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Effects of Source of Inorganic Phosphorus and Phytase Supplementation on Performance,Physiological Parameters and Bone Mineralization in Broilers

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2010年第1期1卷 15-24页

作者： W.I.Lee P.A.Thacker Y.k.Han DepartmentofFoodScienceandBiotechnology SungkyunkwanUniversitySuwon440—746Korea DepartmentofAnimalScience UniversityofSaskatchewan51CampusDriveSaskatoonSaskatchewanS7N5A8Canada

The objective of this study was to eval- uate the effects of inorganic phosphorus source and phytase addition on performance, nutrient digestibility and bone mineralization in broiler chickens. In Exp. 1,150 two-day old, male broiler chicks were fed a corn-soybean meal basal diet supplemented with phos- phorus provided by dicalcium phosphate, tricalcium phosphate or defluorinated rock phosphate. Five cages containing 10 birds were allotted to each of the three treatments. In Exp. 2,120 three-day old, male broiler chicks were fed the basal diet from Exp. 1 supplemen- ted with 0,250,500 ,or 1,000 P-＇rU phytase per kg of diet. Six cages containing five chicks were allotted to each of the four treatments. In Exp. 1, there was no difference in weight gain, feed intake or feed conver- sion as a result of feeding the different sources of in- organic phosphorus. The digestibility of phosphorus was significantly lower （P =0.01 ） for chicks fed di- ets supplemented with tricalcium phosphate than for chicks fed the other two diets. However, despite the lower digestibility, serum phosphorus levels did not differ among the three treatments. For Exp. 2, feedconversion showed a linear improvement （P = 0.03 ） with increasing levels of phytase inclusion （ days 0 to 33 ）. Phytase supplementation resulted in linear increa- ses in the digestibility of dry matter （P = 0.02 ）, crude protein （ P --- 0.04 ） and energy （ P 〈 0.01 ）. Chicks fed 1,000 FTU/kg phytase had significantly higher bone calcium （ P = 0.05 ） and bone breaking strength （P = 0.04 ） than chicks fed the basal diet on day 33. In conclusion, the results of the current study indicated that the performance of birds fed diets sup- plemented with dicalcium phosphate, tricalcium phos- phate or defluorinated phosphate was similar and therefore production costs could be lowered by choo- sing the cheapest inorganic phosphorus source when formulating diets for poultry. When diets were formu- lated to meet dietary phosphorus requirem

关键词： bone strength broilers digestibility inorganic phosphorus performance phytase

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新生兒脊肌萎縮症1例

镜湖医学 2019年第1期19卷 47-47,F0002页

作者：黃健星黃潔馨楊咏山葉一蓮澳門鏡湖醫院兒科中国

患兒男,孕晚期羊水偏少,孕32週後胎動減弱。G1P1,足月40+1週出生,出生體重2.91k g,因胎兒宮內窘迫行剖腹產出生,無窒息搶救史。生後發現肌張力低下,哭聲弱,無抽搐及發熱等,查體見呼吸節律正常,面部表情正常,反應可,前囟平軟,雙眼瞼無下... 详细信息

患兒男,孕晚期羊水偏少,孕32週後胎動減弱。G1P1,足月40+1週出生,出生體重2.91k g,因胎兒宮內窘迫行剖腹產出生,無窒息搶救史。生後發現肌張力低下,哭聲弱,無抽搐及發熱等,查體見呼吸節律正常,面部表情正常,反應可,前囟平軟,雙眼瞼無下垂,無眼肌麻痺,可見舌肌震顫,無舌萎縮。肌張力低下,圍巾征陽性,拉坐時頭部完全滯後(圖1見封2),雙上肢近端肌力1級,遠端2級,雙下肢近端0級,遠端2級,上下肢深反射均未能引出,雙側巴氏征及髁陣攣陰性,雙手腕關節攣縮畸形(圖2見封2)。

关键词：前囟近端巴氏征孕晚期羊水偏少面部表情上下肢深反射

Very long survival in pediatric cancer between 1944 and 1993

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Chinese Medical Journal 1999年第7期 39-43页

作者： Zhao Guolong, Cathy D Boysen, Edward F Brown, khatab M Hassanein, Frederic k F Holmes and Grace E Foege Holmes

Objective To identify factors associated with very long survival among all cancer cases di agnosed at age 19 years or younger registered by the Cancer Data Service at the University of kansas Medical Center in kansas City, kansas, USA in the 40 year period between 1944 and 1983, with followup to 1993 Methods There were 2720 pediatric patients with 2750 cancers who were studied Forty f our types of cancer were grouped into 11 diagnostic categories Diagnosis years spanned four eras: 1944-1953, 1954-1963, 1964-1973, and 1974-1983 Cases were c ompared u sing specific characteristics and were divided into shortterm and longterm s urvivors with the division generously set at seven years The proportions of t h e longterm survivors were compared by specific characteristics Results Among the diagnostic categories, leukemias were the most common (298%), follow e d by CNS tumors (152%), and Hodgkin's disease (90%) Male to female ratio was 43; average age at diagnosis was 883608 years Longterm survivors to tal ed 1148 (417%) Prognosis was better in cases diagnosed in earlier stages and i n later eras Proportion of longterm survivors increased from 187% in era to 526% in era Improvement of survival was statistically significant in mo st diagnostic categories Conclusions This study shows continuing improvement of survival during four consecutive eras for childhood and adolescent cancer Early diagnosis was associated with bett e r survival Unstaged cases decreased over time reflecting progress in diagnost i c techniques Many patients died before seven years after diagnosis Those w ho survived more than seven years had excellent survival Pediatricians can expe c t to participate in the care of these patients long after the original diagnosis and treatment

关键词： cancer survial longterm children

高亲和力抗血管紧张素Ⅱ抗血清的制备——五种免疫原的制备及其免疫效果的比较

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Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica 1977年第4期 45-58页

作者：陆以信李迪元陈贤妙赵光胜上海市高血压研究所

为了提高放射免疫分析法（RIA）的灵敏度,达到度量人外周血浆中血管紧张素Ⅱ（ATII）的要求,必需采用亲和力特别高的特异性抗ATII 抗血清。我们使用不同的载体和结合方法,制备了五种ATIIa 免疫原,以提高其抗原性。它们是:1)聚乙烯吡咯... 详细信息

为了提高放射免疫分析法（RIA）的灵敏度,达到度量人外周血浆中血管紧张素Ⅱ（ATII）的要求,必需采用亲和力特别高的特异性抗ATII 抗血清。我们使用不同的载体和结合方法,制备了五种ATIIa 免疫原,以提高其抗原性。它们是:1)聚乙烯吡咯酮吸附血管紧张素II 酰胺（ATIIa）;2)碳二亚胺缩合兔血清白蛋白与ATIIa;3)戊二醛（GDA）结合牛血清白蛋白（BSA）与ATIIa;4)GDA 结合多聚赖氨酸（PL）与ATIIa;5)碳二亚胺缩合琥珀酰化多聚赖氨酸（PL-Succ）与ATIIa。在分组免疫家兔（皮内多点或多途径注射）后,用生物鉴定、被动血球凝集试验和放射免疫稀释曲线法检测及跟踪抗血清的抗ATII 效价。并用RIA 法以Scatchard 图求亲和常数k?统计显示在组间存在显著差别,以BSA-GDA-ATIIa 及PL-Succ-ATIIa 效果为佳。在3～5个月内成功地获得了ka>1010升/克分子,适用于ATII 的放射免疫测定的一些抗血清。其中之一已经满意地用于建立一个特异、灵敏的RIA,可以直接测定人体外周血中低浓度的ATII。另一些也有相似的能力。对工作中涉及一些问题,如免疫原制备、影响抗血清质量的因素以及抗ATII 检测方法等,作了初步的比较和讨论。本试验结果,从抗原消耗量、抗体产生速度、成功率及抗血清的效价和亲和力等方面,看来较某些报告有优越之处。

关键词：免疫原 ATI 全抗原抗血清血管紧张素Ⅱ 免疫效果亲和力

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中国股票市场可预测性的实证研究

金融研究 2011年第9期 107-121页

作者：姜富伟凃俊 David E.Rapach Jack k.Strauss 周国富新加坡管理大学李光前商学院圣路易斯大学经济系华盛顿大学奥林商学院美国上海交通大学中国金融研究院上海200240

我们研究了中国市场投资组合和根据公司行业、规模、面值市值比和股权集中度等划分的各种成分投资组合的股票收益的可预测性。选取各种经济变量作为预测变量,中国市场投资组合和各种成分投资组合都存在显著的样本内和样本外可预测性。... 详细信息

我们研究了中国市场投资组合和根据公司行业、规模、面值市值比和股权集中度等划分的各种成分投资组合的股票收益的可预测性。选取各种经济变量作为预测变量,中国市场投资组合和各种成分投资组合都存在显著的样本内和样本外可预测性。不同成分投资组合的可预测性存在显著差异,其中金融与保险业、房地产业和制造业等行业投资组合的可预测性特别强,小市值、低面值市值比和低股权集中度的投资组合也非常容易预测。对于成分投资组合间的可预测性差异,我们给出了两个经济解释:(1)基于样本外可预测性分解,我们发现条件CAPM模型捕捉的时变系统性风险溢价可预测性可以解释成分投资组合的大部分样本外可预测性,高系统性风险暴露的投资组合有较高的样本外可预测性;(2)基于Hong,Torous,andValkanov(2007)的信息流动摩擦理论,我们发现行业集中度可以显著解释行业投资组合间的可预测性差异。

关键词：成分投资组合样本内预测样本外预测条件CAPM 信息流动摩擦

Fungal diversity notes 929-1035:taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions on genera and species of fungi

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Fungal Diversity 2019年第2期95卷 1-273页

作者： Rungtiwa Phookamsak kevin D.Hyde Rajesh Jeewon D.Jayarama Bhat E.B.Gareth Jones Sajeewa S.N.Maharachchikumbura Olivier Raspe Samantha C.karunarathna Dhanushka N.Wanasinghe Sinang Hongsanan Mingkwan Doilom Danushka S.Tennakoon Alexandre R.Machado Andre L.Firmino Aniket Ghosh Anuruddha karunarathna Armin Mesic Arun kumar Dutta Benjarong Thongbai Bandarupalli Devadatha Chada Norphanphoun Chanokned Senwanna Deping Wei Dhandevi Pem Frank kwekucher Ackah Gen-Nuo Wang Hong-Bo Jiang Hugo Madrid Hyang Burm Lee Ishani D.Goonasekara Ishara S.Manawasinghe Ivana kusan Josep Cano Josepa Gene Junfu Li kanad Das krishnendu Acharya k.N.Anil Raj k.P.Deepna Latha k.W.Thilini Chethana Mao-Qiang He Margarita Duenas Margita Jadan Maria P.Martin Milan C.Samarakoon Monika C.Dayarathne Mubashar Raza Myung Soo Park M.Teresa Telleria Napalai Chaiwan Neven Matocec Nimali Ide Silva Olinto L.Pereira Paras Nath singh Patinjareveettil Manimohan Priyanka Uniyal Qiu-Ju Shang Rajendra P.Bhatt Rekhani H.Perera Renato Lucio Mendes Alvarenga Sandra Nogal-Prata sanjay k.sing. Santhiti Vadthanarat Seung-Yoon Oh Shi-ke Huang Shiwali Rana Sirinapa konta Soumitra Paloi Subashini C.Jayasiri Sun Jeong Jeon Tahir Mehmood Tatiana Baptista Gibertoni Thuong T.T.Nguyen Upendra singh Vinodhini Thiyagaraja V.Venkateswara Sarma Wei Dong Xian-Dong Yu Yong-Zhong Lu Young Woon Lim Yun Chen Zdenko Tkalcec Zhi-Feng Zhang Zong-Long Luo Dinushani A.Daranagama kasun M.Thambugala Saowaluck Tibpromma Erio Camporesi Timur S.Bulgakov Asha J.Dissanayake Indunil C.Senanayake Dong Qin Dai Li-Zhou Tang Sehroon khan Huang Zhang Itthayakorn Promputtha Lei Cai Putarak Chomnunti Rui-Lin Zhao Saisamorn Lumyong Saranyaphat Boonmee Ting-Chi Wen Peter E.Mortimer Jianchu Xu key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of ScienceKunming 650201YunnanPeople’s Republic of China Institute of Animal Science State Key Laboratory of AnimalNutritionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193People’s Republic of China Center of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand World Agroforestry Centre East and Central AsiaKunming 650201YunnanPeople’s Republic of China Mushroom Research Foundation 128 M.3 Ban Pa Deng T.Pa PaeA.Mae TaengChiang Rai 50150Thailand Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200Thailand Department of Health Sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversity of MauritiusReduitMauritius No.128/1-J Co-Op Azad Housing SocietyCurcaGoa VelhaIndia Department of Crop Sciences College of Agricultural and Marine SciencesSultan Qaboos UniversityPO Box 8123 Al KhoudOman Botanic Garden Meise Nieuwelaan 381860 MeiseBelgium Federation Wallonie-Bruxelles Service general de l’Enseignement universitaire et de la Recherche scientifiqueRue A.Lavallee 11080 BrusselsBelgium Shenzhen key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering College of Life Science and OceanographyShenzhen University3688Nanhai AvenueNanshanShenzhen 518060People’s Republic of China Department of Plant Medicine National Chiayi University300 Syuefu RoadChiayi City 60004Taiwan Departamento de Micologia Universidade Federal de PernambucoRecifePernambucoBrazil Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias Universidade Federal de UberlandiaMonte CarmeloMinas GeraisBrazil Department of Botany&Microbiology H.N.B.Garhwal UniversitySrinagarGarhwal 246174UttarakhandIndia Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology Faculty of AgricultureChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200Thailand Ruder Boskovic Institute Bijenicka cesta 5410000 ZagrebCroatia Molecular and Applied Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of BotanyUniversity of CalcuttaKolkataWest Bengal

This article is the ninth in the series of Fungal Diversity Notes,where 107 taxa distributed in three phyla,nine classes,31 orders and 57 families are described and *** described in the present study include 12 new genera,74 new species,three new combinations,two reference specimens,a re-circumscription of the epitype,and 15 records of sexualasexual morph connections,new hosts and new geographical *** new genera comprise Brunneofusispora,Brunneomurispora,Liua,Lonicericola,Neoeutypella,Paratrimmatostroma,Parazalerion,Proliferophorum,Pseudoastrosphaeriellopsis,Septomelanconiella,Velebitea and ***-four new species are Agaricus memnonius,***,Aleurodiscus patagonicus,Amanita flavoalba,***,Amphisphaeria mangrovei,Baorangia major,Bartalinia kunmingensis,Brunneofusispora sinensis,Brunneomurispora lonicerae,Capronia camelliaeyunnanensis,Clavulina thindii,Coniochaeta simbalensis,Conlarium thailandense,Coprinus trigonosporus,Liua muriformis,Cyphellophora filicis,Cytospora ulmicola,Dacrymyces invisibilis,Dictyocheirospora metroxylonis,Distoseptispora thysanolaenae,Emericellopsis koreana,Galiicola baoshanensis,Hygrocybe lucida,Hypoxylon teeravasati,Hyweljonesia indica,keissleriella caraganae,Lactarius olivaceopallidus,Lactifluus midnapurensis,Lembosia brigadeirensis,Leptosphaeria urticae,Lonicericola hyaloseptispora,Lophiotrema mucilaginosis,Marasmiellus bicoloripes,Marasmius indojasminodorus,Micropeltis phetchaburiensis,Mucor orantomantidis,Murilentithecium lonicerae,Neobambusicola brunnea,Neoeutypella baoshanensis,Neoroussoella heveae,Neosetophoma lonicerae,Ophiobolus malleolus,Parabambusicola thysanolaenae,Paratrimmatostroma kunmingensis,Parazalerion indica,Penicillium dokdoense,Peroneutypa mangrovei,Phaeosphaeria cycadis,Phanerochaete australosanguinea,Plectosphaerella kunmingensis,Plenodomus artemisiae,***,Proliferophorum thailandicum,Pseudoastrosphaeriellopsis kaveriana,Pseudohelicomyces menglunicu

关键词： 86 new taxa Agaricomycetes Ascomycota Basidiomycota Dacrymycetes Dothideomycetes Eurotiomycetes Lecanoromycetes Leotiomycetes Mucoromycetes Mucoromycota Pezizomycetes Sordariomycetes Taxonomy

Fungal diversity notes 491–602: taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions to fungal taxa

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Fungal Diversity 2017年第2期83卷 1-261页

作者： Saowaluck Tibpromma kevin D.Hyde Rajesh Jeewon Sajeewa S.N.Maharachchikumbura Jian-kui Liu D.Jayarama Bhat E.B.Gareth Jones Eric H.C.Mckenzie Erio Camporesi Timur S.Bulgakov Mingkwan Doilom AndreLuiz Cabral Monteiro de Azevedo Santiago kanad Das Patinjareveettil Manimohan Tatiana B.Gibertoni Young Woon Lim Anusha Hasini Ekanayaka Benjarong Thongbai Hyang Burm Lee Jun-Bo Yang Paul M.kirk Phongeun Sysouphanthong sanjay k.sing. Saranyaphat Boonmee Wei Dong k.N.Anil Raj k.P.Deepna Latha Rungtiwa Phookamsak Chayanard Phukhamsakda Sirinapa konta Subashini C.Jayasiri Chada Norphanphoun Danushka S.Tennakoon Junfu Li Monika C.Dayarathne Rekhani H.Perera Yuanpin Xiao Dhanushka N.Wanasinghe Indunil C.Senanayake Ishani D.Goonasekara N.Ide Silva Ausana Mapook Ruvishika S.Jayawardena Asha J.Dissanayake Ishara S.Manawasinghe k.W.Thilini Chethana Zong-Long Luo kalani kanchana Hapuarachchi Abhishek Baghela Adriene Mayra Soares Alfredo Vizzini Angelina Meiras-Ottoni Armin Mesic Arun kumar Dutta Carlos Alberto Fragoso de Souza Christian Richter Chuan-Gen Lin Debasis Chakrabarty Dinushani A.Daranagama Diogo Xavier Lima Dyutiparna Chakraborty Enrico Ercole Fang Wu Giampaolo Simonini Gianrico Vasquez Gladstone Alves da Silva Helio Longoni Plautz Jr Hiran A.Ariyawansa Hyun Lee Ivana kusan Jie Song Jingzu Sun Joydeep karmakar kaifeng Hu kamal C.Semwal kasun M.Thambugala kerstin Voigt krishnendu Acharya kunhiraman C.Rajeshkumar Leif Ryvarden Margita Jadan MdIqbal Hosen Michal Miksık Milan C.Samarakoon Nalin N.Wijayawardene Nam kyu kim Neven Matocec Paras Nath singh Qing Tian R.P.Bhatt Rafael JoseVilela de Oliveira Rodham E.Tulloss S.Aamir Saithong kaewchai Sayali D.Marathe Sehroon khan Sinang Hongsanan Sinchan Adhikari Tahir Mehmood Tapas kumar Bandyopadhyay Tatyana YuSvetasheva Thi Thuong Thuong Nguyen Vladimır Antonın Wen-Jing Li Yong Wang Yuvraj Indoliya Zdenko Tkalcec Abdallah M.Elgorban Ali H.Bahkali Alvin M.C.Tang Hong-Yan Su Huang Zhang Itthayakorn Promputtha Jennifer Luangsa-ard Jianchu Xu Jiye Yan kang Ji-Chuan Marc Stadler Pete key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of ScienceKunming 650201YunnanPeople’s Republic of China Center of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand School of Science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand World Agroforestry Centre East and Central AsiaKunming 650201YunnanPeople’s Republic of China Mushroom Research Foundation 128 M.3 Ban Pa Deng T.Pa PaeA.Mae TaengChiang Mai 50150Thailand A.M.B.Gruppo Micologico Forlivese“Antonio Cicognani” Via Roma 18Forlı`Italy A.M.B.Circolo Micologico“Giovanni Carini” C.P.314BresciaItaly Societa`per gli Studi Naturalistici della Romagna C.P.144BagnacavalloRAItaly Formerly Department of Botany Goa UniversityTaleigaoGoaIndia No.128/1-J Azad Housing SocietyCurcaGoa VelhaIndia 33 B St.Edwards Road Southsea Hants Hampshire PO53DHUK Landcare Research Manaaki Whenua Private Bag 92170AucklandNew Zealand Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200Thailand Division of Applied Science College of International EducationThe Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHong Kong SARChina PostGraduate Program in Biology of Fungi Department of MycologyFederal University of PernambucoAv.Nelson Chavess/nRecifePE 50670-420Brazil Institute of Plant and Environment Protection Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesBeijing 100097People’s Republic of China Environmental Microbiology Lab Division of Food TechnologyBiotechnology&AgrochemistryCollege of Agriculture and Life SciencesChonnam National UniversityYongbong-Dong 300Buk-GuGwangju 61186Korea Guizhou key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology Guizhou Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuiyang 550006GuizhouPeople’s Republic of China College of Agriculture and Biological Sciences Dali UniversityDali 671003YunnanPeople’s Republic of China Yunnan Institute of Food Safety Kunming University of Science&TechnologyKunming 650500YunnanPeople’s Republic

This is a continuity of a series of taxonomic and phylogenetic papers on the fungi where materials were collected from many countries,examined and *** addition to extensive morphological descriptions and appropriate asexual and sexual connections,DNA sequence data are also analysed from concatenated datasets to infer phylogenetic relationships and substantiate systematic positions of taxa within appropriate ***ever new species or combinations are proposed,we apply an integrative approach using morphological and molecular data as well as ecological features wherever *** on 112 fungal taxa are compiled in this paper including Biatriosporaceae and Roussoellaceae,Didysimulans ***.,81 new species,18 new host records and new country records,five reference specimens,two new combinations,and three sexual and asexual morph *** new species are Amanita cornelii,***,Angustimassarina alni,***,***,***,***,Ascochyta italica,***,Austroboletus appendiculatus,Barriopsis thailandica,Berkleasmium ariense,Calophoma petasitis,Camarosporium laburnicola,***,***,***,***,Colletotrichum sambucicola,Coprinopsis cerkezii,Cytospora gelida,Dacrymyces chiangraiensis,Didysimulans italica,***,Entodesmium italica,Entoloma magnum,Evlachovaea indica,Exophiala italica,Favolus gracilisporus,Femsjonia monospora,Fomitopsis flabellata,***,Gongronella brasiliensis,Helvella crispoides,Hermatomyces chiangmaiensis,***nae,Hysterium centramurum,Inflatispora caryotae,Inocybe brunneosquamulosa,***,***,keissleriella cirsii,Lepiota cylindrocystidia,***,***,Lophiotrema guttulata,Marasmius luculentus,Morenoina calamicola,Moelleriella thanathonensis,Mucor stercorarius,Myrmecridium fluviae,Myrothecium septentrionale,Neosetophoma garethjonesii,Nigrograna cangshanensis,Nodulosphaeria guttulatum,***tata,***,Panus subf

关键词： Agaricomycetes Ascomycota Basidiomycota Dacrymycetes Dothideomycetes Eurotiomycetes New combination Mucoromycotina New genus New records New species Pezizomycetes Phylogeny Sordariomycetes Taxonomy

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用范德保法测量碳化硅的电阻率和霍耳效应

物理学报 1966年第9期 967-975页

作者：冯锡淇骆宾章唐福娣张雁行洪福根谭浩然中国科学院

应用范德保法测量了电阻率在10-3—102欧姆·厘米范围的n型和p型碳化硅单晶和外延层的电学性质。进行了测定条件的选择,范德保法与普通法的对照等试验。发现接触电阻的大小和稳定程度对测量结果有极大的影响。在铟、紫铜、锡、磷铜等机... 详细信息

应用范德保法测量了电阻率在10-3—102欧姆·厘米范围的n型和p型碳化硅单晶和外延层的电学性质。进行了测定条件的选择,范德保法与普通法的对照等试验。发现接触电阻的大小和稳定程度对测量结果有极大的影响。在铟、紫铜、锡、磷铜等机械接触中,铟电极具有最低的接触电阻,其他电极须经电冶成方能进行测定。在不同的电极材料和样品电流下,电阻率偏离约2%,指出,样品电流应当根据具体样品的电阻率和接触电阻加以选择。与普通法比较,范德保法精确度高,数据重复性好。测量了自室温至1000°k范围内碳化硅单晶的高温电学性质,求得氮施主的电离能为0.056电子伏。讨论了引起实验误差的一些异常现象及其产生原因。

关键词：霍耳效应碳化硅单晶电学性质电阻率电阻系数样品架碳化硅德保

干眼的流行病学研究中评估患者自述的疾病分类

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（眼科学分册） 2005年第2期1卷 32-33页

作者： Nichols J.J. Mitchell G.L. Nichols k.k 齐翔云 Ohio State University 320 West 10th Avenue Columbus OH 43218-2342 United States

PURPOSE. To evaluate the reliability of self-reported dry eye disease status and patient-related predictors of misclassification in contact lens wearers. ME THODS. Patients completed the Contact Lens Dry Eye Questionnaire (CLDEQ) short form on two occ asions. Test-retest reliability of the CLDEQ composite score was determined usi ng the 95%limits of agreement (LoA) and an intraclass correlation coefficient ( ICC). The κstatistic was used to determine reliability of disease-classificati on-based CLDEQ composite score cutoff points. Predictors of misclassification w ere determined by multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS. The sample included 274 patients. The range of CLDEQ composite scores from both visits was -1.83 t o 4.50 and the mean difference between administrations was -0.05±0.75 (P=0.30) . The 95%LoA of the CLDEQ composite score were -1.51 to 1.42 and the ICC was 0 .61 (95%confidence interval CI: 0.53-0.68). Calculations using the lower lim it of the 95%CI showed that three administrations of the survey would be requir ed to obtain a more desirable ICC (0.70). The κstatistic for reliability of dry eye disease classification was 0.58 (95%CI: 0.48-0.67). Logistic regression s howed a significant interaction between gender (females) and younger age (P=0.02 ) in relation to misclassification of self-reported dry eye disease status. CON CLUSIONS. The reliability of selfreported dry eye disease classification in cont act lens wearers is moderate. In epidemiologic studies of factors associated wit h self-reported disease status, investigators may be well advised to consider u sing multiple administers of such outcome instruments and controlling for sociod emographic characteristics to maintain internal validity.

关键词：疾病分类患者自述中评估流行病学研究接触镜分类误差可信限组内相关系数社会人口学特征统计量