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Radio-Anatomical Variations of Both Origin and Foraminal Entrance of Vertebral Arteries in Black African Human: Experience from Côte d’Ivoire

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Forensic Medicine and Anatomy Research 2024年第3期12卷 27-39页

作者： Ousmane Toumany Cherif Haidara Thiam Sokhna Astou Gawane Kemesso Boubacar sanogo maïmouna Kanté Abdoulaye magaye Gaye Ongoïba Nouhoum Zunon-Kipré Yvan Kakou Konan Médard Department of Neurosciences Faculty of Medicine and Odonto-Stomatology University of Sciences Techniques and Technologies Bamako Mali Laboratory of Morphological Anatomy and Organogenesis Faculty of Medicine Pharmacy and Odonto-Stomatology Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal Laboratory of Morphological and Functional Anatomy Faculty of Medicine and Odonto-Stomatology University of Sciences Techniques and Technologies of Bamako Bamako Mali Imaging Department Fann University Hospital Center Dakar Senegal Department of Cardiovascular Surgery Fann University Hospital Center Dakar Senegal Laboratory of Morphological Anatomy and Biomechanics Faculty of Medical Sciences Flix HOUPHOUT Boigny University Abidjan Cte dIvoire

The vertebral arteries (VAs) are a system of two blood vessels through which blood is transported to the posterior cerebral fossa. VAs may emerge at different sides from the aortic ostium. The aim of our study was to establish a reference of radio-anatomical variations of the VAs in black African human from Côte d’Ivoire experience. materials and Methods: Forty patients underwent Computed Angio-Tomography (CAT) of the supra-aortic vessels (SAoVs). Included in our study were patients who underwent CAT of the SAoV from January 2019 to December 2021, those excluded in our study as Caucasians and other leucoderma humans. This exclusion allowed for highlighting only black humans VAs variations. The variations of both origins and foraminal entrance of VA were assessed. We carried out a model of univariate regression for assessing the occurrence of VA variations related to demographic included mainly age, gender and clinical features. Results: The average age was 48 ± 12 years with 0.66 of sex ratio. The most frequent indication for carrying out CAT was brain ischemic stroke assessment (25%). The atypical origin of the VAs out of subclavian arteries (SCA) was 25%. Origin from the aortic arch (AoA) was 17.5%. Six (15%) were unilateral while one (2.5%) was bilateral variation from a common trunk as pattern. Bilateral sixth cervical foramina inlet was 85%. Female sex and ischemic stroke assessment had a statistically significant correlation. Conclusion: VAs variations studies in black African human are lacking in the literature. Our findings depicted a considerable amount of VAs variations opening the field for further observational studies in black African human.

关键词： Vertebral Artery Variations Morphology Vessels Supra-Aortic Back African

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Exploring the characteristics of tourism industry by analyzing consumer review contents from social media:a case study of Bamako,mali

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2019年第3期22卷 214-222页

作者： sanogo Bruno Chao Yang Wenwen Tian Zhong Xie Yuanzheng Shao School of Geography and Information Engineering China University of GeosciencesWuhanHubeiChina Agence pour le Promotion Touristique du mali(APTM) HamdallayeBamakoMali Collaborative Innovation Center of Geospatial Technology Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina

In this Web 2.0 era,various and massive tourist experiences and reviews presented on social networks have become important information for tourism *** this paper,we apply social media to explore and study the tourism industry of Bamako,*** 2000 reviewers and their comments about Bamako’s hotels and restaurants from TripAdvisor and Facebook were ***,we integrate official tourism statistic data and field surveying data into the online review *** mining and statistic method are used to analyze the data for purpose of exploring the characteristics about tourism industry in *** we find that:(i)Most tourists are coming to Bamako for business purpose,and they incline to choose the hotels with better service and security condition;(ii)Comments on social media would greatly affect travelers’choice on hotels;(iii)Most travelers are satisfied about Bamako’s accommodation services.

关键词： Social media online reviews tourism industry study Bamako mali

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Risks and Influences of Climate Hazards for Agro-Pastoral Development and Strategies Adopted by Agro-Pastoralist Communities in the Bougouni District, mali

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American Journal of Climate Change 2023年第2期12卷 244-267页

作者： Tidiani sanogo Koudzo Sokemawu Moussa Karembe West African Science Service Center on Climate Change and Adapted Land Use WASCAL Lomé Togo DRP Climate Change and Disaster Risks management University of Lomé Lomé Togo Research Laboratory on the Dynamics of Environments and Societies Department of Geography University of Lomé Lomé Togo University of Technic and Technology Sciences of Bamako Tropical Ecology Laboratory Bamako Mali

In the southwest of mali, pastoral resources play an important role in the production and reproduction of livestock. These pastoral resources are very sensitive to climatic hazards and negatively affected their availability in quantity and quality. The main objective of this study was to analyze the risks and influences of climate hazards on pastoral resources and the strategies taken by agropastoralists to cope with them. To achieve this objective, meteorological data trends from 1950 to 2022 were analyzed. The socio-economic data were collected through a semi-structured survey administered to 404 head households, from focus groups through discussion with local stakeholders by using climatic risks matrix. The results obtained indicate a concordance between agropastoralists perception on climate change and meteorological observations concerning the decrease of rainfall (−213 mm;63.3%), the increase of maximum and minimum temperature (+1.33˚C, +1.24˚C;93.1%), and the increase of wind speed (+0.59 m/s;97%) over the past 70 years. Respondents noted a deterioration in the conditions of pastoral resources due to climatic hazards compared to the last 40 years (44.8% for watering points;23.5% for pastures;63.1% for salty lands). Agro pastoralists have adopted measures that allow them to be resilient. These include the collection and storage of crop residues (49.5%), regular watering of animals (39.6%), changing of animals rhythms driving (35.9%), protection of pruning species (31.7%), and concerted reforestation (37.9%). Climatic risk-related hazards constitute a real threat to pastorals resources in the district of Bougouni.

关键词： Focus Groups Discussion Perception on Climate Change Meteorological Observations Pastoral Resources Pruning Species

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长距离布里渊光时域分析系统的优化研究

长距离布里渊光时域分析系统的优化研究

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作者： sanogo Diakaridia 哈尔滨工业大学

学位级别：硕士

课题介绍随着光通信技术的飞速发展,光纤在其中的支柱地位越发的显著。由于在拉制过程中受到外界环境因素的影响,光纤本身特性存在着不均匀性,这对光信息的传输产生了一定的影响,但合理地利用该特性,我们能够将其应用于光纤传感领域,研... 详细信息

课题介绍随着光通信技术的飞速发展,光纤在其中的支柱地位越发的显著。由于在拉制过程中受到外界环境因素的影响,光纤本身特性存在着不均匀性,这对光信息的传输产生了一定的影响,但合理地利用该特性,我们能够将其应用于光纤传感领域,研制一些测量外界环境应变以及温度变化的光纤传感器,这对光纤通信领域的发展有着重要的意义。本课题主要是针对光纤中的布里渊散射进行传感研究的,其原理是利用光纤中存在的折射率分布不均匀现象,在外界环境条件变化下将导致光纤中声波场的扰动,从而对传输的光信息产生影响。利用该原理研究的光纤传感器可用于进行土木工程以及能源开采环境中的结构健康监测,主要监测对象是温度以及应变,这对于现阶段快速发展的工业生产有着极大的裨益。但是这类传感器都有着传输距离不够的问题,因此本课题将着重对长距离的光纤传感做研究。本论文主要论述在长距离传感过程中会遇到的一系列非线性现象,并针对其对光纤传感的影响提出了一些解决方案的设想,即采用探测光编码技术结合双脉冲光差分光时域分析技术(DPP-BOTDA)来进行改进。论文结构主要包括以下内容。第一章介绍课题背景及目的意义。1.研究背景,基于受激布里渊散射的光纤可以同时对外界环境进行温度和应变的分布式探测,因而可以被很好地应用于土木工程以及能源开采环境的结构健康监测中。现阶段最新的光纤传感器可在不到一秒的时间内获得探测信号并且只有极少量的信号损失,这已经能够对地震等特殊情况的发生进行预警处理了,为了更好的利用其优势,对光纤长距离的传感提出了更高的要求。基于受激布里渊散射的分布式光纤传感器最早于1989年被提出来,经过这些年的发展以及一众研究学者的不懈努力,该光纤传感系统被不断的改进,现如今已经能够在极端时间内获得极高的分辨率的探测信号。随着探测光编码技术以及DPP-BOTDA的提出,长距离的光纤传感技术也有了一个新的改进方向,现阶段能够获得的结果能达到2km探测距离,2cm空间分辨率,能够探测2的温度变化。2、目的意义本研究的目的是设计一个能够达到50km探测距离,2m空间分辨率以及1的温度传感灵敏度,20με的应变传感精度的光纤传感系统。而我们的研究要面对的最大问题就是怎样来克服由于非线性效应引起的长距离传感限制。利用探测光编码技术以及dpp-botda技术能够改善光纤传感系统的探测距离以及传感精度,并且能提高探测信噪比,同时也能够解决在长距离传输中遇到的一系列非线性现象。这对于光纤传感系统在土木工程以及能源开发环境中的结构健康监测有着极其重要的意义。第二章介绍光纤中的散射机理以及光纤传感的基本原理。首先分析自发和受激散射的产生,由于粒子振动或介质的热激发散射强度正比于入射光强。只有光强超过阈值才能发生受激散射,散射光的频率与入射光不同又分为低频的斯托克斯光和高频的反斯托克斯光。具体介绍了拉曼散射瑞利散射,并且详细分析了布里渊散射产生和对温度和应变的传感原理。由于电致伸缩效应,光与声波场相互作用产生后向的斯托克斯光和正向传输的反斯托克斯光,温度或应变会对声波场产生影响从而对测量的后向散射斯托克斯光频率产生影响。对于应用受激布里渊散射传感进行理论分析与公式推导。对受激布里渊耦合波方程进行求解,理解声波场对于能量从泵浦光到探测光的传递过程,并且对布里渊增益谱进行分析。受激布里渊散射得到越来越多的关注与研究,包括高空间分辨率、动态测量、长距离传感等。第三章阐明长距离光纤传感的限制因素以及解决方案预想。对本次实验应用的布里渊光时域分析系统进行描述,布里渊光时域分析系统利用受激布里渊散射的原理。由两路光组成,一路泵浦光为脉冲光,实现分布式测量,另一路探测光为低能量的连续光对频率进行下边频调制,测量时对频率进行扫描,当泵浦光与探测光频率差为布里渊频移时探测光得到最大的放大。由于温度或应变对声波场产生影响从而影响布里渊频移,对待测光纤的布里渊增益谱进行测量,得到温度或应变的信息。相同的道理若探测光为反斯托克斯的频率对泵浦光进行放大则得到布里渊衰减谱,在长距离传感中利用布里渊增益谱与衰减谱相减可以对测量信号进行放大。下面对长距离布里渊光时域分析系统中的限制因素进行分析,主要包括:色散、调制不稳定性、克尔效应。色散主要由于不同频率的光在光纤中传播的速度不同,色散又分为本征色散和模式色散。色散使脉冲光波展宽并且功率降低,限制光传输距离。高功率光在长距离光纤中传输时存在非线性效应,包括:自相位调制、交叉相位调制、调制不稳定性。因此在长距离传感中光功率不能过高,否则光在光纤中发生强烈的非线性效应影响测量。入射光功率较低,并且长距离传输光损耗较大测得的信号信噪比较差,影响测量精度。调制不稳定性产生的主要原因是介质的不均匀性,随着光功率或传输距离的增大泵浦光光谱的边带对称增长。所以色散以及非线性效应成为限制长距离布里渊光时域分析系

关键词：受激布里渊散射长距离BOTDA Simplex编码双脉冲差分BOTDA 非线性效应

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A Review on Conductive and Transparent materials Used in the Design of Transparent Antennas

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Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2023年第2期11卷 11-25页

作者： Abdoulaye Sissoko Cheick Oumar sanogo Badié Diourté Université des Sciences des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako Bamako Mali

In this review, we highlight the essential parameters of some transparent materials for use in the design of transparent antennas. ITO films with a sheet resistance of Rs = 10 Ω/sq and a T = 90% transmittance, we turn to materials that can be serious alternatives for ITO, such as graphene T = 97% for Rs = 60 Ω/sq and the micro-mesh metal. Wire mesh seems to be the best alternative T = 93% for Rs Rs = 0.022 Ω/sq at T = 81%, this is the micrometric pitch mesh.

关键词： Transmittance Resistance by Square Grid Micrometric Mesh

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The Relationship between Employees Motivation and Productivity in the Banking Sector of mali:A Case Study of Ecobank mali

The Relationship between Employees Motivation and Productivi...

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作者： NAOUma EMILE sanogo 华中师范大学

学位级别：硕士

Motivation is an important component in the productivity of employees in any organization because it is iterative process which influences the needs of an individual that energize,direct and maintain the behavior of *** is an effort that directs an individual towards the attainment of an *** mali,productivity in the Banking Sector demands that the institutions should have effective systems in place to offset unpredictable events that can maintain their operations and reduce the risk implicated through *** objective of the study was to analyze the relationship between employees motivation and productivity in the Banking Sector in *** the realization of this thesis,chose the theme the relationship between employees motivation and productivity in the companies of the banking *** topic of employee motivation is of particular interest to me because I simply wonder,as a future worker in Human ***,during the realization of this dissertation,I was curious to know the various techniques of motivations adopted by the companies and to understand the importance of the *** this theme we clearly see the importance of employee motivation on productivity,which has a positive *** more leaders know and adopt the right motivations,the employees will be more *** work is subdivided in five chapters of which:The first chapter consists of the introduction:It will treat the background,statement of problem,purpose and objectives of the study,research questions,delimitations and limitations,methodology and the analytical *** second chapter is about General Considerations of which conceptual and theoretical setting that gives the definitions of the key concepts of our work,the literature *** Third chapter speaks about the introduction of banking industry of mali,presentation of mali,presentation of the sector banking of mali and presentation of Ecobank *** fourth chapter will be dedicat

关键词： Commercial banks Employees Motivation Productivity

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Characteristics and Dynamic of Algal Communities in a New Impounded Hydro-Agricultural Dam Lake (Samendeni Reservoir) in Burkina Faso (Western Africa)

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2024年第11期16卷 671-694页

作者： Frédéric A. Kabré Souleymane sanogo Bilassé Zongo Laboratoire dEtudes et de Recherches en Ressources Naturelles et des Sciences de lEnvironnement (LERNSE) Universit Nazi BONI Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Recherche et de Formation en Pche et Faune (LaRFPF) Universit Nazi BONI Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso

Proliferation of microalgae is the result of a complex interaction between hydrological and physico-chemical variables influenced by climatic and anthropogenic factors. This study assessed algal communities in the Samendeni Dam Lake to serve as indicators of water quality for sustainable management of hydro-agricultural water resources. Therefore, physico-chemical parameters and microalgae were monitored in three sampling zones from November 2021 to October 2022. A comparison of physico-chemical parameters was realized between sampling zones and between seasons. CCA and RDA were used to establish the relationship between parameters and microalgae. The results show 96 species belonging to 46 genera, 30 families, 19 orders, 9 classes, and 7 phyla. Charophyta dominated microalgal communities in both dry and rainy seasons. Phytoplankton species reached 34 in the dry season and 41 in the rainy season, whereas periphyton revealed 41 species in both seasons. Phytoplankton abundances ranged from 213 to 5440 cells·mL−1 and 3 to 110 cells·cm−2 for periphyton. At p < 0.05, significant correlation of Charophyta with pH (r = 0.39, p-value = 0.04), EC (r = −0.41 - 0.91, p-value = 0.00 - 0.03), Transp (r = 0.73, p-value = 0.03), Ammo (r = 0.48, p-value = 0.01), Nitra (r = 0.81, p-value = 0.01), Nitri (r = 0.91, p-value = 0.00) was observed. Bacillariophyta significantly correlated to pH (r = 0.70, p-value = 0.04), EC (r = −0.51 - 0.94, p-value = 0.00 - 0.04), DO (r = −0.70 - 0.81, p-value = 0.01 - 0.04), Transp (r = −0.71 - 0.73, p-value = 0.02 - 0.03), Nitra (r = 0.84, p-value = 0.00) and OrthoP (r = 0.44 - 0.73, p-value = 0.02 - 0.03). Chlorophyta was significantly correlated to EC (r = −0.41 - 0.95, p-value = 0.00 - 0.03), Transp (r = −0.52, p-value = 0.01), Nitra (r = 0.71, p-value = 0.03), Ammo (r = 0.42, p-value = 0.03). Cyanophyta showed significant correlation with pH (r = 0.43, p-value = 0.02);EC (r = 0.68, p-value = 0.04), Transp (r = −0.44, p-value = 0.02), OrthoP (r =

关键词： Phytoplankton Periphyton Physico-Chemical Parameters Water Quality Samendeni Dam Lake

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A mathematical Model of COVID-19: Analysis and Identification of Parameters for Better Decision making

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Applied mathematics 2022年第2期13卷 205-214页

作者： Ouaténi Diallo Yaya Kone Chata sanogo Jérô me Pousin Département de mathématiques et Informatique Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Bamako Mali Institut Camille Jordan INSA Lyon France

Since the onset of the COVID-19 epidemic, the world has been impressed by two things: The number of people infected and the number of deaths. Here, we propose a mathematical model of the spread of this disease, analyze this model mathematically and determine one or more dominant factors in the propagation of the COVID-19 epidemic. We consider the S-E-I-R epidemic model in the form of ordinary differential equations, in a population structured in susceptibles S, exposed E as caregivers, travelers and assistants at public events, infected I and recovered R classes. Here we decompose the recovered class into two classes: The deaths class D and the class of those who are truly healed H. After the model construction, we have calculated the basic reproduction number R0, which is a function of certain number of parameters like the size of the exposed class E. In our paper, the mathematical analysis, which consists in searching the equilibrium points and studying their stability, is done. The work identifies some parameters on which one can act to control the spread of the disease. The numerical simulations are done and they illustrate our theoretical analysis.

关键词： COVID-19 mathematical Model R0 Spread Control Parameters malian Data

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Hypertension (Htn) among Young People of 18 to 35 Years Old in Cardiology Department of Gabriel Toure University Teaching Hospital

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2018年第1期8卷 11-17页

作者： Ichaka Menta Hamidou O. Ba Kassoum M. sanogo Cardiology Department of “Gabrièl Touré” University Teaching Hospital Bamako Mali

Few studies have been conducted on hypertension among youth in mali?hence the interest of our study aimed to clarify certain aspects what are not taken account yet in previous studies.?Objective: Determine the clinical and para-clinical characteristics of hypertension among 18 to 35 years old young people.?Methods:?This cross-sectional and retrospective study of 24 months from January 1st, 2009 to December 31st, 2010?in the cardiology department of the Gabriel Touré UTH.?Results:?We identified 132 cases during the study period out of 2146 cases of hypertension with a prevalence of 6.1%. The female gender represented 81.8%, with a sex ratio of 45.59, 1% of patients had an unknown family history of hypertension. The age group of 31 to 35 years accounted for 43.9%. The circumstances of discovery were dominated by exertional dyspnea (37.9%). Body mass index was normal in 45.5% of patients. The higher BMI was more common in female patients with 39.39% (p?= 0.045). In the sample,53% of patients had a systolic blood pressure between 140?and 159 mmHg and 38.6% had diastolic blood pressure ≥ 110 mmHg with no significant difference (p?> 0.5). The high creatinine level was found in 18.18% of our patients. The ECG?found?84.6%?of left ventricular hypertrophy among cavitary hypertrophies. The echocardiography has found cavitary?dilatation in 40.04% of cases;it concerned the left ventricle in 25.71%. Also 18.57% of our patients had impaired left ventricular systolic function. Among the complications found in our patients, kidney failure led with 56%.?Conclusion:?Hypertension is not a rare event among young population even with a normal body mass index. It is often discovered during complications that can be dreadful.

关键词： Hypertension Young People Complications

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甘肃枣子沟金矿床成矿过程分析——来自矿床地质特征、金的赋存状态及稳定同位素证据

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吉林大学学报（地球科学版） 2012年第4期42卷 1039-1054页

作者：曹晓峰 Mohamed Lamine Salifou sanogo 吕新彪何谋春陈超朱江唐然坤刘智张彬中国地质大学资源学院武汉430074 中国地质大学地质过程与矿产资源国家重点实验室武汉430074 北京矿通资源开发咨询有限责任公司北京100037

枣子沟金矿位于同仁-夏河-岷县金成矿带,矿区赋矿地层为三叠纪中统古浪堤组下段细碎屑岩及灰岩,并发育大量闪长质脉岩。矿体既产于地层中,也出现在脉岩或其接触带中,但其产状均严格受NE、NW及近SN向3组断裂构造控制,控矿构造为高角度的... 详细信息

枣子沟金矿位于同仁-夏河-岷县金成矿带,矿区赋矿地层为三叠纪中统古浪堤组下段细碎屑岩及灰岩,并发育大量闪长质脉岩。矿体既产于地层中,也出现在脉岩或其接触带中,但其产状均严格受NE、NW及近SN向3组断裂构造控制,控矿构造为高角度的张剪性及旋扭性断裂。热液成矿期可划分为黄铁矿-石英阶段,黄铁矿-毒砂-(闪锌矿-方铅矿-黄铜矿-辉银矿-绢云母-绿泥石-)石英阶段,辉锑矿-石英-方解石阶段及石英-方解石阶段。围岩蚀变类型主要为硅化、方解石化及绢云母化。环境扫面电镜及电子探针测试数据表明,金呈显微可见金存在于矿物裂隙和粒间隙中或以纳米不可见金捕获在载金矿物中。成矿期不同硫化物金的质量分数均高出检测限,其范围为0.003%～0.658%,平均值为0.257%。枣子沟金矿床具有卡林型金矿床的典型特征。氢氧同位素数据显示成矿流体主要来自大气水,硫同位素数据则表明硫主要来自沉积地层。其成矿过程可能为深切割断裂导通地下水,在深部被加热循环萃取围岩中成矿物质,并在浅表张性断裂中充填交代围岩,致使成矿物质沉淀富集成矿。金的迁移形式可能存在AuH3SiO04、Au(HS)2-、H2Au(Sb,As)S02和HAu(Sb,As)S3-等多种迁移方式。成矿早阶段可能以金硅络合物的解体为主,成矿晚阶段则可能是硫氢(锑)络合物发生解体,致使金与硫化物同时沉淀,以显微纳米金的形式包含在硫化物中。

关键词：枣子沟微细浸染型金矿成矿期稳定同位素金的赋存状态

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