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Short-term impacts of biochar and manure application on soil labile carbon fractions,enzyme activity,and microbial community structure

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Biochar 2019年第3期1卷 271-282页

作者： saroop sandhu Udayakumar Sekaran Ekrem Ozlu Nigel O.Hoilett Sandeep Kumar Department of Soil and Water Science University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32611USA Department of Agronomy Horticulture and Plant ScienceSouth Dakota State UniversityBrookingsSD 57007USA Department of Soil Science University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53006USA School of Agricultural Sciences Northwest Missouri State UniversityMaryvilleMO 64468USA

Biochar is known to ameliorate soil fertility and increase crop yield;however,information regarding its effects on soil chemical and biological properties remains *** experiment was conducted to study the short-term impacts of dif-ferent types of biochar on soil C fractions,enzyme activities,and microbial community structure at depositional and eroded landscape positions at different sampling times[before planting,after planting,and after harvesting of soybean(Glycine max L.)].Three biochar materials,produced from C-optimized gasification of corn(maize,Zea mays L.)stover(CS),pon-derosa pine(Pinus ponderosa Lawson and ***)wood residue(PW),and switchgrass(Panicum virgatum L.)(SG),and dairy manure(DM)and mixture of dairy manure and pinewood biochar(DMP),were applied at a rate of 10 Mg ha^(−1) to depositional and eroded landscape *** showed that the application of DMP and sole application of DM treat-ments significantly increased the labile C fractions at the depositional and eroded *** addition of DM and DMP increased the activities ofβ-glucosidase and urease enzymes,and those are involved in C and nitrogen cycling at depositional and eroded landscape *** were no significant differences between different biochar ***,there was an increase in soil microbial community structure in the DM and DMP treatments at both the landscape *** conclusion,our study revealed that DMP and sole application of DM influenced the soil labile C pool,enzyme activities,and microbial community structure at both the landscape positions for different sampling times.

关键词： Biochar Manure PLFA Labile C Urease β-Glucosidase

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Use of waste plastic oil as a fuel in reactivity-controlled compression ignition engines:a bibliometric investigation from 2017-23

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Clean Energy 2024年第3期8卷 206-222页

作者： Sumit Kanchan Sarbjot Singh sandhu Department of Mechanical Engineering Dr B R Ambedkar National Institute of TechnologyJalandharPunjabIndia School of Mechanical Engineering Lovely Professional UniversityJalandharPunjabIndia

Waste plastic oil,generated through the pyrolysis of plastic without oxygen,known as plastic-to-fuel conversion,stands as a promising alternative *** research employs bibliometric analysis,a quantitative method,to comprehensively assess publications in the domain of waste plastic oil integration within reactivity-controlled compression ignition *** Scopus as the primary repository post-2017,the study categorizes information into pivotal aspects,including influential journals,countries,authors,affiliations,document types,thematic areas,sponsors and *** analysis reveals significant contributions from diverse nations,prominently India,China,Turkey and *** is the prevalence of Energy,Engineering and Chemical Engineering as thematic focal points,with the journal Fuel leading the count followed by the journal Energy emerging as a prominent *** contributions are prolific,led by Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management University and Vellore Institute of *** authors‘Gugulothu S.K’and‘He Z’play a pivotal role in shaping the *** National Natural Science Foundation of China stands out as a primary *** bibliometric analysis provides a structured understanding of waste plastic oil integration in reactivity-controlled compression ignition engines,laying the groundwork for future research *** study identifies potential research platforms beyond Scopus,including Web of Science,CrossRef,Science Direct and Google Scholar,as valuable repositories for further ***,after careful observation of the research articles published by the top 10 authors as found in the study,it was found that the authors share a few common characteristics that helped them in advancing the understanding and application of waste plastic oil in reactivity-controlled compression ignition *** are also summarized in the present study with supporting data.

关键词： bibliometric analysis plastic-to-fuel waste plastic oil RCCI engine Scopus database

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Investigation of performance and emission characteristics using ethanol-blended gasoline fuel as a flex-fuel in two-wheeler vehicle mounted on a chassis dynamometer

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Clean Energy 2024年第3期8卷 174-193页

作者： Sourabh Gupta Sumit Kanchan Rupinder Kaur Sarbjot Singh sandhu School of Mechanical Engineering Lovely Professional UniversityPunjabIndia Division of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Lovely Professional UniversityPunjabIndia Department of Mechanical Engineering Dr BR Ambedkar National Institute of TechnologyJalandharIndia

This study investigated the performance and emissions of flex fuels in a 110-cc BS6-compliant fuel-injected two-wheeler without ethanol adaptation *** tests were carried out under controlled conditions on a chassis dynamometer at 1000,2000 and 3000 *** ethanol blends from 10%ethanol(E10)to 85%ethanol(E85).Parameters examined included brake power(BP)output,brake-specific fuel consumption(BSFC),peak in-cylinder pressure and exhaust ***,including carbon monoxide(CO),hydrocarbons(HC),nitrogen oxide(NOx)and unregulated emissions,were also *** the percentages of the ethanol blend increased from E10 to E85,there was a noticeable improvement in power *** 1000 r.p.m.,the BP ranged from 2.4 to 4.6 kW for different *** BSFC and the peak in-cylinder pressure followed a similar pattern,indicating enhanced performance and fuel efficiency with higher ethanol ***,using E85 at 1000 *** in a significant 41.08%reduction in exhaust temperature compared with E10,although this difference decreased with higher blend ***,replacing E10 with E85 at 1000 *** CO and HC emissions by 9.17%and 38.34%,*** contrast,NOx emissions increased at all *** with higher-ethanol blends,peaking at a 415 parts per million increase at 3000 ***,unregulated emissions decreased significantly with increased *** ethanol *** summary,the use of flex-fuel blends in a two-wheeler resulted in a modest increase in BP output,improved fuel efficiency and lower CO and HC *** findings are vital for optimizing ethanol blend utilization in two-wheeler engines under low-load conditions,considering both performance and environmental aspects.

关键词： flex fuel ethanol regulated emissions unregulated emissions chassis dynamometer performance characteristics

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Impact of Medicaid expansion on kidney transplantation in the State Oklahoma

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World Journal of Transplantation 2024年第3期14卷 110-119页

作者： Hyoshin Kwon Zoya sandhu Zoona Sarwar Oya M Andacoglu Department of Surgery Division of TransplantationOu College of MedicineOK 73104United States Department of Internal Medicine University of OklahomaTulsa School of Community MedicineTulsaOK 74135United States Department of Surgery University of Oklahoma College of MedicineOklahomaOK 73104United States Department of Transplantation and Advanced Hepatobiliary Surgery University of UtahSalt LakeUT 84112United States

BACKGROUND There is no data evaluating the impact of Medicaid expansion on kidney tran-splants(KT)in *** To investigate the impact of Medicaid expansion on KT patients in *** The UNOS database was utilized to evaluate data pertaining to adult KT reci-pients in Oklahoma in the pre-and post-Medicaid *** analysis,Kaplan Meier analysis was used to estimate,and cox proportional models were *** There were 2758 pre-and 141 recipients in the post-Medicaid expansion ***-expansion patients were more often non-United States citizens(2.3%vs 5.7%),American Indian,Alaskan,or Pacific Islander(7.8%vs 9.2%),Hispanic(7.4%vs 12.8%),or Asian(2.5%vs 8.5%)(P<0.0001).Waitlist time was shorter in the post-expansion era(410 vs 253 d)(P=0.0011).Living donor rates,pre-emptive transplants,re-do transplants,delayed graft function rates,kidney donor profile index values,panel reactive antibodies levels,and insurance types were *** with public insurance were more *** increased early(<6 months)rejection rates,1-year patient and graft survival were *** Cox proportional hazards model,male sex,American Indian,Alaskan or Pacific Islander race,public insurance,and frailty category were independent risk factors for death at 1 *** expansion was not associated with graft failure or patient survival(adjusted hazard ratio:1.07;95%CI:0.26-4.41).CONCLUSION Medicaid expansion in Oklahoma is associated with increased KT access for non-White/non-Black and non-United States citizen patients with shorter wait times.1-year graft and patient survival rates were similar before and after *** expansion itself was not independently associated with graft or patient survival *** research is necessary to determine the long-term effects of Medicaid expansion.

关键词： Medicaid expansion Oklahoma Kidney transplant

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MAX-DOAS and in-situ measurements of aerosols and trace gases over Dongying,China:Insight into ozone formation sensitivity based on secondary HCHO

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 656-668页

作者： Xiaojun Zheng Zeeshan Javed Cheng Liu Aimon Tanvir Osama sandhu Haoran Liu Xiangguang Ji Chengzhi Xing Hua Lin Daolin Du Institute of Environment and Ecology School of the Environment and Safety EngineeringJiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics&Technology Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsHefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China Key Laboratory of Precision Scientific Instrumentation of Anhui Higher Education Institutes University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention(LAP3) Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China National Agromet Center Pakistan Meteorological DepartmentIslamabad 44000Pakistan Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China School of Environmental Science and Optoelectronic Technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

This study presents a comprehensive overview of the atmospheric pollutants including Sulfur dioxide(SO_(2)),Nitrogen dioxide(NO_(2)),Formaldehyde(HCHO),Particulate Matter PM;PM_(10):diameter≤10μm,and PM_(2.5):diameter≤2.5μm,and Ozone(O_(3)),over Dongying(Shandong Province)from March-April 2018 and September-October 2019 by employing ground-based Multiple Axis Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy(MAX-DOAS)observations along with the in-situ measurements attained by the national air quality monitoring *** concentrations of SO_(2)and NO_(2)were under the acceptable level,while both PM_(2.5),and PM_(10)were higher than the safe levels as prescribed by national and international air quality *** results depict that 21%of the total observation days were found to be complex polluted days(PM_(2.5)>35μg/m^(3) and O_(3)>160μg/m^(3)).The secondary HCHO was used for accurate analysis of O_(3)sensitivity.A difference of 11.40%and 10%during March-April 2018 and September-October 2019 respectively in O_(3)sensitivity was found between HCHO_(total)/NO_(2)and HCHO_(sec)/NO_(2).The results indicate that primary HCHO have significant contribution in HCHO.O_(3)formation predominantly remained to be in VOC-limited and transitional regime during March-April 2018 and September-October 2019 in *** results imply that concurrent control of both NO_(x) and VOCs would benefit in ozone ***,the criteria pollutants(PM,SO_(2),and NO_(2))depicted strong correlations with each other except for O_(3)for which weak correlation coefficient was obtained with all the *** study will prove to be baseline for designing of air pollution control strategies.

关键词： MAX-DOAS Trace gases Ozone sensitivity Secondary HCHO Complex Pollution

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Analysis of the urethral stricture score and patient-related factors as predictors of outcomes following oral mucosal graft urethroplasty

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第3期11卷 473-479页

作者： Nikita Shrivastava Rahul Jena Deepak Prakash Bhirud Mahendra Singh Gautam Ram Choudhary Arjun Singh sandhu Department of Urology All India Institute of Medical SciencesJodhpurRajasthanIndia

Objective:The complexity of urethral strictures can predict outcomes following *** previously described urethral stricture score(U score)considered only stricture-related factors to grade the complexity of urethral strictures and to predict recurrence post urethroplasty,but not considered patient-related factors for the *** aimed to study the correlation of both of these factors to the outcomes of oral mucosal graft ***:We retrospectively reviewed data of 101 patients who underwent oral mucosal graft urethroplasty in our institute with a minimum follow-up of 6 *** patient characteristics and stricture-related parameters were *** U score was calculated for all patients which consisted of the length,location,number,and etiology of *** and multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to determine significant risk factors of ***:The mean follow-up of patients was 15 *** was seen in 28 patients and the mean time for detection of recurrence was 8 months of *** Charlson Comorbidity Index,history of previous intervention,length of strictures,location of strictures,number of strictures,history of smoking,and etiology were independent predictors of recurrence following *** on these parameters,we formulated the modified U score(MU score).The scores ranged from 0 to 6 and a score of>2 was found to be predictive of *** comparing receiver operating characteristic curves for both scores by the DeLong test,the MU score had larger area under the curve than the U ***:The MU scoring system is the first of its kind attempt taking into consideration both patient-and stricture-related factors to predict recurrence following oral mucosal graft urethroplasty.

关键词： Urethral stricture Urethral stricture score Recurrence Urethroplasty

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Isolated colonic neurofibroma, a rare tumor: A case report and review of literature

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2020年第10期8卷 1932-1938页

作者： Sara Ghoneim Sonia sandhu Dalbir sandhu Department of Internal Medicine Case Western Reserve University at MetroHealth Medical CenterClevelandOH 44109United States Department of Hematology and Oncology Cleveland Clinic Akron GeneralClevelandOH 44307United States Division of Gastroenterology Case Western Reserve University at MetroHealth Medical CenterClevelandOH 44109United States

BACKGROUND Neurofibromas are tumors comprised of peripheral nerve sheath and connective tissue *** can occur sporadically or as part of familial syndromes such as neurofibromatosis type *** colonic neurofibroma without systemic manifestations is a rarely reported clinical *** we present a case of a 51 years old male with an isolated colonic neurofibroma seen on a screening *** SUMMARY Fifty-one years old male who was otherwise healthy without a significant family history of cancer underwent a screening colonoscopy and was found have a 2.3 cm×1.4 cm lesion in the *** biopsy revealed a spindle cell *** resonance imaging of the pelvis was negative for *** underwent an endoscopic ultrasound that showed an ill-defined avascular lesion of mixed echogenicity measuring 2.8 cm×15.2 cm in the submucosa with no communication with muscularis mucosa or *** staining of the tumor was strongly positive for S100,with rare penetrating axons deep within the *** cells were negative for c-kit and desmin and had low Ki-67 *** findings were consistent with a solitary colonic submucosal neurofibroma.A detailed history and physical examination did not reveal any evidence of extraintestinal *** underwent transanal surgical resection of the *** patient tolerated the procedure well without any *** While neurofibromas have been well described in literature,an isolated colonic neurofibroma is a rare pathological *** transformation of neurofibromas has been reported in patients with neurofibromatosis *** report a case of isolated colonic neurofibroma and highlight the importance of resection due to the increased risk of tumorigenesis.

关键词： Neurofibroma Colonoscopy Neurofibromatosis type 1 Neurofibromatosis type 2 Spindle cell tumor Endoscopic ultrasound Case report

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Big Data with Cloud Computing:Discussions and Challenges

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Big Data Mining and Analytics 2022年第1期5卷 32-40页

作者： Amanpreet Kaur sandhu University Institute of Computing Chandigarh University

With the recent advancements in computer technologies,the amount of data available is increasing day by ***,excessive amounts of data create great challenges for ***,cloud computing services provide a powerful environment to store large volumes of *** eliminate various requirements,such as dedicated space and maintenance of expensive computer hardware and *** big data is a time-consuming task that requires large computational clusters to ensure successful data storage and *** this work,the definition,classification,and characteristics of big data are discussed,along with various cloud services,such as Microsoft Azure,Google Cloud,Amazon Web Services,International Business Machine cloud,Hortonworks,and MapR.A comparative analysis of various cloud-based big data frameworks is also *** research challenges are defined in terms of distributed database storage,data security,heterogeneity,and data visualization.

关键词： big data data analysis cloud computing Hadoop

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Decay Analysis of Ge Isotopes Formed in Reactions Induced by Tightly and Loosely Bound Projectiles

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2018年第11期69卷 565-577页

作者： Amandeep Kaur Kirandeep sandhu Manoj K.Sharma School of Physics and Materials Science Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology Patiala 147004PunjabIndia Department of Physics GSSDGS Khalsa CollegePatiala 147001PunjabIndia

The dynamical cluster-decay model (DCM) is employed to investigate the decay of ^(6870)Ge~* compound nuclei formed respectively via tightly (~4He) and loosely (~6He) bound projectiles, using ^(64)Zn target. The study is carried out over a wide energy range (E_(c.m.)～5 MeV to 16 MeV) by including the quadrupole deformations (β_(2i)) and optimum orientations (θ_i^(opt)) of the decaying fragments. The fusion cross-sections, obtained by adding various evaporation channels show nice agreement with the experimental data for ~4He+^(64)Zn reaction. The contribution from competing compound inelastic scattering channel is also analyzed particularly for ^(68)Ge~* nucleus at above barrier energies. On the other hand,the decrement in the fusion cross-sections of ^(70)Ge~* nuclear system is addressed by presuming that ^(65)Zn ER is formed via two different modes:(i) the αn evaporation of ^(70Ge)~* nucleus, and(ii) 1n-evaporation of ^(66)Zn~*nuclear system,formed via breakup and 2n-transfer channels due to halo structure of the ~6He projectile. Besides this, the suppression in2 np evaporation cross-sections suggests the contribution of another breakup and transfer process of ~6He i.e. ~4He+ ^(64)*** contribution of breakup+transfer channels for ~6He+^(64)Zn reaction is duly addressed by applying relevant energy corrections due to the breakup of "~6He" projectile into 2n and ~4He. In addition to this, the barrier lowering, angular momentum and energy dependence effects are also explored in view of the dynamics of chosen reactions.

关键词： tightly and loosely bound projectiles evaporation residue breakup and transfer

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Study of Cold Fusion Reactions Using Collective Clusterization Approach

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2017年第10期67卷 505-517页

作者： Gurjit Kaur Kirandeep sandhu Manoj K.Sharma School of Physics and Materials Science Thapar University

Within the framework of the dynamical cluster decay model （DCM）, the in evaporation cross-sections （σ1n） of cold fusion reactions （Pb and Bi targets） are calculated for ZCN = 104-113 superheavy nuclei. The calculations are carried out in the fixed range of excitation energy ECN = 15 ± 1 MeV, so that the comparative analysis of reaction dynamics can be worked out. First of all, the fission barriers （Bf ） and neutron separation energies （S1n） are estimated to account the decreasing cross-sections of cold fusion reactions. In addition to this, the importance of hot optimum orientations of β24-deformed nuclei over cold one is explored at fixed angular momentum and neck-length parameters. The hot optimum orientations support all the target-projectile （t,p） combinations, which are explored experimentally in the cold fusion reactions. Some new target-projectile combinations are also predicted for future exploration. Further, the In cross-sections are addressed for ZCN = 104-113 superheavy nuclei at comparable excitation energies which show the decent agrement with experimental data upto ZCN = 109 nuclei. Finally, to understand the dynamics of higher-Z superheavy nuclei, the cross-sections are also calculated at maximum available energies around the Coulomb barrier and the effect of non-sticking moment of inertia （INS） is also investigated at these energies.

关键词： cold fusion reactions ln-decay cross-sections fragment mass distribution

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