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Adding Sputum Collection and Transportation Services for Early Identification TB Cases in Hard-to-Reach Difficult Terrain—Will It Help?

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Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2017年第4期5卷 220-228页

作者： Badri Thapa Banuru Muralidhara Prasad sarabjit singh chadha Subrat Mohanty Deepak R. Mishra Jamie Tonsing TB and Communicable Disease Department International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease South-East Asia Regional Office New Delhi India

A community engagement project was designed and implemented to reach 10.6 million population in 13 districts of Uttarakhand state—India, to identify presumptive TB patients (PTBPs) and link to free diagnostics services, either through referral or sputum collection and transportation (SCT). The objective of this study is to determine additional yield of TB patients achieved by providing SCT services in comparison to referrals of PTBPs identified in hard-to-reach areas. This was before and after comparative study conducted between April-June 2014 (2Q2014-before) to July-September 2014 (3Q2014-after). SCT was advised for all PTBPs identified from community level interventions between July-September 2014 (3Q2014-after). In 3Q2014, additional 279 (34%) PTBPs were examined in the microscopy centre with an additional 36 (51%) new smear positive (NSP) patient diagnosed. A total of 46 NSP (128%) were contributed by SCT alone. Higher proportion (94%) of TB patients was initiated on treatment in 3Q2014 in comparison to 2Q2014 (91%). SCT as a strategy for early case detection in hard-to-reach difficult terrain yields positive results in comparison to mere referral of PTBPs.

关键词： Hard-to-Reach Sputum Collection and Transportation India Tuberculosis Project Axshya

Asymptomatic Screening of Clients on Opioid Substitution Therapy for Tuberculosis: An Experience from India

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Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2019年第3期7卷 131-134页

作者： Banuru Muralidhara Prasad Mandeep singh Mukesh Gupta Thekkur K. Pruthu Rajeev Kumar Parmesh C. Bhatnagar sarabjit singh chadha The International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (The Union) New Delhi India Medical Officer at OST Centre Government of Punjab Jalandhar Punjab India Radiologist at Private Health Facility Jalandhar Punjab India Voluntary Health Association of India (VHAI) New Delhi India Foundation for Innovate New Diagnosis (FIND) New Delhi India

Clients on Opioid Substitution Therapy (OST) may be at risk of TB. We screened for tuberculosis in asymptomatic OST clients using Chest-X-ray (CXR) and sputum from those with CXR suggestive of TB were tested using Xpert MTB/Rif. Among 472 who underwent CXR, 0.1% had CXR suggestive of TB. The number needed to screen was 118 clients for one CXR suggestive of TB. All four clients with CXR suggestive of TB underwent MTB/Rif assay and one was diagnosed with TB. The TB patient was asymptomatic and could have been missed through the passive approach. We recommend further studies to explore ACF among OST clients.

关键词： OST Tuberculosis Active Case Finding Screening Chest X-Ray

Defect elimination in green sand casting using simulation techniques:A case study

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International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 2020年第5期11卷 1-19页

作者： sarabjit singh Neeraj Sharma Rajesh Khanna Department of Mechanical Engineering DAV University Jalandhar 144012PunjabIndia Department of Mechanical Engineering Maharishi Markandeshwar(Deemed to be University)Mullana 133207 AmbalaIndia International Tractors Ltd. HoshiarpurPunjabIndia

The Reynolds number of molten metal flowing mold cavity causes bulk turbulence and is the main cause of defects like shrinkage porosity and sand *** housings with shrinkage porosity at critical bearing bores and surface made the casting *** old gating casting areas of perimeters 290mm and 264mm of transmission housing,Reynolds numbers were observed as 16307 and 13806,respectively using simulation *** were collected from experiments to change casting area perimeters from 785mm and 785mm along with the addition of overlap *** Reynolds numbers at two locations were observed as 3705 and 3393,*** metal pressure,velocity and temperature results were related for final shrinkage results of the components on full *** purpose of the study is to reduce shrinkage and porosity defects in green sand casting part using MAGMAS simulation *** outcome was the reduction of casting machining rejection in transmission housing casting from 5.8%0.7%with savings of approximately 0.13 million USD over the period of 14 *** of this work include casting defects study and reduction in different grades and weight range.

关键词： Green sand casting gating system Reynolds number grey cast iron shrinkage porosity MAGMAS software

Pharmacological and analytical aspects of alkannin/shikonin and their derivatives:An update from 2008 to 2022

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Chinese Herbal Medicines 2022年第4期14卷 511-527页

作者： Kirandeep Kaur Rashi Sharma Atamjit singh Shivani Attri Saroj Arora sarabjit Kaur Neena Bedi Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Guru Nanak Dev UniversityAmritsar 143005India Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences Guru Nanak Dev UniversityAmritsar 143005India

Alkannin/shikonin(A/S)and their derivatives are naturally occurring naphthoquinones majorly found in Boraginaceae family *** are integral constituents of traditional Chinese medicine Zicao(roots of Lithospermum erythrorhizon).In last two decades significant increase in pharmacological investigations on alkannin/shikonin and their derivatives has been reported that resulted in discovery of their novel mechanisms in various diseases and *** review throws light on recently conducted pharmacological investigations on alkannin/shikonin and their derivatives and their *** analytical aspects are also discussed and brief summary of patent applications on inventions containing alkannin/shikonin and its derivatives is also provided.

关键词： alkannin naphthoquinones patents shikonin