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Direct Approaches in l2 Instruction:A Turning Point in Communicative language Teaching?(Ⅰ)

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基础教育外语教学研究 2023年第7期 27-30页

作者： Marianne Celce-Murcia Zoltan Dornyei sarah Thurrell University of California Eotvos University

In 1990 Richards argued that there were two major approaches to teaching speaking skills,an indirect approach,"inwhich conversational competence is seen as the product of engaging learners in conversational interaction"(p.76),and a direct approach,which"6involvesplanninga conversational programme around the specific micro skills,strategies,and processes that are involved in fluent conversation"(p.77).

关键词： conversational teaching approach

Age predicts the absence of caloric-induced vertigo

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Journal of Otology 2018年第1期13卷 5-9页

作者： Gary P.Jacobson Erin G.Piker sarah l.Grantham lauren N.English Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences Divisions of Audiology and Vestibular Sciences Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville TN USA Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders James Madison University Harrisonburg VA USA

Introduction: The absence of vertigo during the caloric test, despite a robust response, has been suggested to represent a central vestibular system phenomenon. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the prevalence of absent caloric-induced vertigo perception in an unselected group of patients and to assess possible predicting ***: Prospective investigation of 92 unselected patients who underwent caloric testing. Inclusion criteria were that each patient generate a maximum slow phase velocity(maxSPV) > 15 deg/sec and a caloric asymmetry of≤10%. Following the caloric, patients were asked, "Did you have any sensation of motion?"Results: Results showed 75% of patients reported motion with a mean age of 56.51 years compared to a mean age of 66.55 in the 25% of patients reporting an absence of motion. A logistic regression was performed and the overall model was statistically significant accounting for 29% of the variance in caloric perception. The significant predictor variables were patient age and maxSPV of the caloric response. The effect size for both variables was small with an odds ratio of.9 for maxSPV and 1.06 for ***: The current investigation showed that both age and maxSPV of the caloric response were significant predictors of vertigo perception during the caloric exam. However, the association between age and caloric perception is not conclusive. Although there is evidence to suggest that these findings represent age-related changes in the central processing of vestibular system stimulation, there are additional unmeasured factors that influence the perception of caloric-induced vertigo.

关键词： Vestibular Vertigo Central processing Caloric test Aging

MEMS inductor fabrication and emerging applications in power electronics and neurotechnologies

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2021年第4期7卷 1-22页

作者： Hoa Thanh le Rubaiyet I.Haque Ziwei Ouyang Seung Woo lee shelley I.Fried Ding Zhao Min Qiu Anpan Han The Rowland Institute at Harvard Harvard UniversityCambridgeMAUSA Department of Mechanical Engineering Technical University of DenmarkLyngbyDenmark Department of Electrical Engineering Technical University of DenmarkLyngbyDenmark Department of Neurosurgery Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Boston VA Healthcare System BostonMAUSA Key laboratory of 3D Micro/Nano Fabrication and Characterization of Zhejiang Province School of EngineeringWestlake UniversityHangzhouChina Institute of Advanced Technology Westlake Institute for Advanced StudyHangzhouChina

MEMS inductors are used in a wide range of applications in micro-and nanotechnology,including RF MEMS,sensors,power electronics,and *** technologies set the boundary conditions for inductor design and their electrical and mechanical *** review provides a comprehensive overview of state-of-the-art MEMS technologies for inductor fabrication,presents recent advances in 3D additive fabrication technologies,and discusses the challenges and opportunities of MEMS inductors for two emerging applications,namely,integrated power electronics and *** the four top-down MEMS fabrication approaches,3D surface micromachining and through-substrate-via(TSV)fabrication technology have been intensively studied to fabricate 3D inductors such as solenoid and toroid in-substrate TSV *** 3D inductors are preferred for their high-quality factor,high power density,and low parasitic capacitance,in-substrate TSV inductors offer an additional unique advantage for 3D system integration and efficient thermal *** features make in-substrate TSV inductors promising to achieve the ultimate goal of monolithically integrated power *** another perspective,3D bottom-up additive techniques such as ice lithography have great potential for fabricating inductors with geometries and specifications that are very challenging to achieve with established MEMS ***,we discuss inspiring and emerging research opportunities for MEMS inductors.

关键词： inductor power lithography

Data-Driven Microstructure and Microhardness Design in Additive Manufacturing Using a Self-Organizing Map

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Engineering 2019年第4期5卷 730-735页

作者： Zhengtao Gan Hengyang li sarah J.Wolff Jennifer l.Bennett Gregory Hyatt Gregory J.Wagner Jian Cao Wing Kam liu Department of Mechanical Engineering Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIL 60208USA DMG MORI Hoffman EstatesIL 60192USA

To design microstructure and microhardness in the additive manufacturing(AM)of nickel(Ni)-based superalloys,the present work develops a novel data-driven approach that combines physics-based models,experimental measurements,and a data-mining *** simulation is based on a computational thermal-fluid dynamics(CtFD)model,which can obtain thermal behavior,solidification parameters such as cooling rate,and the dilution of solidified *** on the computed thermal information,dendrite arm spacing and microhardness are estimated using well-tested mechanistic *** microstructure and microhardness are determined and compared with the simulated values for *** visualize process-structure-properties(PSPs)linkages,the simulation and experimental datasets are input to a data-mining model-a self-organizing map(SOM).The design windows of the process parameters under multiple objectives can be obtained from the visualized *** proposed approaches can be utilized in AM and other data-intensive ***-driven linkages between process,structure,and properties have the potential to benefit online process monitoring control in order to derive an ideal microstructure and mechanical properties.

关键词： Additive manufacturing Data science Multiphysics modeling Self-organizing map Microstructure Microhardness Ni-based superalloy

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皮肤及软组织感染治疗进展

英国医学杂志中文版 2017年第3期20卷 162-173页

作者： sarah l McClain Dennis l Stevens 王琪吴晓初 Bolse Veterans Affairs Medical Center 500 W Fort St Boise ID 83702 USA University of Washington School of Medicine Seattle WA 98195 USA 南京医科大学附属无锡市第二人民医院皮肤科中华皮肤科杂志编辑部

门诊与住院患者中，皮肤及软组织感染是最常见的感染性疾病。由于细菌对抗生素的耐药逐渐增多，抗生素经验性治疗越来越困难。此外，最新的皮肤及软组织感染指南由美国传染病学会于2014年发表，距今已有2年。目前治疗皮肤及软组织感染... 详细信息

门诊与住院患者中，皮肤及软组织感染是最常见的感染性疾病。由于细菌对抗生素的耐药逐渐增多，抗生素经验性治疗越来越困难。此外，最新的皮肤及软组织感染指南由美国传染病学会于2014年发表，距今已有2年。目前治疗皮肤及软组织感染性疾病已有新型抗生素可供使用，而更多的药物仍在研发中。该综述总结了那些新的或仍在完善的，以及有老药新用潜能的抗生素的治疗证据。该文探讨了这些治疗方法的临床疗效。

关键词：软组织管理医疗感染皮肤

PEX16 contributions to peroxisome import and metabolism revealed by viable Arabidopsis pex16 mutants

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2019年第7期61卷 853-870页

作者： sarah E.Burkhart Roxanna J.llinas Bonnie Bartel Department of BioSciences Rice University

Peroxisomes rely on peroxins(PEX proteins) for biogenesis, importing membrane and matrix proteins, and fission. PEX16, which is implicated in peroxisomal membrane protein targeting and forming nascent peroxisomes from the endoplasmic reticulum(ER), is unusual among peroxins because it is inserted co-translationally into the ER and localizes to both ER and peroxisomal membranes. PEX16 mutations in humans, yeast, and plants confer some common peroxisomal defects; however, apparent functional differences have impeded the development of a unified model for PEX16 action. The only reported pex16 mutant in plants, the Arabidopsis shrunken seed1 mutant, is inviable,complicating analysis of PEX16 function after embryogenesis. Here, we characterized two viable Arabidopsis pex16 alleles that accumulate negligible PEX16 protein levels. Both mutants displayed impaired peroxisome function-slowed consumption of stored oil bodies, decreased import of matrix proteins, and increased peroxisome size. Moreover,one pex16 allele exhibited reduced growth that could be alleviated by an external fixed carbon source, decreased responsiveness to peroxisomally processed hormone precursors, and worsened or improved peroxisome function in combination with other pex mutants. Because the mutations impact different regions of the PEX16 gene, these viable pex16 alleles allow assessment of the importance of Arabidopsis PEX16 and its functional domains.

关键词： pex16 mutants peroxisome metabolism

local perceptions of the conversion of cropland to forestland program in Jiangxi, Shaanxi, and Sichuan, China

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Journal of Forestry Research 2019年第5期30卷 1833-1847页

作者： Guangyu Wang Oliver Z.Ma liguo Wang Anil Shrestha Baozhang Chen Feng Mi Shirong liu Xiaomin Guo sarah Eshpeter John l.Innes Asia Forest Research Centre Faculty of ForestryUniversity of British Columbia2424 Main MallVancouverBCCanada land Resources and Environmental College Jiangxi Agricultural UniversityZhimin RdJingkai DistrictNanchang City 330004JiangxiPeople’s Republic of China State Key laboratory of Resources and Environment Information System Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesNo.11A Datun RoadChaoyang DistrictBeijing 100101People’s Republic of China College of Business and Economics Beijing Forestry University#35 Qinghua East RdHaidian DistrictBeijing 100083People’s Republic of China Chinese Academy of Forestry Dongxiaofu No.1Haidian DistrictBeijing 100091People’s Republic of China

Numerous land-use policies have been implemented in China in recent decades for ecological restoration and conservation to reduce environmental disasters and promote environmental *** of these policies follow a top-down approach to implementation and as such,emphasize the hierarchical control within government *** understanding of local perceptions of land-use policies is important if the disconnect between policy makers and the target population is to be reduced and if program support is to *** study aimed to help improve local implementation,attitude toward,and engagement by examining the influence of socio-economic characteristics on the target population’s(local farmers)perception of the conversion of cropland to forestland program(CFPP)land use policy in Jiangxi,Sichuan,and Shaanxi *** uses logistical regression models,with robust aspects of perception including confidence,support,transparency,prospects,fairness,and willingness to *** indicate that social aspects as well as economic aspects are most important in influencing farmers’perceptions towards the *** farmers who have received technical support,rural male habitants,educated,and non-middle-aged farmers exhibit more positive perceptions of the program and are much more likely to support it,whereas farmers without any technical support or formal education,and female and middle-aged farmers are less likely to support the ***,this study also reveals the differences in responses,experiences and perceptions of the farmers living across different *** empirical results provide insight into the influence of socio-economic characteristics on the perception of farmers towards land-use policies,which has important implications for designing targeted policy instruments and increasing farmer support for these *** knowledge can be harnessed and further evaluated in future research to improve citizen engagement,support

关键词： Forest policy Ecological restoration local perception Social sustainability land-use and change China

Preliminary evaluation of a decision support tool for biochar amendment

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Biochar 2020年第1期2卷 93-105页

作者： Claire l.Phillips sarah E.light Adam lindsley Thomas A.Wanzek Kylie M.Meyer Kristin M.Trippe USDA-ARS Forage Seed and Cereal Research Unit 3450 SW Campus WayCorvallisOR 97331USA University of California Cooperative Extension 142A Garden HighwayYuba CityCA 95991USA Department of Crop and Soil Science Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331USA

Meta-analyses have shown that only about half of biochar addition studies report improved plant *** improve yield response,here we describe a decision support tool(DST)for selecting a biochar type and amendment rate to meet soil and crop management goals,based on soil and biochar tests values and crop requirements as reported by regional extension *** data from a greenhouse wheat trial,we assessed whether this approach could predict changes in soil chemistry and whether it could identify soils in which amendment would stimulate crop *** data indicated that the DST could provide semi-quantitative predictions of biochar amendment rates needed to meet target soil pH levels,with recommended rates averaging 25%higher than were *** DST was better at predicting biochar application rates to provision P and *** six soil types,post-harvest measurements of extractable-K showed an average 104%recovery of the quantities estimated to be provisioned by conifer wood or wheat straw ***-P recovery averaged 101%in two sandy soils with low P-retention but was considerably lower in four soils with higher P-retention ***-house data also showed that wheat growth improved only when biochar alleviated pH that was substantially below critical thresholds for plant growth,and supported the principle of using crop-specific pH requirements as part of an approach for biochar *** field trials that evaluate yield responses in several nutrient-deficient or acidified soils will be needed to provide a robust evaluation of this DST.

关键词： Wheat liming Phosphorous Potassium Yield response

Comparison of the extrusion rate of Crawford tubes

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2015年第4期8卷 791-793页

作者： Kira l.Segal sarah H.Van Tassel Charles Kim Nicole Hsu Ashutosh Kacker Gary J.lelli Jr Department of Ophthalmology Weill Cornell Medical College Department of Otolaryngology Weill Cornell Medical College

· AIM: To compare the outcomes of dacryocystorhinostomy(DCR) using traditional Crawford tubes(TCT) and Crawford tubes with suture(CTS) in the lumen.· METHODS: Retrospective case series consisting of patients who underwent DCR between 2008 and 2013.·RESUlTS: A total of 61 DCRs were performed on 50 patients. Patients who underwent DCR using CTS had higher rates of prolapse compared to the TCT group(50% vs 9.4%; P =0.003). Stent removal occurred earlier in patients who received CTS(3.3mo vs 5.1mo; P =0.004). Success rates were equivalent between the two groups(75% vs 81.1%; P =0.684).·CONClUSION: CTS in the lumen increases the risk of prolapse, prompting earlier tube removal in patients following DCR for nasolacrimal duct obstruction(NlDO).Earlier removal of tubes does not appear to significantly decrease success rates.

关键词： nasolacrimal duct obstruction dacryocystorhinostomy dacryocystitis