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Patients’experiences with‘sludge’(administrative burden)in the cancer screening process and its relationship with screening completion,experience and health system distrust

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Family Medicine and Community health 2024年第S2期12卷 8-17页

作者： Michelle S Rockwell Brianna Chang Vivian Zagarese Jamie K Turner Ally Southworth YingXing wu Paul Yeaton Li Li Jeffrey S Stein sar.h h par.er.john w epling Department of Family and Community Medicine Virginia Tech Carilion School of MedicineRoanokeVirginiaUSA Department of Family and Community Medicine Carilion ClinicRoanokeVirginiaUSA Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine RoanokeVirginiaUSA Department of health Systems and Implementation Science Virginia Tech Carilion School of MedicineRoanokeVirginiaUSA Graduate Program in Translational Biology Medicineand HealthVirginia TechRoanokeVirginiaUSA health Analytics Research Team Carilion ClinicRoanokeVirginiaUSA Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineCarilion ClinicRoanokeVirginiaUSA Department of Family Medicine University of Virginia School of MedicineCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA Center for health Behaviors Research Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTCRoanokeVirginiaUSA

Objective‘Sludge’refers to administrative burdens or frictions that preclude people from getting what they want or need(eg,duplicative forms,complicated instructions,long waiting times).This mixed methods study evaluated patients’perceptions of sludge in the colorectal cancer(CRC)screening process and some impacts of this *** we employed an exploratory sequential mixed methods study design that comprised patient interviews and a patient *** interviews informed final survey revisions and captured contextual data about patients’experiences with *** transcripts were inductively and deductively analysed to identify overarching *** survey quantified sludge,delayed or forgone screenings,screening experience(Net Promoter Score)and health system distrust(health System Distrust Scale).we usedχ2 or t-tests for univariable comparisons and logistic or linear regressions to evaluate the association between cumulative sludge score and delayed or forgone screenings,screening experience and health system *** were integrated for *** Southeastern United *** Patients who were 45–75 years of age,at average risk for CRC and had either completed or been referred for CRC screening(colonoscopy or stool-based test)within the previous 12 *** 22 interview participants and 255 survey participants completed the study.38(15%)survey participants rated their screening experience as poor(Net Promoter Score=0–7 out of 10).The mean(SD)health System Distrust Scale score was 22.4(6.3)out of 45 possible points(higher score=greater distrust).Perceptions of sludge in the CRC screening process varied,with long waiting times and burdensome communication being the most common sources(58%and 35%of participants,respectively).Sludge was positively associated with delayed or forgone screenings(OR=1.42,95%CI 1.28,1.57,perience(OR=1.15,95%CI 1.04,1.28,p=0.009)and health system distrust(β=0.47,p

关键词： sludge screening burden

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Superior antibody and membrane protein‑specific T‑cell responses to CoronaVac by intradermal versus intramuscular routes in adolescents

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world Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第4期20卷 353-370页

作者： Jaime S.Rosa Duque Samuel M.S.Cheng Carolyn A.Cohen Daniel Leung Xiwei wang Xiaofeng Mu Yuet Chung Tsun Ming Lau Manni wang wenyue Zhang Yanmei Zhang howard h.w.wong Leo C.h.Tsang sara Chaothai Tsz Chun Kwan john K.C.Li Karl C.K.Chan Leo L.h.Luk Jenson C.h.ho wing Yan Li Amos M.T.Lee Jennifer h.Y.Lam Sau Man Chan wilfred h.S.wong Issan Y.S.Tam Masashi Mori Sophie A.Valkenburg Malik Peiris wenwei Tu Yu Lung Lau Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine The University of Hong KongHong KongChina School of Public health The University of Hong KongHong KongChina hKU‑Pasteur Research Pole School of Public HealthThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina Research Institute for Bioresources and Biotechnology Ishikawa Prefectural UniversityNonoichiJapan Department of Microbiology and Immunology Peter Doherty Institute for Infectionand ImmunityUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVICAustralia Center for Immunology and Infection C2i Hong KongChina

Background Optimising the immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines to improve their protection against disease is *** dosing by intradermal(ID)administration has been shown to be equally immunogenic as intramuscular(IM)administration for several vaccines,but the immunogenicity of ID inactivated whole severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(sarS-CoV-2)at the full dose is *** study(NCT04800133)investigated the superiority of antibody and T-cell responses of full-dose CoronaVac by ID over IM administration in *** participants aged 11–17 years received two doses of IM or ID vaccine,followed by the 3rd dose 13–42 days *** and cellular immunogenicity outcomes were measured post-dose 2(IM-CC versus ID-CC)and post-dose 3(IMCCC versus ID-CCC).Doses 2 and 3 were administered to 173 and 104 adolescents,*** Spike protein(S)immunoglobulin G(IgG),S-receptor-binding domain(RBD)IgG,S IgG Fcγreceptor IIIa(FcγRIIIa)-binding,SNM[sum of individual(S),nucleocapsid protein(N),and membrane protein(M)peptide pool]-specific interleukin-2(IL-2)+CD4^(+),SNM-specific IL-2^(+)CD8^(+),S-specific IL-2^(+)CD8^(+),N-specific IL-2^(+)CD4^(+),N-specific IL-2^(+)CD8^(+)and M-specific IL-2^(+)CD4^(+)responses fulfilled the superior and non-inferior criteria for ID-CC compared to IM-CC,whereas IgG avidity was *** ID-CCC,S-RBD IgG,surrogate virus neutralisation test,90%plaque reduction neutralisation titre(PRNT90),PRNT50,S IgG avidity,S IgG FcγRIIIa-binding,M-specific IL-2^(+)CD4^(+),interferon-γ+CD8^(+)and IL-2^(+)CD8^(+)responses were superior and non-inferior to *** estimated vaccine efficacies were 49%,52%,66%and 79%for IM-CC,ID-CC,IM-CCC and ID-CCC,*** ID groups reported more local,mild adverse *** This is the first study to demonstrate superior antibody and M-specific T-cell responses by ID inactivated sarSCoV-2 vaccination and serves as the basis for future research to improve the

关键词： CoronaVac Coronavirus disease 2019 Immunity Intradermal Vaccine

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Structural and mechanistic understanding of an active and durable graphene carbocatalyst for reduction of 4-nitrophenol at room temperature

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Nano Research 2015年第12期8卷 3992-4006页

作者： huawen hu john h. Xin hong hu Xiaowen wang Nanotechnology Centre Institute of Textiles and Clothing The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong SAR 999077 China

The development of an active, durable, and metal-free carbocatalyst that is able to replace metal-based catalysts is of increasing scientific and technological importance. The use of such a catalyst would avoid problems caused by metal- containing catalysts, for example, environmental pollution by heavy metals and depletion of rare metal resources. herein, an active and durable graphene carbocatalyst is presented for the carbocatalytic conversion of 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol at ambient temperature. The carbocatalyst was prepared via a mild, water-based reaction between L-ascorbic acid （AA） and graphene oxide （GO） and did not involve any other reactants. During the structure and catalytic property optimization, a series of carbocatalysts were fabricated at various reaction temperatures and AA/GO ratios. Using several characterization techniques, detailed structural features of these carbocatalysts were identified. Possible active species and sites on the carbocatalysts were also identified such as certain oxygen-containing groups, the ~x-conjugated system, and graphene sheet edges. In addition, the synergistic effect between these active species and sites on the resulting catalytic activity is highlighted. Furthermore, we clarified the origin of the high stability and durability of the optimized carbocatalyst. The work presented here aids the design of high-performance carbocatalysts for hydrogenation reactions, and increases understanding of the structural and mechanistic aspects at the molecular level that lead to high catalyst activity and durability.

关键词： metal-free graphene carbocatalyst activity and durability L-ascorbic acid active sites and domains synergistic effect carbocatalytic conversion of 4-nitrophenol (4NP) to 4-aminophenol (4AP)

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Identification of the metabolites of biologically active xanthones isolated from halenia elliptica *** by high performance liquid chromatography coupled to ion trap time-of-flight mass spectrometry

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2011年第7期22卷 839-842页

作者： Ru Feng Jian Gong Shi Xiao wei Liu Chun Tao Che john h.K. Yeung Yan wang Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100050 China Department of Ophthalmology Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100730 China School of Chinese Medicine The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin NT Hong Kong SAR China Department of Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin NZ Hong Kong SAR China

Metabolism study has been carried out on 1-hydroxy-2,3,5-trimethoxyxanthone （hM-1） and 1-hydroxy-2,3,4,7- tetramethoxyxanthone （hM-2）, which are two biologically active ingredients isolated from the Tibetan herb, halenia elliptica D. Don., in rat liver microsomes in vitro. A method of high performance liquid chromatography coupled to ion trap time-of-flight mass spectrometry （LCMSn-ESI-IT-TOF） was applied to analyze metabolites of hM-1 and hM-2 on line, and five metabolites were identified containing 1,5-dihydroxy-2,3-dimethoxyxanthone （hM-5）, 1,7-dihydroxy-2,3,4-trimethoxyxanthone （hM-9）, 1,4, 7- trihydroxy-2,3-dimethoxyxanthone （hM-10）, 1,4-dihydroxy-2,3,7-trimethoxyxanthone （hM-11） and 1,2-dilaydroxy-3,4,7- trimethoxyxanthone （hM-12）. Among these metabolites, hM-9, hM-11, and hM-12 were isomers mutually. The results indicated that hM-1 and hM-2 occurred Phase I metabolic reaction of demethylation in rat microsomes in vitro.

关键词： halenia elliptica Xanthone Biotransformation LCMSn-ESI-IT-TOF Metabolite identification

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Multifunctional organically modified graphene with super-hydrophobicity

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Nano Research 2014年第3期7卷 418-433页

作者： huawen hu Chan C. K. Allan Jianhua Li Yeeyee Kong Xiaowen wang john h. Xin hong hu Institute of Textiles and Clothing The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR) 999077 China

In order to bring graphene materials much closer to real world applications, it is imperative to have simple, efficient and eco-friendly ways to produce processable graphene derivatives. In this study, a hydrophilic low-temperature thermally functionalized graphene and its super-hydrophobic organically modified graphene derivative were fabricated. A unique structural topology was found and some of the oxygen functionalities were retained on the thermally functionalized graphene surfaces, which facilitated the subsequent highly effective organic modification reaction and led to the super-hydrophobic organically modified graphene with multi functional applications in liquid marbles and polymer nanocomposites. The organic modification reaction also restored the graphenic conjugated structure of the thermally functionalized graphene, particularly for organic modifiers having longer alkyl chains, as confirmed by various characteri- zation techniques such as electrical conductivity measurements, ultraviolet/visible spectroscopy and selected area electron diffraction. The free-standing soft liquid marble was fabricated by wrapping a water droplet with the super-hydrophobic organically modified graphene, and showed potential for use as a microreactor. As for the polymer nanocomposites, a strong interfacial adhesion is believed to exist between an organic polymer matrix and the modified graphene because of the organophilic coating formed on the graphene base, which resulted in large improvements in the thermal and mechanical properties of the polymer nanocomposites with the modified graphene, even at very low loading levels. A new avenue has therefore been opened up for large-scale production of processable graphene derivatives with various practicable applications.

关键词： low-temperature thermallyfunctionalized graphene organic modification organically modifiedgraphene liquid marbles polymer nanocomposites

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Aberrant cholesterol metabolic signaling impairs antitumor immunosurveillance through natural killer T cell dysfunction in obese liver

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2022年第7期19卷 834-847页

作者： wenshu Tang Jingying Zhou weiqin Yang Yu Feng haoran wu Myth T.S.Mok Lingyun Zhang Zhixian Liang Xiaoyu Liu Zhewen Xiong Xuezhen Zeng Jing wang Jiahuan Lu Jingqing Li hanyong Sun Xiaoyu Tian Philip Chun Yeung Yong hou heung Man Lee Candice C.h.Lam howard h.w.Leung Anthony w.h.Chan Ka Fai To john wong Paul B.S.Lai Kelvin K.C.Ng Simon K.h.wong Vincent w.S.wong Alice P.S.Kong Joseph J.Y.Sung Alfred S.L.Cheng school of Biomedical Sciences The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SAR 999077China Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SAR 999077China Department of Liver Surgery Ren Ji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200127China Department of Surgery The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SAR 999077China Department of Medicine and Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong Kong.Hong Kong SAR 999077China State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SAR 999077China Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore Institute of Precision Medicine The First Affliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510080China

Obesity is a major risk factor for cancers including hepatocellular carcinoma(hCC)that develops from a background of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).hypercholesterolemia is a common comorbidity of *** cholesterol biosynthesis mainly occurs in the liver,its role in hCC development of obese people remains *** high-fat high-carbohydrate diet-associated orthotopic and spontaneous NAFLD-hCC mouse models,we found that hepatic cholesterol accumulation in obesity selectively suppressed natural killer T(NKT)cell-mediated antitumor *** analysis of human liver revealed aberrant cholesterol metabolism and NKT cell dysfunction in NAFLD ***,cholesterol-lowering rosuvastatin restored NKT expansion and cytotoxicity to prevent obesogenic diet-promoted hCC ***,suppression of hepatic cholesterol biosynthesis by a mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)inhibitor vistusertib preceded tumor regression,which was abolished by NKT inactivation but not CD8^(+)T cell ***,sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2(SREBP2)-driven excessive cholesterol production from hepatocytes induced lipid peroxide accumulation and deficient cytotoxicity in NKT cells,which were supported by findings in people with obesity,NAFLD and *** study highlights mTORC1/SREBP2/cholesterol-mediated NKT dysfunction in the tumor-promoting NAFLD liver microenvironment,providing intervention strategies that invigorating NKT cells to control hCC in the obesity epidemic.

关键词： Cancer microenvironment Cancer models Tumour immunology

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Antibody and T cell responses against wild-type and Omicron sarS-CoV-2 after third-dose BNT162b2 in adolescents

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2023年第1期8卷 266-275页

作者： Xiaofeng Mu Carolyn A.Cohen Daniel Leung Jaime S.Rosa Duque Samuel M.S.Cheng Yuet Chung howard h.w.wong Amos M.T.Lee wing Yan Li Issan Y.S.Tam Jennifer h.Y.Lam Derek h.L.Lee Sau Man Chan Leo C.h.Tsang Karl C.K.Chan john K.C.Li Leo L.h.Luk sara Chaothai Kelvin K.h.Kwan Nym Coco Chu Masashi Mori Trushar Jeevan Ahmed Kandeil Richard Jwebby wenwei Tu Sophie A.Valkenburg Malik Peiris Yu Lung Lau Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine The University of Hong KongHong KongChina hKU-Pasteur Research Pole School of Public HealthThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina School of Public health The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Research Institute for Bioresources and Biotechnology Ishikawa Prefectural UniversityNonoichiJapan Department of Infectious Diseases St Jude Children’s Research HospitalMemphisTNUSA Department of Microbiology and Immunology Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and ImmunityUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVICAustralia Centre for Immunology&Infection C2i Hong KongChina

The high effectiveness of the third dose of BNT162b2 in healthy adolescents against Omicron BA.1 has been reported in some studies,but immune responses conferring this protection are not yet *** this analysis,our study(NCT04800133)aims to evaluate the humoral and cellular responses against wild-type and Omicron(BA.1,BA.2 and/or BA.5)sarS-CoV-2 before and after a third dose of BNT162b2 in healthy *** 5 months after 2 doses,S IgG,S IgG Fc receptor-binding,and neutralising antibody responses waned significantly,yet neutralising antibodies remained detectable in all tested adolescents and S IgG avidity increased from 1 month after 2 *** antibody responses and S-specific IFN-γ^(+)and IL-2^(+)CD8^(+)T cell responses were significantly boosted in healthy adolescents after a homologous third dose of *** to adults,humoral responses for the third dose were non-inferior or superior in *** S-specific IFN-γ^(+)and IL-2^(+)CD4^(+)and CD8^(+)T cell responses in adolescents and adults were comparable or ***,after 3 doses,adolescents had preserved S IgG,S IgG avidity,S IgG FcγRIIIa-binding,against Omicron BA.2,as well as preserved cellular responses against BA.1 S and moderate neutralisation levels against BA.1,BA.2 and *** from 100 and 96%of adolescents tested at 1 and 5 months after two doses could also neutralise *** study found high antibody and T cell responses,including potent cross-variant reactivity,after three doses of BNT162b2 vaccine in adolescents in its current formulation,suggesting that current vaccines can be protective against symptomatic Omicron disease.

关键词： doses neutral protective

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Evaluation and sar analysis of the cytotoxicity of tanshinones in colon cancer cells

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2014年第3期12卷 167-171页

作者： wANG Lin LIU An ZhANG Fei-Long Yeung john h.K. LI Xu-Qin ChO Chi-hin School of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong Kong Institute of Chinese Materia Medica China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Department of Chemistry University of Science and Technology Beijing

AIM:This study was designed to evaluate the anti-cancer actions of tanshinone I and tanshinone IIA,and six derivatives of tanshinone IIA on normal and cancerous colon *** activity relationship(sar) analysis was conducted to delineate the significance of the structural modifications of tanshinones for improved anti-cancer ***:Tanshinone derivatives were designed and synthesized according to the *** cytotoxicity of different compounds on colon cancer cells was determined by the MTT *** activity of the tanshinones was measured by flow cytometry(FCM).RESULTS:Tanshinone I and tanshinone IIA both exhibited significant cytotoxicity on colon cancer *** are more effective in p53+/+ colon cancer cell *** was also noted that the anti-cancer activity of tanshinone I was more potent and *** of the derivatives of tanshinone IIA(N1 and N2) also exhibited cytotoxicity on colon cancer ***:The anti-colon cancer activity of tanshinone I was more potent and selective than tanshinone IIA,and is p53 *** derivatives obtained by structural modifications of tanshinone IIA exhibited lower cytotoxicity on both normal and colon cancer *** steric and electronic characteristics point of view,it was concluded that structural modifications of ring A and furan or dihydrofuran ring D on the basic structure of tanshinones influences the *** increase of the delocalization of the A and B rings could enhance the cytotoxicity of such compounds,while a non-planar and small sized D ring region would provide improved anti-cancer activity.

关键词： Tanshinones Synthetic derivatives Colon cancer Cytotoxicity sar analysis

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Protection against Chemical warfare Agents and Biological Threats Using Metal−Organic Frameworks as Active Layers

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Accounts of Materials Research 2023年第2期4卷 168-179页

作者： Kaikai Ma Yuk ha Cheung Kent O.Kirlikovali Xiaoliang wang Timur Islamoglu john h.Xin Omar K.Farha International Institute for Nanotechnology Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwesternand Department of ChemistryNorthwestern UniversityEvanstonIllinois 60208United States Research Centre for Smart wearable Technology School of Fashion and TextilesThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloon 999077 Hong Kong SARP.R.China

The sarS-CoV-2 pandemic outbreak and the unfortunate misuse of toxic chemical warfare agents(CwAs)highlight the importance of developing functional materials to protect against these chemical and pathogen ***−organic frameworks(MOFs),which comprise a tunable class of crystalline porous materials built from inorganic nodes and organic linkers,have emerged as a class of heterogeneous catalysts capable of rapid detoxification of multiple classes of these harmful chemical or biological *** particular,zirconium-based MOFs(Zr-MOFs)feature Lewis acidic nodes that serve as active sites for a wide range of catalytic reactions,including the hydrolysis of organophosphorus nerve agents within seconds in basic aqueous *** addition,postsynthetic modification of Zr-MOFs enables the release of active species capable of reacting with and deactivating harmful *** this impressive performance,utilizing Zr-MOFs in powder form is not practical for application in masks or protective *** address this challenge,our team sought to develop MOF/fiber composite systems that could be adapted for use under realistic operating conditions to protect civilians,military personnel,and first responders from harmful pathogens and chemical warfare *** the last several years,our group has designed and fabricated reactive and biocidal MOF/fiber composites that effectively capture and deactivate these toxic *** this Account,we describe the evolution of these porous and reactive MOF/fiber composites and focus on key design challenges and ***,we devised a scalable method for the integration of Zr-MOFs onto textile substrates using aqueous precursor solutions and without using pretreated textiles,highlighting the potential scalability of this *** beyond standard textiles,we also developed a microbial synthesis strategy to prepare hierarchically porous MOF/bacterial cellulose nanofiber composite sponges that can both captu

关键词： composites protective porous

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The Market Reaction to Cross-border Listings:Evidence from Ah Listed Firms

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China & world Economy 2022年第6期30卷 183-218页

作者： john Fan Zhang School of Business Macao University of Science and TechnologyChina

This study examines the abnormal returns of Chinese firms dual-listed on the Chinese mainland(A-share)and hong Kong sar.h-share)stock *** results show that abnormal returns are more significant for the existing h-share firms cross-listing back as(h-to-A cross-listings)than for those that are the other way around(A-to-h crosslistings).Further,the A-share market is more responsive to announcements,whereas the h-share market is more responsive to actual *** analysis of the underlying mechanisms reveals that the abnormal returns of A-to-h cross-listings are associated with improved *** contrast,the abnormal returns of h-to-A cross-listings are related to an increase in *** abnormal returns for h-to-A crosslistings are driven mainly by reduced systematic risks and are more pronounced in the post-1997 ***,these results suggest that investors generally respond positivelytoAhdual listingsof Chinesefirms.

关键词： Market fir mainland

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