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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第8期16卷 973-981页

作者： sandra Braun Christoph Berg sandra Buck Michael Gregor Reinhild Klein Department of Internal Medicine University of Tuebingen Department of Internal Medicine University of Tuebingen

AIM:To search for further immunodominant peptides of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex E2-component (PDC-E2) recognized by antimitochondrial antibodies (AMA) in primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). METHODS:Sera from 95 patients with PBC were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay against 33 synthetic overlapping peptides (25 amino acids; aa) covering the entire length of the E2-subunit of PDC-E2. Furthermore,the inner lipoyl peptide 167-184 was used in an unlip oylated and a lipoylated form as well as coupled to ovalbumin. Sera from 11 AMA negative/AnA posit ive PBC patients,63 patients with other liver disorders and 22 healthy blood donors served as controls.RESULTS:Of the 95 PBC-sera,74% reacted with the peptide 475-499 and 58% with the pept ide 407-431 located within the catalytic domain of PDC-E2. Patients with other disorders or healthy controls were positive in only up to 18%. Antibodies to the unlipoylatedand lip oylated pept ide 167-184 within the inner lipoyl domain were found in only 5% and 11% of the PBC sera,respectively; using ovalbumin-coupled peptides,the incidence increased up to 57% (unlipoylated form). COnCLUSIOn:Peptides within the catalytic site of PDC-E2 rather than the previously reported lipoyl binding peptide 167-184 may represent major immunodomin ant epitopes recognized by AMA in PBC.

关键词： Anti-M2 Epitope mapping E2-subunit Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex Inner lipoyl domain Active site Catalytic domain Primary biliary cirrhosis

A Clearinghouse for Genome-Edited Crops and Field Testing

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Molecular Plant 2021年第1期14卷 3-5页

作者： Angela Fernando Michael Selvaraj Paul Chavarriaga sandra Valdes Joe Tohme The Alliance of Bioversity International and International Center for Tropical Agriculture(CIAT) Km 17 Recta Cali-PalmiraApartado Aereo 6713763537 CaliColombia

Latin America was commonly called"sleeping giant"for its humid tropics and land base relative to its population size.The International Center for Tropical Agriculture(ClAT,by.its Spanish acronym)was initiated in 1967 to serve three important zones-coastal plains,savannahs,and“hot,humid jungles.”In line,the research areas were organized to be fitted as appropriate into these important ecological zones.Over the 50 years,CIAT has been a forerunner in developing and disseminating improved crop varieties and agricultural technologies,including its pioneering approaches in the tropics.

关键词： initiated fitted plain

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AnCIEnT EGYPT

Journal of Ancient Civilizations 2019年第1期34卷 83-111,127页

作者： sandra L.Lippert CnRS ASM 5140Montpellier

The last 15 years or so have seen a marked increase in the publication of handbooks,manuals,lexica and encyclopaedia on various academic disciplines and sub-disciplines.The consequence is that overview articles on ancient Egyptian law have also proliferated.Obviously,the scope and content of such articles and chapters depend on the one hand on the expectations,specifications and word count parameters given by the editors,and on the other on the individual take of the author.With five chapters1 by Richard Jasnow and Joe Manning that add up to almost 240 pages,Egyptian law fully takes its place alongside other near Eastern legal systems in the chronologically ordered Handbook of Oriental Studies(HdO)double volume edited by Ray Westbrook,and the only reproach that one might find with the quasi-exhaustive handling of the subject is that the citations favour secondary literature over text editions and thus complicate access to the primary sources.

关键词： legal law Eastern

Design multifunctional Mg–Zr coatings regulating Mg alloy bioabsorption

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第4期12卷 1461-1478页

作者： Zohra Benzarti Sandesh Itani JoséDavid Castro sandra Carvalho Ana Sofia Ramos University of Coimbra CEMMPREARISEDepartment of Mechanical EngineeringRua Luís Reis Santos3030-788CoimbraPortugal Laboratory of Multifunctional Materials and Applications(LaMMA) Department of PhysicsFaculty of Sciences of SfaxUniversity of SfaxSoukra Road km 3.5B.P.1171Sfax3000Tunisia

Magnesium(Mg)alloys are widely used for temporary bone implants due to their favorable biodegradability,cytocompatibility,hemocompatibility,and close mechanical properties to bone.However,rapid degradation and inadequate strength limit their applicability.To overcome this,the direct current magnetron sputtering technique is employed for surface coating in Mg-based alloys using various zirconium(Zr)content.This approach presents a promising strategy for simultaneously improving corrosion resistance,maintaining biocompatibility,and enhancing strength without compromising osseointegration.By leveraging Mg’s inherent biodegradability,it has the potential to minimize the need for secondary surgeries,thereby reducing costs and resources.This paper is a systematic study aimed at understanding the corrosion mechanisms of Mg–Zr coatings,denoted Mg-xZr(x=0–5 at.%).Zr-doped coatings exhibited columnar growth leading to denser and refined structures with increasing Zr content.XRD analysis confirmed the presence of the Mg(00.2)basal plane,shifting towards higher angles(1.15°)with 5 at.%Zr doping due to lattice parameter changes(i.e.,decrease and increase of“c”and“a”lattice parameters,respectively).Mg–Zr coatings exhibited“liquidphilic”behavior,while Young’s modulus retained a steady value around 80 GPa across all samples.However,the hardness has significantly improved across all samples’coating,reaching the highest value of(2.2±0.3)GPa for 5 at.%Zr.Electrochemical testing in simulated body fluid(SBF)at 37℃ revealed a significant enhancement in corrosion resistance for Mg–Zr coatings containing 1.0–3.4 at.%Zr.Compared with the 5 at.%Zr coating which exhibited a corrosion rate of 32 mm/year,these coatings displayed lower corrosion rates,ranging from 1 to 12 mm/year.This synergistic enhancement in mechanical properties and corrosion resistance,achieved with 2.0–3.4 at.%Zr,suggests potential ability for reducing stress shielding and controlled degradation performance,and consequently,promising functional biodegradable materials f

关键词： Mg-Zr coatings Magnetron sputtering nanoindentation Corrosion resistance Bone implants

Engineered human pluripotent stem cell-derived natural killer cells with PD-L1 responsive immunological memory for enhanced immunotherapeutic efficacy

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第9期27卷 168-180页

作者： Yun Chang Gyuhyung Jin Weichuan Luo Qian Luo Juhyung Jung Sydney n.Hummel sandra Torregrosa-Allen Bennett D.Elzey Philip S.Low Xiaojun Lance Lian Xiaoping Bao Davidson School of Chemical Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN47907USA Purdue University Institute for Cancer Research West LafayetteIN47907USA Department of Comparative Pathobiology Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA Department of Chemistry Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN47907USA Department of Biomedical Engineering The Huck Institutes of the Life SciencesDepartment of BiologyThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA

Adoptive chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)-engineered natural killer(nK)cells have shown promise in treating various cancers.However,limited immunological memory and access to sufficient numbers of allogenic donor cells have hindered their broader preclinical and clinical applications.Here,we first assess eight different CAR constructs that use an anti-PD-L1 nanobody and/or universal anti-fluorescein(FITC)single-chain variable fragment(scFv)to enhance antigen-specific proliferation and anti-tumor cytotoxicity of nK-92 cells against heterogenous solid tumors.We next genetically engineer human pluripotent stem cells(hPSCs)with optimized CARs and differentiate them into functional dual CAR-nK cells.The tumor microenvironment responsive anti-PD-L1 CAR effectively promoted hPSC-nK cell proliferation and cytotoxicity through antigen-dependent activation of phosphorylated STAT3(pSTAT3)and pSTAT5 signaling pathways via an intracellular truncated IL-2 receptorβ-chain(ΔIL-2Rβ)and STAT3-binding tyrosine-X-X-glutamine(YXXQ)motif.Anti-tumor activities of PD-L1-induced memory-like hPSC-nK cells were further boosted by administering a FITC-folate bi-specific adapter that bridges between a programmable anti-FITC CAR and folate receptor alpha-expressing breast tumor cells.Collectively,our hPSC CAR-nK engineering platform is modular and could constitute a realistic strategy to manufacture off-the-shelf CAR-nK cells with immunological memory-like phenotype for targeted immunotherapy.

关键词： natural killer cells Human pluripotent stem cells Immunological memory Immunotherapy Chimeric antigen receptor

Tocotrienol isoforms:The molecular mechanisms underlying their effects in cancer therapy and their implementation in clinical trials

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第1期22卷 1-11页

作者： Maria Younes Ghady Loubnane Christopher Sleiman sandra Rizk Department of natural Sciences Lebanese American UniversityByblosLebanon

Tocotrienols are found in a variety of natural sources,like rice bran,annatto seeds and palm oil,and have been shown to have several health-promoting properties,particularly against chronic diseases such as cancer.The incidence of cancer is rapidly increasing around the world,not only a result of continued aging and population growth,but also due to the adoption of aspects of the Western lifestyle,such as high-fat diets and low-physical activity.The literature provides strong evidence that tocotrienols are able to inhibit the growth of various cancers,including breast,lung,ovarian,prostate,liver,brain,colon,myeloma and pancreatic cancers.These findings,along with the reported safety profile of tocotrienols in healthy human volunteers,encourage further research into these compounds’potential use in cancer prevention and treatment.The current review provided detailed information about the molecular mechanisms of action of different tocotrienol isoforms in various cancer models and evaluated the potential therapeutic effects of different vitamin E analogues on important cancer hallmarks,such as cellular proliferation,apoptosis,angiogenesis and metastasis.MEDLInE/PubMed and Scopus databases were used to identify recently published articles that investigated the anticancer effects of vitamin E derivatives in various types of cancer in vitro and in vivo along with clinical evidence of adjuvant chemopreventive benefits.Following an overview of pre-clinical studies,we describe several completed and ongoing clinical trials that are paving the way for the successful implementation of tocotrienols in cancer chemotherapy.

关键词： Vitamin E Tocotrienols Cancer Molecular mechanism Clinical trials

Amyloid-beta peptide and tau protein crosstalk in Alzheimer’s disease

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neural Regeneration Research 2022年第8期17卷 1666-1674页

作者： Alejandro R.Roda Gabriel Serra-Mir Laia Montoliu-Gaya Lidia Tiessler sandra Villegas Protein Design and Immunotherapy Group Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia MolecularFacultat de BiociènciesUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraBarcelonaSpain Department of Psychiatry and neurochemistry Institute of Neuroscience and PhysiologyThe Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgSweden

Alzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative disease that accounts for most of the 50-million dementia cases worldwide in 2018.A large amount of evidence supports the amyloid cascade hypothesis,which states that amyloid-beta accumulation triggers tau hyperphosphorylation and aggregation in form of neurofibrillary tangles,and these aggregates lead to inflammation,synaptic impairment,neuronal loss,and thus to cognitive decline and behavioral abnormalities.The poor correlation found between cognitive decline and amyloid plaques,have led the scientific community to question whether amyloid-beta accumulation is actually triggering neurodegeneration in Alzheimer’s disease.The occurrence of tau neurofibrillary tangles better correlates to neuronal loss and clinical symptoms and,although amyloid-beta may initiate the cascade of events,tau impairment is likely the effector molecule of neurodegeneration.Recently,it has been shown that amyloid-beta and tau cooperatively work to impair transcription of genes involved in synaptic function and,more importantly,that downregulation of tau partially reverses transcriptional perturbations.Despite mounting evidence points to an interplay between amyloid-beta and tau,some factors could independently affect both pathologies.Thus,the dual pathway hypothesis,which states that there are common upstream triggers causing both amyloid-beta and tau abnormalities has been proposed.Among others,the immune system seems to be strongly involved in amyloid-beta and tau pathologies.Other factors,as the apolipoprotein Eε4 isoform has been suggested to act as a link between amyloid-beta and tau hyperphosphorylation.Interestingly,amyloid-beta-immunotherapy reduces not only amyloid-beta but also tau levels in animal models and in clinical trials.Likewise,it has been shown that tau-immunotherapy also reduces amyloid-beta levels.Thus,even though amyloid-beta immunotherapy is more advanced than tau-immunotherapy,combined amyloid-beta and tau-directed therapies at early stages of the disease have recently b

关键词： aggregation Alzheimer amyloid-beta dementia immunotherapy inflammation neurodegeneration tau

便携式脑机接口场景下基于DTW的SSVEP识别方法

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便携式脑机接口场景下基于DTW的SSVEP识别方法

作者： sandra Ebele nwachukwu 厦门大学

学位级别：硕士

近年来,脑机接口（Brain-Computer Interface,BCI）在医疗、军事和娱乐等领域上得到了巨大的发展。BCI能建立脑与外界设备直接交互的通道,使人们可以直接通过大脑表达意图。这种特性能够帮助一些患有脑干中风等神经疾病的残疾人恢复与... 详细信息

近年来,脑机接口（Brain-Computer Interface,BCI）在医疗、军事和娱乐等领域上得到了巨大的发展。BCI能建立脑与外界设备直接交互的通道,使人们可以直接通过大脑表达意图。这种特性能够帮助一些患有脑干中风等神经疾病的残疾人恢复与外界交互的能力。基于稳态视觉诱发电位（Steady State Visual Evoked Potential.SSVEP）的BCI系统具有操作简便、无需训练、信息传输率高等特点,在商业用途中存在很大的应用前景。然而,目前大多数基于SSVEP的BCI系统采用了不便携带的刺激显示界面和昂贵的脑电采集设备,这导致了基于SSVEP的BCI系统无法实际应用到日常生活当中。本文为了解决该问题,结合便捷式脑电采集设备Emotiv EPOC和智能手机,设计了一种便捷式脑机接口系统,并且针对传统刺激范式容易使眼睛疲劳的问题,采用了一种基于灰度值变化的刺激范式。这种范式具有用户友好度更高、可实现刺激频率范围更广等优点。相比于昂贵的高采样频率的脑电采集设备,由于采样频率仅有128Hz,Emotiv EPOC记录的脑电信号质量通常较低,所能包含的脑电信息细节较少,对脑电信号的分析与识别提出了更高的要求。为此,本文针对如何提高便携式脑机接口系统识别率问题,提出了一种基于动态时间扭曲（Dynamic Time Warping,DTW）的分析方法。为了选择最佳的DTW模板,在所提出的基于DTW的分析方法基础上,构建了多个模板并进行对比测试。这些模板包括人工参考信号、基于离散小波变换的模板、基于多集（Multiset）的模板和个人模板等。结果表明,基于离散小波变换的模板的性能优于其它模板。对同一数据集进行分析的数据结果显示,基于DTW的分析方法的平均准确率为83.63%,而传统的典型相关分析方法（Canonical Correlation Analysis,CCA）的平均准确率为65.71%。这表明基于DTW的分析方法具有较好性能和潜在的应用前景。

关键词：脑机接口脑电图稳态视觉诱发电位典型相关分析动态时间扭曲

Epidural electrical stimulation for spinal cord injury

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neural Regeneration Research 2021年第12期16卷 2367-2375页

作者： Elliot H.Choi sandra Gattas nolan J.Brown John D.Hong Joshua n.Limbo Alvin Y.Chan Michael Y.Oh Department of Pharmacology School of MedicineCase Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOHUSA Department of Ophthalmology Gavin Herbert Eye InstituteSchool of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA Department of neurosurgery University of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA

A long-standing goal of spinal cord injury research is to develop effective repair strategies,which can restore motor and sensory functions to near-normal levels.Recent advances in clinical management of spinal cord injury have significantly improved the prognosis,survival rate and quality of life in patients with spinal cord injury.In addition,a significant progress in basic science research has unraveled the underlying cellular and molecular events of spinal cord injury.Such efforts enabled the development of pharmacologic agents,biomaterials and stem-cell based therapy.Despite these efforts,there is still no standard care to regenerate axons or restore function of silent axons in the injured spinal cord.These challenges led to an increased focus on another therapeutic approach,namely neuromodulation.In multiple animal models of spinal cord injury,epidural electrical stimulation of the spinal cord has demonstrated a recovery of motor function.Emerging evidence regarding the efficacy of epidural electrical stimulation has further expanded the potential of epidural electrical stimulation for treating patients with spinal cord injury.However,most clinical studies were conducted on a very small number of patients with a wide range of spinal cord injury.Thus,subsequent studies are essential to evaluate the therapeutic potential of epidural electrical stimulation for spinal cord injury and to optimize stimulation parameters.Here,we discuss cellular and molecular events that continue to damage the injured spinal cord and impede neurological recovery following spinal cord injury.We also discuss and summarize the animal and human studies that evaluated epidural electrical stimulation in spinal cord injury.

关键词： central nervous system chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans epidural electrical stimulation glial scar gliosis neural activity neuromodulation oligodendrocyte spinal cord injury

Pork Meat Quality of Preto Alentejano and Commercial Largewhite Landrace Cross

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2013年第11期12卷 1961-1971页

作者： Alfredo Teixeira sandra Rodrigues Veterinary and Animal Reserch Centre (CECAV) Agrarian School of Polytechnic Institute of BraganaCampus Sta Apolónia Apt.1172Bragan a 5301-855Portugal Mountain Research Centre(CIMO) Agrarian School of Polytechnic Institute of BraganaCampus Sta Apolónia Apt.1172Bragan a 5301-855Portugal

This work aimed to evaluate the physical-chemical characteristics of pork from a local breed （Portuguese black pork called Preto Alentejano） and a commercial breed. Sixteen animals were used, 4 females and 4 males from each breed. Animals had 80-100 kg of live weight. The longissimus muscle between the 5th thoracic vertebra and the 10th lumbar vertebra was used in the analysis. Samples were analysed for protein, fat, pigments, ashes, dry mater, water-holding capacity, and texture. Results of fat and pigments contents indicate signiifcant （P〈0.05 and P〈0.01） differences for all treatments. For protein, ashes, dry mater, water-holding capacity and texture, no signiifcant differences were found for sex. In the analysis of fatty acids composition, ten were detected, being the main ones C16：0, C18：0, C16：1, C18：1, C18：2. There was a predominance of monounsaturated fatty acids （MUFA）, followed by saturated （SFA） and polyunsaturated （PUFA）. Differences were signiifcant for sex （P〈0.01） and breed （P〈0.01）. Preto Alentejano breed and females presented the higher percentages of SFA （P〈0.01） and MUFA （P〈0.001） fatty acids. Differences between breeds might be due to breed production system and feed differences.

关键词： breed sex pork meat quality