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Inflammatory bowel disease:Genetic and epidemiologic considerations

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第3期14卷 338-347页

作者： judy H Cho Director Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center Yale University New Haven CT 06519 United States

Genome-wide association studies have firmly established that many genomic loci contribute to inflammatory bowel disease, especially in Crohn’s disease. These studies have newly-established the importance of the interleukin 23 and autophagy pathways in disease pathogenesis. Future challenges include: (1) the establishment of precisely causal alleles, (2) definition of altered functional outcomes of associated and causal alleles and (3) integration of genetic findings with environmental factors.

关键词： Crohn's disease Ulcerative colitis Interleukin 23 Autophagy Complex genetics

Solute flow and particle transport in aquatic ecosystems: A review on the effect of emergent and rigid vegetation

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2024年第5期21卷 77-91页

作者： judy Q.Yang St.Anthony Falls Laboratory Department of CivilEnvironmentaland Geo-EngineeringUniversity of Minnesota Twin CitiesMNUSA

In-channel vegetation is ubiquitous in aquatic environments and plays a critical role in the fate and transport of solutes and particles in aquatic *** studies have advanced our understanding of the role of vegetation in solute flow and particle transport in aquatic *** review summarizes these papers and discusses the impacts of emergent and rigid vegetation on the surface flow,the advection and dispersion of solutes,suspended load transport,bedload transport,and hyporheic *** two competing effects of emergent vegetation on the above transport processes are *** the one hand,emergent vegetation reduces mean flow velocity at the same surface slope,which reduces mass *** the other hand,at the same mean flow velocity,vegetation generates turbulence,which enhances mass *** understanding of these two competing effects and predictive equations derived from laboratory experiments are *** equations for the mean flow velocity and turbulent kinetic energy inside an emergent vegetation canopy are derived based on force and energy *** impacts of emergent vegetation on the advection-dispersion process,the suspended load and bedload transport,and the hyporheic exchange are *** impacts of other vegetation-related factors,such as vegetation morphology,submergence,and flexibility,are briefly *** role of vegetation in transporting other particles,such as micro-and macro-plastics,is also briefly ***,suggestions for future research directions are proposed to advance the understanding of the dynamic interplays among natural vegetation,flow dynamics,and sedimentary processes.

关键词： transport load flow

Updates in arteriovenous malformation management: the post-ARUBA era

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2020年第1期5卷 34-39页

作者： James Feghali judy Huang Department of Neurosurgery Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA

Brain arteriovenous malformations(AVMs)are complex and heterogeneous lesions that can rupture,causing significant morbidity and *** ruptured lesions are usually treated,the management of unruptured AVMs remains unclear.A Randomized trial of Unruptured Brain Arteriovenous Malformations(ARUBA)was the first trial conducted to compare the effects of medical and interventional *** it concluded that medical therapy was superior in preventing stroke and death over a follow-up period of 33 months,the findings were met with intense criticism regarding several aspects of study design,progression,and analysis/***,the increased use of stand-alone embolisation relative to microsurgery in a cohort with predominantly low-grade lesions combined with a short follow-up period amplified treatment ***,several observational studies were conducted on ARUBA-eligible patients to investigate the safety and efficacy of microsurgery,radiosurgery,and endovascular embolisation over longer follow-up *** reports showed that favourable safety profiles and cure rates can be achieved with appropriate patient selection and judicious use of different treatment modalities in multidisciplinary *** large prospective randomised trials on AVMs may not be feasible,it is important to make use of practice-based data beyond the flawed ARUBA study to optimise patients’lifetime outcomes.

关键词： treatment lifetime alone

Recent progress on in situ characterizations of electrochemically intercalated transition metal dichalcogenides

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Nano Research 2019年第9期12卷 2126-2139页

作者： Sajad Yazdani Milad Yarali judy J. Cha Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Yale UniversityNew HavenCT 06511USA Energy Sciences Institute Yale University West CampusWest HavenCT 06516USA

Layered transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDCs)have been extensively studied owing to their unique physical and chemical *** van der Waals(vdW)interact!ons betwee n the stacki ng layers of TMDCs allow intercalati on of various species including mono vale nt alkali,divale nt alkaline earth and multivale nt metal ions,zero-vale nt transiti on metals,as well as orga nic molecules,all of which can drastically alter fun dame ntal properties of the *** urge to understa nd the phe nomena and the desire to exploit them for applicati ons have inspired a great deal of investigations.A large portion of the mystery has been unveiled over the past decade of intense research;however,many questions remain open and require further *** review is concerned with investigations on structural and electronic evolution of TMDCs drive n by electrochemically con trolled in tercalati ***,we aim to survey the rece nt adva nces and experime ntal platforms for mon itoring the in tercalati on processes in situ by utilizi ng nano *** additi on,several in quiries and prospects are outlined in a broader con text for future ave nues of studies.

关键词： transition metal dichalcogenides electrochemical intercalation in situ characterizations transmission electron microscopy(TEM) magnetotransport measurements

Role of Small Extracellular Vesicles in Liver Diseases:Pathogenesis,Diagnosis,and Treatment

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2022年第6期10卷 1176-1185页

作者： Tingmao Xue judy Wai Ping Yam Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II Zhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina Department of Pathology School of Clinical MedicineLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongChinaReceived

Extracellular vesicles(EVs)are vesicular bodies that bud off from the cell membrane or are secreted virtually by all cell *** EVs(sEVs or exosomes)are key mediators of cell-cell communication by delivering their cargo,including proteins,lipids,or RNAs,to the recipient cells where they induce changes in signaling pathways and phenotypic *** findings have revealed the pivotal involve-ment of sEVs in the pathogenesis of various *** the bright side,they are rich sources of biomarkers for diag-nosis,prognosis,treatment response,and disease *** have high stability,biocompatibility,targetability,low toxicity,and are immunogenic in *** intrinsic properties make sEVs an ideal delivery vehicle to be loaded with cargo for therapeutic *** diseases are a major global health *** review aims to focus on the roles and mechanisms of sEVs in the pathogenesis of liver diseases,liver injury,liver failure,and liver *** are released not only by hepatocytes but also by stromal and immune cells in the *** detection of liver disease determines the chance for cura-tive treatment and high survival of *** review focuses on the potential of circulating sEV cargo as specific and sensitive noninvasive biomarkers for the early detection and prognosis of liver *** addition,the therapeutic use of sEVs derived from various cell types is ***-though sEVs hold promise for clinical applications,there are still challenges to be overcome by further research to bring utilization of sEVs into clinical practice.

关键词： Small extracellular vesicles Liver injury Liver fibrosis Liver fail-ure Hepatocellular carcinoma Biomarkers.

Valproic acid as a micro RNA modulator to promote neurite outgrowth

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第10期11卷 1564-1565页

作者： Hirotaka Oikawa judy C.G.Sng Neuroepigenetics Laboratory Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences Agency for Science and Technology (A*STAR) Department of Pharmacology Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore

Valproic acid （VPA） has been a first-choice drug for clinical treatment of epilepsy and manic disorder. For decades, its phar- macological action was believed to act on inhibition of gam- ma-aminobutyric acid （GABA） transaminase, in turn, increas- ing GABA in inhibitory synapses. However, in recent years, VPA has been investigated on other therapeutic actions. Those investigations demonstrate that VPA shows neuroprotective ef- fects by promoting neurogenesis, neuronal differentiation, and neuroregeneration （Foti et al., 2013）.

关键词： VPA RNA Valproic acid as a micro RNA modulator to promote neurite outgrowth acid

Guidelines for the ethical review of laboratory animal welfare People’s Republic of China National Standard GB/T 35892-2018 [Issued 6 February 2018 Effective from 1 September 2018]

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2020年第1期3卷 103-113页

作者： judy A.MacArthur Clark Deming Sun JMC Welfare International SandwichKentUK National Research Institute for Health&Welfare and Ethics Committee of Chinese Association for Laboratory Animal Science BeijingChina

These Chinese National Guidelines(GB/T 35892-20181)were issued February 06,2018 and became effective September 01,*** authors recognized the urgent need for an authentic English translation to inform the international community of the compliance requirements in *** was appreciated that the final translation must reflect the specialist understanding of those working under the Guideline whilst remaining faithful to the meaning of the original Chinese text.A three-step translation process was therefore *** 1:A professional interpretation service(KL Communications,UK)was commissioned to prepare a literal translation of the Chinese *** documents were provided which explained specialist *** translation was checked by two bilingual *** 2:A workshop was held in Nanjing in May 2019 to which were invited experts in laboratory animal welfare and ethical *** included international native English-speaking and Chinese-speaking *** delegates worked in multilingual teams to review sections of the literal translation ahead of the workshop,and to agree an authentic interpretation during the *** 3:Following the workshop,three bilingual experts(two native Chinese speakers and one native English speaker)reviewed the entire document to ensure consistency of terminology and general *** document is thus not a“literal translation”but an“accurate interpretation”of the original *** challenge of work being performed under these Guidelines should rely on the Chinese text in the first ***,this translation may be used as mitigating evidence,especially where those performing the work are non-Chinese speakers.

关键词： speakers authentic terminology

The human application of gene therapy to re-program T-cell specificity using chimeric antigen receptors

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2014年第9期33卷 421-433页

作者： Alan D Guerrero judy S Moyes Laurence JN Cooper Division of Pediatrics The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences

The adoptive transfer of T cells is a promising approach to treat cancers. Primary human T cells can be modified using viral and non-viral vectors to promote the specific targeting of cancer cells via the introduction of exogenous T-cell receptors(TCRs) or chimeric antigen receptors(CARs). This gene transfer displays the potential to increase the specificity and potency of the anticancer response while decreasing the systemic adverse effects that arise from conventional treatments that target both cancerous and healthy cells. This review highlights the generation of clinical-grade T cells expressing CARs for immunotherapy, the use of these cells to target B-cell malignancies and, particularly, the first clinical trials deploying the Sleeping Beauty gene transfer system, which engineers T cells to target CD19+ leukemia and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

关键词： T细胞受体基因治疗异性重新编程抗原嵌合基因转移系统非病毒载体

Treatment of middle cerebral artery (MCA) aneurysms: a review of the literature

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Chinese Neurosurgical Journal 2015年第1期1卷 -页

作者： Wuyang Yang judy Huang Department of Neurosurgery Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineZayed Tower Suite 6115F 1800 Orleans Street Baltimore MD 21287 USA

Microsurgical treatment is well established as the preferred strategy for definitive obliteration of middle cerebral artery (MCA) ***, increasing reports on the feasibility and efficacy of endovascular treatment of MCA aneurysms in large case series suggest coiling as a viable alternative to *** review provides a critical overview of the current literature regarding MCA aneurysm treatment, with the objective to clarify the available evidence of efficacy with microsurgical compared to endovascular treatment.

关键词： Middle cerebral artery Aneurysm Endovascular Surgery