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A Novel Single-Step Growth Process for the Deposition of CH3NH3PbI3-xClx Perovskite Films from CH3NH3Cl and PbI2 Precursors

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材料科学与工程（中英文A版） 2016年第5期6卷 233-242页

作者： Chaminda Hettiarachchi Nicholas Valdes Pritish Mukherjee sarath witanachchi Laboratory for Advanced Materials Science & Technology (LAMSAT) Department of Physics University of South Florida Tampa Florida 33620 USA

Fluoride contamination in groundwater:A global review of the status,processes,challenges,and remedial measures

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第2期15卷 1-29页

作者： E.Shaji K.V.sarath M.Santosh P.K.Krishnaprasad B.K.Arya Manisha S.Babu Department of Geology University of KeralaKariavattom CampusThiruvananthapuramKerala 695581India School of Earth Sciences and Resources China University of Geosciences(Beijing)29 Xueyuan RoadBeijing 100083China Department of Earth Science University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia Department of Geology Central University of KeralaTejaswini HillsPeriyeKasaragodKerala 671316India

Groundwater pollution by fluoride is one of the prime concerns of the world population due to its toxicity,which results in adverse health *** this paper,we review the current scenario of the fluoride contamination of groundwater in various countries across the globe and its impact on human *** the last decade,several newly affected regions have been reported all over the world,with more than 100 countries affected by fluoride contamination in groundwater(concentration exceeding the acceptable limit of 1.5 mg/L defined by the World Health Organization).Fluoride poisoning is mainly due to the unsupervised ingestion of products for dental and oral hygiene and over-fluoridated drinking *** is estimated that more than 200 million people from different countries are affected by fluoriderelated groundwater issues and health *** highest among these are from the countries in Africa(38),Asia(28),and Europe(24),followed by countries like South America(5),North America(3),and Australia(2).The source of fluoride in drinking water is primarily geogenic,together with forage,grasses and grains,tea,and anthropogenic *** countries affected were correlated with climatic zones and geological factors to gain insights into geospatial *** analyses show that most of the fluoride pollution-prone zones are located in high-grade metamorphic terranes with granitoid or alkaline intrusions,geothermal hot springs,and volcanic regions with arid or semi-arid climatic *** study also finds that children across the globe are more vulnerable than adults to fluoride *** review finds that,although there are efficient fluoride removal techniques,including filters with next-generation nanomaterials,to date,there has not been a single technique developed that can claim to be a practically robust solution for fluoride removal from drinking ***,we suggest developing next-generation filters that can retain essential miner

关键词： Fluoride Groundwater Water contamination WHO standards Climate zones Remediation Sustainable Development Goals

Speciesα-diversity promotes butβ-diversity restricts aboveground biomass in tropical forests,depending on stand structure and environmental factors

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Journal of Forestry Research 2023年第5期34卷 889-901页

作者： Umar Aftab Abbasi Eskil Mattsson sarath Premalal Nissanka Arshad Ali Forest Ecology Research Group College of Life SciencesHebei UniversityBaoding 071002People’s Republic of China IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute Aschebergsgatan 4441133 GothenburgSweden Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre(GGBC) GothenburgSweden Department of Crop Science Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of PeradeniyaPeradeniyaSri Lanka

Forest plays a vital role in the global biogeochemical cycles through a high rate of carbon sequestration and harboring ***,local species diversity is declining while also becoming increasingly homogenized across *** eff ects of local biotic processes(e.g.,speciesα-diversity and stand structural heterogeneity)and environmental factors on aboveground biomass(AGB)have been widely tested,there is a huge knowledge gap for the eff ect of regional biotic processes(i.e.,taxonomic and functionalβ-diversity)in ***,we hypothesized that regional and local environmental factors along with biotic processes jointly regulate AGB through species shifts in tropical *** piecewise structural equation modeling(pSEM),we linked climatic water availability,soil fertility,stand structural heterogeneity(either tree DBH inequality,height inequality,or stand density),speciesα-diversity,taxonomic or functionalβ-diversity(and its two components;β-turnover andβ-richness),and AGB across 189 inventory plots in tropical forests of Sri *** fertility and climatic water availability shaped local and regional biotic *** structural heterogeneity promoted speciesα-diversity but declinedβ-diversity(but increasedβ-taxonomic turnover).Speciesα-diversity and stand structural heterogeneity promoted AGB whereas taxonomic and functionalβ-diversity declined(butβ-taxonomic turnover increased)*** relationships of AGB with speciesα-diversity andβ-diversity varied from signifi cant to nonsignifi cant positive depending on the specifi c combinations of stand structural heterogeneity metrics *** study shows that local biotic processes could increase AGB due to the local and regional niche complementarity eff ect whereas the regional biotic processes could restrict AGB due to the regional selection or functional redundancy eff ect under favorable environmental *** argue that biotic homogenization,as well as drought conditions,ma

关键词： Biodiversity Biotic homogenization Climate Forest functioning Soil Tree size

A graph based approach to model charge transport in semiconducting polymers

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 346-353页

作者： Ramin Noruzi Eunhee Lim Balaji Sesha sarath Pokuri Michael L.Chabinyc Baskar Ganapathysubramanian Mechanical Engineering Iowa State UniversityAmesIAUSA Materials Department University of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraCAUSA

Charge transport in molecular solids,such as semiconducting polymers,is strongly affected by packing and structural order over several length *** approaches to modeling these phenomena range from analytical models to numerical models using quantum mechanical *** analytical approaches cannot account for detailed structural effects,numerical models are expensive for exhaustive(and statistically significant)***,we report a computationally scalable methodology using graph theory to explore the influence of molecular ordering on charge *** model accurately reproduces the analytical results for transport in nematic and isotropic systems,as well as experimental results of the dependence of the charge carrier mobility on orientation correlation length for *** further model how defect distribution(correlated and uncorrelated)in semiconducting polymers can modify the mobility,predicting a critical defect density above which the mobility *** work enables rapid(and computationally extensible)evaluation of charge mobility semiconducting polymer devices.

关键词： charge analytical defect

21-Component compositionally complex ceramics: Discovery of ultrahigh-entropy weberite and fergusonite phases and a pyrochlore–weberite transition

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2022年第4期11卷 641-655页

作者： Mingde QIN Heidy VEGA Dawei ZHANG sarath ADAPA Andrew J.WRIGHT Renkun CHEN Jian LUO Department of Nano Engineering University of California San DiegoLa Jolla 92093USA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California San DiegoLa Jolla 92093USA Program of Materials Science and Engineering University of California San DiegoLa Jolla 92093USA Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of California San DiegoLa Jolla 92093USA

Two new high-entropy ceramics(HECs)in the weberite and fergusonite structures,along with the unexpected formation of ordered pyrochlore phases with ultrahigh-entropy compositions and an abrupt pyrochlore–weberite transition,are discovered in a 21-component oxide *** the Gibbs phase rule allows 21 equilibrium phases,9 out of the 13 compositions examined possess single HEC phases(with ultrahigh ideal configurational entropies:~2.7kB per cation or higher on one sublattice in most cases).Notably,(15RE_(1/15))(Nb_(1/2)Ta_(1/2))O_(4) possess a single monoclinic fergusonite(C2/c)phase,and(15RE_(1/15))_(3)(Nb_(1/2)Ta_(1/2))_(1)O_(7) form a single orthorhombic(C222_(1))weberite phase,where 15RE_(1/15) represents Sc_(1/15)Y_(1/15)La_(1/15)Pr_(1/15)Nd_(1/15)Sm_(1/15)Eu_(1/15)Gd_(1/15)Tb_(1/15)Dy_(1/15)Ho_(1/15)Er_(1/15)Tm_(1/15) Yb_(1/15)Lu_(1/15).Moreover,a series of eight(15RE_(1/15))_(2+x)(Ti_(1/4)Zr_(1/4)Ce_(1/4)Hf_(1/4))_(2−2x)(Nb_(1/2)Ta_(1/2))_(x)O_(7) specimens all exhibit single phases,where a pyrochlore–weberite transition occurs within 0.75

关键词： compositionally complex ceramics high-entropy ceramics(HECs) weberite pyrochlore fergusonite ultrahigh-entropy ceramics many-component ceramics

Effects of dissolved oxygen on intestinal bacterial community and immunity of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2023年第1期41卷 364-375页

作者： Shihong XU Yanfeng WANG Caixia GAO sarath BABU V Jun LI Qinghua LIU Zhizhong XIAO Yingxuan XU Chunyan ZHAO Li LIN Liang CHI Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine College of FisheriesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China College of Veterinary Medicine Qingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdao 266109China Laboratory Animal and Comparative Medicine Team State Key Laboratory of Veterinary BiotechnologyHarbin Veterinary Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS)Harbin 150069China CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl BreedingZhongkai University of Agriculture and EngineeringGuangzhou 510225China University College London London WC1E 6BTUnited Kingdom School of Marine Science and Engineering Qingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdao 266109China

Dissolved oxygen(DO)is one of most important factors which affect wide range physiologic features of including immune responses and intestinal bacterial ***,the underlying mechanisms remain *** address this question,the intestinal bacterial community compositions and the immune features of Atlantic salmon(Salmo salar)grown in recirculating aquaculture systems(RAS)were *** were reared under different DO saturation levels,e.g.,200% saturation named high group(H),100%saturation named control group(CK),and 60%saturation named lower group(L).Large variations in the operational taxonomic units(OTUs)frequency distribution for the intestinal bacterial community of Atlantic salmon were *** intestinal bacterial community of all groups was dominated mainly by three phyla,e.g.,***,and ***,Acinetobacter baumannii,an opportunistic pathogen of salmon was increased significantly in L *** further monitored the immunity features of fish under different DO *** results show that leucocyte number,cortisol level,the expressions of interleukin-1β(IL-1β),Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4),and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain like protein 2(NOD2)were higher at significant levels in the L group than those in the other two ***4 and NOD2 are usually related with the bacterial infections;therefore,it is reasonable to believe that the stronger immune responses observed in the L group might be related with the higher abundance of *** in the inte stine of Atlantic ***,these findings demonstrated that low DO level may induce stronger immunity responses in Atlantic salmon.

关键词： Atlantic salmon dissolved oxygen(DO) immune responses microbiota intestine

Tailoring Optical and Plasmon Resonances in Core-shell and Core-multishell Nanowires for Visible Range Negative Refraction and Plasmonic Light Harvesting:A Review

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2015年第6期31卷 533-541页

作者： sarath Ramadurgam Tzu-Ging Lin Chen Yang Department of Physics and Astronomy Purdue University Department of Chemistry Purdue University

Semiconductor nanowires(NWs) are sub-wavelength structures which exhibit strong optical(Mie)resonances in the visible *** addition to such optical resonances,the localized surface plasmon resonances(LSPRs) in metal-semiconductor core-shell(CS) and core-multishell(CMS) NWs can be tailored to achieve novel negative-index metamaterials(N1M),extreme absorbers,invisibility cloaks and ***,in this review,we focus on our recent theoretical studies which highlight the versatility of CS and CMS NWs for:1) the design of negative-index metamaterials in the visible range and2) plasmonic light harvesting in ultrathin photocatalyst layers for water *** the LSPR in the metal layer and the magnetic dipole(Mie) resonance in the semiconductor shell under transverse electric(TE) polarization,semiconductor-metal-semiconductor CMS NWs can be designed to exhibit spectrally overlapping electric and magnetic resonances in the visible *** exhibiting such double resonances can be considered as meta-atoms and arrayed to form polarization dependent,low-loss ***,by tuning the LSPR in the TE polarization and the optical resonance in the transverse magnetic(TM) polarization of metal-photocatalyst CS and semiconductor-metal-photocatalyst CMS NWs,the absorption within ultrathin(sub-50 nm) photocatalyst layers can be substantially ***,aluminum and copper based NWs provide absorption enhancement remarkably close to silver and gold based NWs,***,such absorption is polarization independent and remains high over a large range of incidence angles and permittivity of the ***,due to the tunability of their optical properties,CS and CMS NWs are expected to be vital components for the design of nanophotonic devices.

关键词： Nanowires Core-shell Core-multishell Negative refr

Role of PET-CT (Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography) in Cancer Evaluation and Treatment

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World Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology 2022年第1期12卷 11-20页

作者： Balireddy Vasundhara Pottumuthu Hemalatha Pakalapati Satya sarath Kumar Raju Department of Physics GITAM Institute of Science GITAM University Visakhapatnam India Department of Nuclear Medicine & PETCT Omega Hospitals Hyderabad India

Context: Positron emission tomography is a nuclear medicine imaging that deals with physiological function using radioisotopes. With the most PET (Positron Emission Tomography) scanners in integration with the CT scanners of late, this technology has registered phenomenal growth. The small amount of radioactive material is called Radiotracers. Objective: Like 18F- Fluro-deoxy-2-glucose has widely used. In this article, the author introduced clinical applications of PET out of 25 patients who studied hypermetabolic lesions in lymph nodes. Methods: PET imaging is coincidence imaging which is different from the other imaging technique PET image formed from multiple rings of detector crystals. Each decay positron travel in tissue annihilation reaction is going on. FDG is the most commonly used radiotracer to detect and stage various types of malignancies. Result: The field of PET/CT imaging cares for many oncology patients. PET improved localization of malignant lesions. It improved staging biopsy and therapy. Conclusion: Finally, studies to data showed 4% to 10% improvement in the overall accuracy of staging/restaging in lesions. If we use Monte Carlo simulation, OLINDA/EXM software may improve further with widely used.

关键词： Positron Emission Tomography Radio Isotopes Lymphoma Neo-Plasmas

Modeling and optimal design of LLC resonant converter using whale optimization algorithm

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International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 2018年第6期9卷 211-233页

作者： K.S.sarath S.Sekar Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Hindustan University PadurKelambakam ChennaiTamil Nadu-603103India

Resonant converter(RC)was brought under research in the 80’s widely,which can attain very small switching loss,therefore,facilitating resonant topologies to function at the high switching *** is well addressed in the review that the optimal parameterization of the resonant converter is a crucial *** the literature has come out with different methodologies,they are highly conceptual and so the uncertainty due to high theoretical impact *** paper intends to develop a Parameter Optimization(PO)algorithm for designing and developing of *** proposed algorithm overwhelms the limitation by introducing a nonconceptual model based on the simulated ***,the resonant current under start-up conditions is acquired from the literary outcome,and the intelligent model is *** on the proposed model,a renowned search algorithm called as Whale Optimization Algorithm(WOA)is exploited to optimize the time constant of the resonant converter,which is a critical design *** objective model is derived as a function of start-up time and so the start-up time can be ***,the response speed of the output voltage is also *** proposed Whale Optimization Algorithm based Parameter Optimization(WOAPO)is compared with the conventional techniques such as IAPO,Ant Bee Colony-PO(ABC-PO),Particle Swarm Optimization-PO(PSOPO),FireFly PO(FFPO)and Grey Wolf Optimization(GWOPO).The obtained result verifies the performance of the proposed method in modeling LLC-RC system.

关键词： LLC resonant converter parameter optimization whale optimization output voltage resonant inductor current,RMSE.