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Formulation and evaluation of Albendazole microcapsules for colon delivery using chitosan

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2010年第5期3卷 374-378页

作者： Simi SP Saraswathi R sankar c Krishnan PN Dilip c Ameena K Al Shifa college Of Pharmacy KizhatturPerinthalmannaKerala.Pin-679325India

Objective:To formulate and evaluate Albendazole microcapsules using chitosan,a natural polymer for colon-specific delivery for better treatment of helminthiasis,filariasis,colorectal cancer,avoiding the side ***:The Albendazole microcapsules were prepared by the use of different concentrations of sodium alginate,chitosan and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose(HPMc).The polysaccharides chitosan reacted with sodium alginate in the presence of calcium chloride to form microcapsules with a polyelectrolyte complex membrane by electrostatic interactions between the two oppositely charged *** microcapsules were then studied for entrapment efficiency,drug-polymer compatibility and surface morphology. In vitro drug release study in presence and absence of cecal content were also ***, kinetic modellings were employed to find out release ***:Albendazole loaded microspheres showd high entrapment efficiency(72.8%) and the microcapsules were free flowing,non aggregated and spherical,between 600 and 1 000μm in *** surface of microcapsules were found to be porous and *** FT-IR spectrum showed that there is no interaction between the polymer and the *** in vitro drug release study found to be affected by change in chitosan,sodium alginate and HPMc *** microcapsules with 2.5% sodium alginate and 0.4% chitosan shown minimum release in gastrointestinal simulated condition but shows maximum drug release at the end of 24th hour in presence of cecal *** rate of drug release follows Korsmeyer-peppas model that was the drug release is by diffusion and ***:The study reveals that Albendazole loaded chitosanalginate based microsphere can be used effectively for the colon targeting.

关键词： colon drug delivery Albendazole chitosan Sodium alginate Microcapsule

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Isolation of the mucilages from Hibiscus rosasinensis *** Okra(Abelmoschus esculentus linn.) and studies of the binding effects of the mucilages

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2010年第7期3卷 539-543页

作者： Ameena K Dilip c Saraswathi R Krishnan PN sankar c Simi SP Al Shifa college of Pharmacy KizhatturPerinthalmanna.Kerala679325India

Objective:To isolate and evaluate comparatively the binding efficacy of the mucilages obtained from the plants of Hibiscus rosasinensis and Okra(Abelmoschus esculentus).Methods:Extraction of mucilages from the leaves of Hibiscus and pods of Okra(Ladies finger) was carried out by a cold maceration *** extracted mucilages were subjected to various physicochemical properties for its suitability as an excipient in the formulation of tablet dosage *** concentrations(10,8,5,2 and 1%w/v) of binder solutions of Hibiscus and Okra were used for the formulation of tablets and the formulated tablets were evaluated by studying the standard parameters like diameter,thickness,weight variation,hardness,friability,disintegration and in vitro *** studies of the formulated tablets were conducted for four weeks. Results:The formulated tablets prepared using the mucilages of both Hibiscus and Okra had good *** in vitro drug release profile of the tablets prepared using Okra mucilage had an optimum of 90%at a mucilage concentration of 1%w/v concentration mucilage itself within 4 ***:According to the observations,the lower concentration levels of Okra can be used as an alternative binder to *** higher concentration levels of Okra mucilage show a slow and sustained release,and can be considered as an alternative natural excipient in the modified drug delivery *** the same time,the above natural excipient of Hibiscus mucilage could be used as a platform for prolonged release if its binder concentrations are increased.

关键词： Formulation Hibiscus Tablets

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Anti-inflammatory activity of the leaf extacts of Gendarussa vulgaris Nees

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2011年第2期1卷 147-149页

作者： TK Mohamed Saleem AK Azeem c Dilip c sankar NV Prasanth R Duraisami Al Shifa college of Pharmacy Poonthavanam P.OKizhatturPerinthalmannaMalappuram dist Kerala Nandha college of Pharmacy

Objective:To evaluate the anti-inflammatory property of the leaf exacts of Gendarussa vulgaris(***) ***:*** Nees of the family Apocynaceae is a medium sized tree grown in semishade or no shade and is common in the Ernad and Nilambur taluks of Kerala. Various parts of this plant have been used in the treatment of ulcers,sores,inflammation, dyspepsia,healing of wounds,*** present study aimed at the evaluation of anti-inflammatory property of the aqueous and alcoholic extracts of the leaves by both in vitro and in vivo methods. In vitro method was estimated by human red blood cell membrane stabilisation(HRBc) method and in vivo method was estimated on the carrageenan induced paw ***:Both the methods showed significant anti-inflammatory property of the different extracts tested. conclusions:The alcoholic extract at a concentration of 300 mg/mL showed potent activity on comparing with the standard drug diclofenac sodium.

关键词： Gendarussa vulgaris Anti-inflamation HRBc carrageenan

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Palaeodepositional environment,implications of Glossopteris flora,and organic matter characteristics from the Lower Permian,Karo Open cast Mine,East Bokaro coalfield,Damodar Basin,India

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2024年第3期13卷 528-546页

作者： sankar Suresh Kumar Pillai Rose Ann Sebastian Runcie Paul Mathews Srikanta Murthya Anju Saxena Mrutyunjaya Sahoo Suraj Kumar Sahu Gulshan Kumar Dhingra Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Department of Geology School of Earth Science SystemsCentral University of Kerala Department of Geology Ravenshaw University Department of Botany Sri Dev Suman Uttarakhand University

The present study deals with the Early Permian floral diversity,palaeoenvironment,palaeoclimate and depositional setting using a multiproxy approach that includes morphotaxonomy,palynology,and organic geochemistry of Karo OcM （Open cast Mine）,East Bokaro coalfield,Damodar Gondwana Basin,*** Permian sediments of Peninsular India are widely regarded as fluvial,along with some marine *** macroplant fossil assemblage exhibits the presence of Glossopteridales,comprising Glossopteris,Gangamopteris,and Vertebraria,as well as coniferales,which includes *** palynological assemblage encompasses the dominance of the striate bisaccate pollen Faunipollenites *** the subdominance of the non-striate bisaccate pollen Scheuringipollenites *** glossopterid *** megafloral and palynofloral assemblage confirms the biostratigraphical age to be Late Barakar palynoflora of Kungurian *** studied morphological characteristics,including small to large Glossopteris leaves exhibiting a lanceolate shape,acute apices,and acute cuneate or tapering bases,as well as entire margins with narrower lamina and narrow meshes,suggest the existence of a dense forest with the prevalence of a warm and humid climate during their *** organic geochemical characterization based on functional group and biomarker analyses reveals the diagenetic effects on organic *** symmetric(～2865-2855 cm-1) and asymmetric stretching (～2930-2910 cm-1) peaks are identifiable in coal samples,whereas they are absent in carbonaceous *** A-factor vs.c-factor plot suggests that the kerogen type is type Ⅲ,which can generate mainly gaseous *** vitrinite reflectance studies （Rrav.1.1%） show increased maturity of the samples,which is supported by the n-alkane distribution pattern and the absence of hopane *** Indian floral assemblages in contemporary of southern Gondwana continents reveal a stronger inclination/affinity with the fl

关键词： Glossopteris Palynomorph FTIR GcMS Gondwana Permian Palaeoclimate

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A Graph Theory Based Self-Learning Honeypot to Detect Persistent Threats

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Intelligent Automation & Soft computing 2023年第3期35卷 3331-3348页

作者： R.T.Pavendan K.sankar K.A.Varun Kumar Department of Mathematics College of EngineeringAnna UniversityChennai600025India Department of Networking and communications School of ComputingSRM Institute of Science and TechnologyKattankulathur602203India

Attacks on the cyber space is getting exponential in recent *** penetrations and breaches are real threats to the individuals and *** security systems are good enough to detect the known threats but when it comes to Advanced Persistent Threats(APTs)they *** APTs are targeted,more sophisticated and very persistent and incorporates lot of evasive techniques to bypass the existing ***,there is a need for an effective defense system that can achieve a complete reliance of *** address the above-mentioned issues,this paper proposes a novel honeypot system that tracks the anonymous behavior of the APT *** key idea of honeypot leverages the concepts of graph theory to detect such targeted *** proposed honey-pot is self-realizing,strategic assisted which withholds the APTs actionable tech-niques and observes the behavior for analysis and *** proposed graph theory based self learning honeypot using the resultsγ(c(n,1)),γc(c(n,1)),γsc(c(n,1))outperforms traditional techniques by detecting APTs behavioral with detection rate of 96%.

关键词： Graph theory Domination connected Domination Secure connected Domination honeypot self learning ransomware

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classical interpretations of relativistic precessions

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chinese Physics B 2014年第4期23卷 147-156页

作者： sankar Hajra Indian Physical Society 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mallick Road

Relativists have exposed various precessions and developed ingenious experiments to verify those phenomena with extreme precisions. The Gravity Probe B mission was designed to study the precessions of the gyroscopes rotating round the Earth in a nearly circular near-Earth polar orbit to demonstrate the geodetic effect and the Lense-Thirring effect as predicted by the general relativity theory. In this paper, we show in a very simple and novel analysis that the precession of the perihelion of Mercury, the Thomas precession, and the precession data （on the de Sitter and Lense-Thirring precessions） collected from the Gravity Probe B mission could easily be explained from classical physics, too.

关键词： Thomas precession precession of planetary orbits de Sitter precession Lense-Thirring precession

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L-asparaginase production by mangrove derived Bacillus cereus MAB5:optimization by response surface methodology

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2011年第6期4卷 486-491页

作者： Thenmozhi c sankar R Karuppiah V Sampathkumar P centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology Faculty of Marine Sciences Annamalai University Parangipettai-608 502Tamil NaduIndia

Objective:To isolate marine bacteria,statistically optimize them for maximum asparaginase ***:In the present study,statistically based experimental designs were applied to maximize the production of L-asparaginase from bacterial strain of Bacillus cereus（***） MAB5（HQ675025） isolated and identified by 16S rDNA sequencing from mangroves rhizosphere ***:Plackett-Barman design was used to identify the interactive effect of the eight variables *** extract,soyabean meal,glucose,magnesium sulphate,KH2PO4,wood chips,aspargine and sodium *** the variables are denoted as numerical factors and investigated at two widely spaced intervals designated as -1（low level） and +1（high level）. The effect of individual parameters on L-asparaginase production was *** meal,aspargine,wood chips and sodium chloride were found to be the significant among eight *** maximum amount of L-asparaginase produced（51.54 IU/mL） from the optimized medium containing soyabean meal（6.282 8 g/L）,aspargine（5.5 g/L）,wood chips（1.383 8 g/L） and Nacl（4.535 4 g/L）.conclusions:The study revealed that,it is useful to produce the maximum amount of L-asparaginase from *** MAB5 for the treatment of various infections and diseases.

关键词： L-asparaginase Bacillus cereus Mangroves Plackett-Barman design central composite design

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Prediction of cost and emission from Indian coal-fired power plants with c02 capture and storage using artificial intelligence techniques

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Frontiers in Energy 2019年第1期13卷 149-162页

作者： Naushita SHARMA Udayan SINGH Siba sankar MAHAPATRA Department of Mechanical Engineering National Institute of Technology RourkelaRourkela769008 India

coal-fired power plants are one of the most important targets with respect to reduction of cO2 *** reasons for this are that coal-fired power plants offer localized large point sources(LPS)of cO2 and that the Indian power sector con tributes to roughly half of all-India ***2capture and storage(ccS)can be implemented in these power plants for long-temi decarbonisation of the Indian *** this paper,two artificial intelligence(Al)techniques—adaptive network based fuzzy inference system(ANFIS)and multi gene genetic programming(MGGP)are used to model Indian coal-fired power plants with cO2 *** data set of 75 power plants take the plant size,the capture type,the load and the cO2 emission as the input and the cOE and annual cO2 emissions as the *** is found that MGGP is more suited to these applications with an R2 value of more than 99%between the predicted and actual values,as against the^96%correlation for the ANFIS *** also gives the traditionally expected results in sensitivity analysis,which ANFIS fails to *** other parameters in the base plant and cO2 capture unit may be included in similar studies to give a more accurate *** is because MGGP gives a better perspective toward qualitative data,such as capture type,as compared to ANFIS.

关键词： carbon capture and storage power plants artificial intelligence genetic programming neuro fuzzy

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A study of clock effects in Newton-Maxwell formalism

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2020年第1期11卷 72-77页

作者： sankar Hajra Indian Physical Society 2A and 2B Raja S.C.Mullick RoadKolkata700032India

Many measurements on the time gain/loss of the atomic clocks orbiting the spinning Earth have been *** time gain/loss of the atomic clocks orbiting the spinning Earth is called gravitomagnetic clock *** effects have been well studied from the consideration of the relativity theory and the effects are thought to be relativistic ***,no studies has been done from the physics of Newton and the electrodynamics of *** this paper,we have studied clock effects from Newton-Maxwell consideration and have shown that clock effects could be considered as simple consequences of Newton’s physics and Maxwell’s electrodynamics.

关键词： clock effect Electrodynamics Gravitation coriolis effect

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Radical-mediated hydroalkylation of 2-vinylpyrrolidine derivatives: a versatile entry into indolizidine alkaloids

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Science china chemistry 2019年第11期62卷 1504-1506页

作者： sankar Rao Suravarapu Bettina Peter Philippe Renaud Department of chemistry and Biochemistry University of Bern

A concise route for the preparation of two simple optically pure indolizidin-5-ones has been *** key chain elongation process was achieved using a triethylborane/catechol mediated hydroalkylation of Boc-protected *** using complementary strategies,these two bicyclic lactams can be alkylated with complete control of the stereochemistry at c(5)and their conversion to a variety of indolizidine alkaloids such as coniceine,indolizidine 209D and 167B,5-epi-indolizidine 249A and monomorine has been reported in the literature.

关键词： alkenes carbohydrogenation radical reaction catechol triethylborane α-iodoesters allylamine

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