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Pancreatic adenocarcinoma:Beyond first line,where are we?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第17期27卷 1847-1863页

作者： sara Cherri Silvia Noventa Alberto Zaniboni Department of Oncology Fondazione PoliambulanzaBrescia 25124Italy

Pancreatic cancer is considered one of the most aggressive cancers,with an increasing incidence in recent *** date,chemotherapy is still the standard of care for advanced metastatic disease,unfortunately providing only a slight advantage in terms of *** molecular and cellular characteristics of pancreatic cancer cells,as well as the cells that characterize the pancreatic tumour microenvironment,are the basis of the mechanisms of resistance to *** progression during first-line treatment,few patients are eligible for secondline treatment due to the loss of performance *** date,a clear survival advantage has not yet been demonstrated for second-line *** medicine could be the key to increasing responses to cancer treatment and finally impacting survival in this difficult-to-treat *** this review,we analyze current recommendations in the second-line setting and potential future prospects.

关键词： Pancreatic adenocarcinoma Second-line Chemotherapy Targeted therapy Immunotherapy

Solid lipid nanoparticles for nose to brain delivery of haloperidol:in vitro drug release and pharmacokinetics evaluation

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2014年第6期4卷 454-463页

作者： mohd Yasir Udai Vir Singh sara Department of Pharmacy Uttarakhand Technical UniversityDehradun 248007UttarakhandIndia Department of Pharmaceutics ITS Pharmacy CollegeMuradnagarGhaziabad 201206Uttar PradeshIndia College of Pharmaceutical Sciences Raj Kumar Goel Institute of TechnologyGhaziabad 201201Uttar PradeshIndia

In the present study,haloperidol(HP)-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles(SLNs)were prepared to enhance the uptake of HP to brain via intranasal(i.n.)*** were prepared by a modified emulsification-diffusion technique and evaluated for particle size,zeta potential,drug entrapment efficiency,in vitro drug release,and *** parameters were found to be in an acceptable *** vitro drug release was found to be 94.1674.78%after 24 h and was fitted to the Higuchi model with a very high correlation coefficient(R2¼0.9941).Pharmacokinetics studies were performed on albino Wistar rats and the concentration of HP in brain and blood was measured by high performance liquid *** brain/blood ratio at 0.5 h for HP-SLNs i.n.,HP *** HP *** 1.61,0.17 and 0.031,respectively,indicating direct nose-to-brain transport,bypassing the blood-brain *** maximum concentration(Cmax)in brain achieved from *** of HP-SLNs(329.17720.89 ng/mL,Tmax 2 h)was significantly higher than that achieved after i.v.(76.9577.62 ng/mL,Tmax 1 h),and i.n.(90.1376.28 ng/mL,Tmax 2 h)administration of HP *** highest drug-targeting efficiency(2362.43%)and direct transport percentage(95.77%)was found with HP-SLNs as compared to the other *** DTE(%)and DTP(%)suggest that HP-SLNs have better brain targeting efficiency as compared to other formulations.

关键词： Brain targeting Haloperidol Intranasal route Pharmacokinetics Solid lipid nanoparticles

Detection and management of oligometastatic disease in oesophageal cancer and identification of prognostic factors: A systematic review

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2019年第9期11卷 741-749页

作者： sara Jamel Karina Tukanova Sheraz markar Department Surgery and Cancer Imperial College London

BACKGROUND Oesophageal cancer is the eighth most common cancer *** prognosis of oesophageal cancer patients still remains *** 5-year survival rate rarely exceeds 5%in case of metastatic *** patients may however present with oligometastasis which can be treated with loco-regional *** To assess the current practice regarding the management of patients with oligometastatic oesophageal cancer and identify prognostic factors affecting survival following treatment for *** A systematic search of the literature was performed in Cochrance Library,mEDLINE and EmBASE databases from September 1950 to January *** electronic databases were searched for studies assessing the clinical outcome of *** A total of 14 publications were included,of which 12 studies assessing metachronous oligometastasis and 2 on synchronous *** included articles evaluated the specific outcomes of metastasis,management modality and survival *** majority of the patients presented with oesophageal squamous cell *** median disease free interval(time to recurrence)in patients was 19.6 mo and the overall survival reached 30.8 *** prognostic factors were assessed in eight studies and included time to recurrencemo,large diameter pulmonary lesions(>20 mm),disease free interval(DFI)mo,extra-pulmonary metastasis,primary tumour pathological stage III/*** Oligometastatic oesophageal cancer in selected patients is amenable to locoregional treatment,and the overall survival of this patient cohort may be improved with patient and tumour-specific treatments.

关键词： Oligometastasis Oesophageal cancer Neoplasm Liver Pulmonary

New drugs for the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2021年第11期13卷 1551-1560页

作者： sara Cherri michela Libertini Alberto Zaniboni Department of Oncology Fondazione PoliambulanzaBrescia 25124Italy

Colorectal cancer(CRC)represents one of the most frequent malignancies in terms of incidence and mortality,thus representing the third leading cause of cancer death *** the last decade,few drugs have enriched the treatment landscape of metastatic CRC and have significantly affected *** other neoplasms,metastatic CRC patients who have exhausted treatment options often still maintain a good performance *** are many challenges to increasing potential treatment options,notably a better understanding of disease biology and the mechanisms of resistance underlying cancer treatment *** development of new drugs for metastatic CRC certainly represents one of the most important challenges in medical *** article discusses the main limitations in the development of new drugs and potential future *** particular,we addressed three questions:(1)The main limitations of targeted therapy in the treatment of metastatic CRC(mCRC);(2)New target armamentarium that could escape primary and secondary resistance and lead to more personalized mCRC therapy;and(3)Future directions.

关键词： Colon cancer Colon rectal cancer New drugs Drug resistance metastatic colorectal cancer

Isolated colonic neurofibroma, a rare tumor: A case report and review of literature

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2020年第10期8卷 1932-1938页

作者： sara Ghoneim Sonia Sandhu Dalbir Sandhu Department of Internal medicine Case Western Reserve University at MetroHealth Medical CenterClevelandOH 44109United States Department of Hematology and Oncology Cleveland Clinic Akron GeneralClevelandOH 44307United States Division of Gastroenterology Case Western Reserve University at MetroHealth Medical CenterClevelandOH 44109United States

BACKGROUND Neurofibromas are tumors comprised of peripheral nerve sheath and connective tissue *** can occur sporadically or as part of familial syndromes such as neurofibromatosis type *** colonic neurofibroma without systemic manifestations is a rarely reported clinical *** we present a case of a 51 years old male with an isolated colonic neurofibroma seen on a screening *** SUmmARY Fifty-one years old male who was otherwise healthy without a significant family history of cancer underwent a screening colonoscopy and was found have a 2.3 cm×1.4 cm lesion in the *** biopsy revealed a spindle cell *** resonance imaging of the pelvis was negative for *** underwent an endoscopic ultrasound that showed an ill-defined avascular lesion of mixed echogenicity measuring 2.8 cm×15.2 cm in the submucosa with no communication with muscularis mucosa or *** staining of the tumor was strongly positive for S100,with rare penetrating axons deep within the *** cells were negative for c-kit and desmin and had low Ki-67 *** findings were consistent with a solitary colonic submucosal neurofibroma.A detailed history and physical examination did not reveal any evidence of extraintestinal *** underwent transanal surgical resection of the *** patient tolerated the procedure well without any *** While neurofibromas have been well described in literature,an isolated colonic neurofibroma is a rare pathological *** transformation of neurofibromas has been reported in patients with neurofibromatosis *** report a case of isolated colonic neurofibroma and highlight the importance of resection due to the increased risk of tumorigenesis.

关键词： Neurofibroma Colonoscopy Neurofibromatosis type 1 Neurofibromatosis type 2 Spindle cell tumor Endoscopic ultrasound Case report

Laboratory diagnosis of COVID-19 in secondary care hospitals in India:will standalone serology suffice?

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2021年第1期17卷 8-9页

作者： sara Chandy Sundaram Balasubramanian Anand manoharan molecular Laboratory The CHILDS Trust Medical Research FoundationChennaiTamil Nadu 600034India Department of Pediatrics Kanchi Kamakoti CHILDS Trust HospitalChennaiTamil Nadu 600034India

RT-PCR is the accepted gold standard for diagnosis of *** specificity of RT-PCR is very good,but its sensitivity largely depends on the type of sample collected,timing of collection,clinical sampling protocol,and nucl... 详细信息

关键词： diagnosis specificity clinical

Toll-like receptor-mediated signaling cascade as a regulator of the inflammation network during alcoholic liver disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第44期20卷 16443-16451页

作者： sara Ceccarelli Valerio Nobili Anna Alisi Hepato-metabolic Disease Unit and Liver Research Unit Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital IRCCS

Chronic abuse of alcohol leads to various histological abnormalities in the liver. These are conditions collectively known as alcoholic liver disease(ALD). Currently, ALD is considered to be one of the major causes of death worldwide. An impaired intestinal barrier with related endotoxemia is among the various pathogenetic factors. This is mainly characterized by circulating levels of lipopolysaccharide(LPS), considered critical for the onset of intra-hepatic inflammation. This in turn promotes hepatocellular damage and fibrosis in ALD. Elevated levels of LPS exert their effects by binding to Toll-like receptors(TLRs) which are expressed by all liver-resident cells. The activation of TLR signaling triggers an overproduction and release of some cytokines, which promote an autocatalytic cascade of other proinflammatory signals. In this review, we provide an overview of the mechanisms that sustain LPS-mediated activation of TLR signaling, reporting current experimental and clinical evidence of its role during inflammation in ALD.

关键词： Alcoholic liver disease Toll-like receptors Inflammation Cirrhosis Nuclear factor-κ B Cytokines

Development and assessment of artificial neural network models for direct normal solar irradiance forecasting using operational numerical weather prediction data

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Energy and AI 2024年第1期15卷 88-101页

作者： sara Pereira Paulo Canhoto Rui Salgado Institute of Earth Sciences University ofÉvoraRua Romãao Ramalho 597000-671ÉvoraPortugal Department of mechatronics Engineering University of´EvoraRua Romãao Ramalho 597000-671ÉvoraPortugal Physics Department University of´EvoraRua Romãao Ramalho 597000-671ÉvoraPortugal

Accurate operational solar irradiance forecasts are crucial for better decision making by solar energy system operators due to the variability of resource and energy *** numerical weather prediction(NWP)models can forecast solar radiation variables,they often have significant errors,particularly in the direct normal irradiance(DNI),which is especially affected by the type and concentration of aerosols and *** paper presents a method based on artificial neural networks(ANN)for generating operational DNI forecasts using weather and aerosol forecasts from the European Center for medium-range Weather Forecasts(ECmWF)and the Copernicus Atmospheric monitoring Service(CAmS),*** ANN models were designed:one uses as input the predicted weather and aerosol variables for a given instant,while the other uses a period of the improved DNI forecasts before the forecasted *** models were developed using observations for the location of´Evora,Portugal,resulting in 10 min DNI forecasts that for day 1 of forecast horizon showed an improvement over the downscaled original forecasts regarding R2,mAE and RmSE of 0.0646,21.1 W/m^(2)and 27.9 W/m^(2),*** model was also evaluated for different timesteps and locations in southern Portugal,providing good agreement with experimental data.

关键词： Solar radiation Solar energy Numerical weather prediction Artificial neural network Operational forecasting

Production and evaluation of novel functional extruded corn snacks fortified with ginger,bay leaves and turmeric powder

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Food Production, Processing and Nutrition 2022年第1期4卷 41-57页

作者： sara Adel Amer Ayat Ebrahim Rizk Special Food and Nutrition Research Department Food Technology Research Institute.Agricultural Research Center9 Gamaa StreetGizaEgypt

Extruded corn snacks are accepted by all human ages especially children, but they have low functional value. Therefore, corn extruded snacks contain rich nutraceuticals dried herbs including Laurus nobilis (T1), Curcuma longa (T2), Zingiber officinale Roscoe (T3), and the mixture of these herbs (T4) were manufactured and analyzed. The results declared that all the herbal extruded corn snacks had significantly higher ash, fibers, minerals, and vitamins A and B6. For minerals, the highest percent of increase compared to control was achieved by Fe, K, Ca, Zn content in order, being the highest in T4. The contents of Vitamin A and B6 were ranged from 283 to 445 IU/100 g and from 0.01 to 0.08 mg/100 g for the herbal extrudates, respectively. The increased percent in herbal corn snacks relative to control ranged from 743 to 452%, 188 to 17.6%, and from 313 to 99% for total phenolics, flavonoids, and antioxidant activity. Besides, the highest number of phenolic compounds was recorded in T4. Despite the fact that approximately all herbal extruded products had good texture and color characteristics, the best formulation was T2 and T4 corn snacks. Furthermore, the extruded products were microbiologically safe for up to 9 months. The formulation of herbal-corn snacks could fulfill consumers’ requirement for ready-to-eat-healthy foods with acceptable sensory attributes and also economically suitable for the food industry.

关键词： Ginger Laurel Turmeric Extrusion Corn snacks functional foods