指导MRSA感染患者的治疗。该指南就多种与MRSA疾病相关的临床症状的治疗进行了论述,包括：皮肤和软组织感染（SSTI）、菌血症和感染性心内膜炎、肺炎、骨和关节感染、中枢神经系统（CNS）感染等。该指南重点介绍了关于万古霉素用量及监测,以及对万古霉素低敏的耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌菌株感染的治疗方案及治疗失败的处置。

关键词：耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌感染临床治疗指南美国感染性心内膜炎中枢神经系统感染患者 MRSA 万古霉素

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