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Allicin neuroprotective effect during oxidative/inflammatory injury involves AT1-Hsp70-inOS counterbalance axis

BIOCELL 2020年第4期44卷 671-681页

作者： LUCIAnA MAZZEI MARÍA BELÉn RUIZ-ROSO nATALIA DE LAS HERAS sandra BALLESTEROS CAROLInA TORRESPALAZZOLO LEÓn FERDER ALEJAnDRA BEATRIZ CAMARGO WALTER MAnUCHA Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo(IMBECU) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas(CONICET)Mendoza5500Argentina Área de Farmacología Departamento de PatologíaFacultad de Ciencias MédicasUniversidad Nacional de Cuyo Centro UniversitarioMendoza5500Argentina Departamento de Fisiología Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad ComplutenseMadrid34523España IBAM Universidad Nacional de CuyoCONICETFacultad de Ciencias AgrariasMendozaM5528AHBArgentina Department of Pediatrics Nephrology DivisionMiller School of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiami33012USA

The ancestral cultures have described many therapeutic properties of garlic,therefore,it is of central interest to elucidate the molecular basis explaining this millenary empirical knowledge.Indeed,it has been demonstrated a neuroprotective effect of allicin–a phytochemical present in garlic-linked to oxidative-inflammatory modulation.Allicin improved neuronal injury by heat shock protein 70(Hsp70)and inducible nitric oxide synthase(inOS)regulation.Also,allicin exerts renal protection involving a possible angiotensin type 1 receptor(AT1)interaction.In connection,AT1 overexpression has been recognized as a central deleterious factor in many brain diseases.However,there are no studies that evaluate AT1-Hsp70-inOS interaction as a mechanism linked to neuroinflammation.Thus,our central aim is to evaluate if the allicin protective effect is associated with an AT1-Hsp70-inOS counterbalance axis.For this study,a murine microglial cell line(BV-2)was injured with lipopolysaccharides and treated or not with allicin.Then,it was evaluated cell viability,proinflammatory cytokine levels,cellular oxidative stress,inOS,Hsp70,and AT1 protein expression(cellular and mitochondrial fractions),nitrite levels,and protein-protein interactions.The results demonstrated that allicin could prevent neuronal injury due to a reduction in oxidative stress and inflammatory status mediated by an AT1-Hsp70-inOS counterbalance axis linked to direct protein-protein interaction.

关键词： Allicin neuroinflammation BV-2 cells AT1 receptors inOS Hsp70

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normal and abnormal grain growth in magnesium:Experimental observations and simulations

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2020年第15期47卷 257-270页

作者： Risheng Pei sandra Korte-Kerzel Talal Al-Samman Institut fur Metallkunde und Materialphysik RWTH Aachen UniversityD-52056AachenGermany

Commercial purity as-cast magnesium was hot rolled and subsequently annealed at different temperatures in order to investigate its grain growth behavior and link it to the texture evolution.Annealing at an intermediate temperature of 220℃ gave rise to abnormal grain growth with a few grains reaching a grain diameter 10 times larger than the mean.Increasing the annealing temperature to 350℃ yielded normal grain growth.Both types of grain growth revealed a strengthening of the(0001) texture component.It is hypothesized that a dislocation density gradient after recrystallization grants(0001) grains a size advantage during early stages of growth.The type of growth will be,however,determined by the mobility of the present grain boundaries and triple junction drag,which are strongly dependent on the annealing temperature.The above hypothesis of the interplay between these parameters was explored through curvature-and re sidual dislocation-density-gradient-driven grain growth simulations using a formerly developed level-set approach.The simulation outcome suggests that application of such a modeling approach in microstructure studies of magnesium can provide valuable new insights into the problem of grain growth and associated texture evolutio n.

关键词： Pure magnesium Grain growth Texture Dislocation density gradient Level-set modeling

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A biophysical perspective on the unexplored mechanisms driving Parkinson’s disease by amphetamine-like stimulants

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neural Regeneration Research 2021年第11期16卷 2213-2214页

作者： Carla Ferreira Joana Couceiro sandra Tenreiro Alexandre Quintas Molecular Pathology and Forensic Biochemistry Laboratory Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas MonizP-2825-084 CaparicaPortugal Laboratório de Ciências Forenses e Psicológicas Egas Moniz Campus Universitário–Quinta da GranjaMonte de CaparicaP-2825-084 CaparicaPortugal Faculty of Medicine of Porto University Al.Prof.Hernâni MonteiroP-4200–319 PortoPortugal inOVA4Health CEDOCNOVA Medical SchoolNMSUniversidade Nova de Lisboa1169-056 LisboaPortugal

Epidemiological studies have reported an increased risk of Parkinson’s disease(PD)development in amphetamine-type stimulant users during their lifetime(Garwood et al.,2006;Rumpf et al.,2017).Protein inclusions mainly composed of misfolded and aggregatedα-synuclein are the pathological hallmark of PD and other disorders known as synucleinopathies.Molecular studies present evidence that amphetamine upregulatesα-synuclein synthesis in substantia nigra.The increment ofα-synuclein levels promotes its aggregation and amyloid fibril formation,increasing reactive oxygen species(ROS),and consequently dopamine oxidation(Wang and Witt,2014),known to be toxic for dopaminergic neurons involved in motor function and limbicmotor integration.Over the years,these damaged cells lose their functionality and may die precociously,depleting the reserve of neural cells necessary for the normal neurological function which contributes to the onset of PD,when a critical number of cells are lost(Garwood et al.,2006).Therefore,the use of amphetamine-type stimulants may be a trigger event in the development of PD and parkinsonism,in conjugation to other risk factors that a given individual may hold.Despite the evidence,a previous study suggests that there is not enough data to corroborate the loss of dopamine neurons due to human amphetamine-type stimulant exposure,and consequently its implication in the PD development(Kish et al.,2017).

关键词： driving increment lifetime

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Germ-free, carefree: injured skin uses IL-24 to kick-start repair independent of pathogen-recognition

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2023年第11期8卷 5129-5131页

作者： Ruben A.Ferrer Marta Torregrossa sandra Franz Department of Dermatology Allergology and VenerologyUniversity LeipzigLeipzigGermany

Skin injury releases damage-associated molecular patterns(DAMPs)represented by tissue-components and intracellular contents as well as changes in the levels of certain molecules and metabolites that signal the“non-homeostatic”state of the tissue.In addition,microorganisms entering a wound release molecules,which are sensed as“non-self”(pathogen-associated molecular patterns,PAMPs).Together,DAMPs and PAMPs initiate a complex and coordinated repair process aimed at restoring homeostasis.The exciting work from Liu et al.reports of an additional novel mechanism by which a“non-homeostatic”state in murine cutaneous wounds elicits a response through IL-24 to mediate repair(Fig.1).

关键词： wound homeostasis release

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Hyper-chaos encryption using convolutional masking and model free unmasking

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Chinese Physics B 2014年第5期23卷 161-166页

作者：齐国元 sandra Bazebo Matondo Department of Electrical Engineerin Tshwane University of Technology Pretoria

In this paper, during the masking process the encrypted message is convolved and embedded into a Qi hyper-chaotic system characterizing a high disorder degree. The masking scheme was tested using both Qi hyper-chaos and Lorenz chaos and indicated that Qi hyper-chaos based masking can resist attacks of the filtering and power spectrum analysis, while the Lorenz based scheme fails for high amplitude data. To unmask the message at the receiving end, two methods are proposed. In the first method, a model-free synchronizer, i.e. a multivariable higher-order differential feedback controller between the transmitter and receiver is employed to de-convolve the message embedded in the receiving signal. In the second method, no synchronization is required since the message is de-convolved using the information of the estimated derivative.

关键词： Qi hyper-chaos masking high-order differentiator chaos-based encryption

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In search for novel strategies towards neuroprotection and neuroregeneration: is PPARα a promising therapeutic target?

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neural Regeneration Research 2015年第9期10卷 1409-1412页

作者： sandra Moreno Maria Paola Cerù Department of Science-LIME University Roma Tre Department of Life Health and Environmental Sciences University of L’AquilaCoppito (AQ) Italy

Peroxisome proliferator activated receptors： In the early 1990s, seminal work on rodent liver demonstrated that the hypolipidemic effect of xenobiotics, referred to as peroxisome proliferators, was mediated by a member of steroid hormone receptor superfamily, thus designated peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors （PPARs）（Issemann and Green, 1990; Dreyer et al., 1992）. The research field opened by this discovery led to the identification of three isotypes, namely PPARa （nR1C1）, PPAR[3/6 （nRIC2）, PPARy （nRIC3）, in a wide range of tissues. All these receptors act as ligand-activated transcription factors, binding lipid molecules with different, though overlapping, specificity.

关键词： PPAR a promising therapeutic target is PPAR

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Colorectal cancer vaccines: Tumor-associated antigens vs neoantigens

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第48期24卷 5418-5432页

作者： sandra Wagner Christina S Mullins Michael Linnebacher Section of Molecular Oncology and Immunotherapy General SurgeryUniversity Medical Center

Therapeutic options for the treatment of colorectal cancer(CRC) are diverse but still not always satisfying. Recent success of immune checkpoint inhibition treatment for the subgroup of CRC patients suffering from hypermutated tumors suggests a permanent role of immune therapy in the clinical management of CRC. Substantial improvement in treatment outcome could be achieved by development of efficient patient-individual CRC vaccination strategies. This mini-review summarizes the current knowledge on the two general classes of targets: tumor-associated antigens(TAAs) and tumorspecific antigens. TAAs like carcinoembryonic antigen and melanoma associated antigen are present in and shared by a subgroup of patients and a variety of clinical studies examined the efficacy of different TAA-derived peptide vaccines. Combinations of several TAAs as the next step and the development of personalized TAA-based peptide vaccines are discussed. Improvements of peptidebased vaccines achievable by adjuvants and immunestimulatory chemotherapeutics are highlighted. Finally, we sum up clinical studies using tumor-specific antigens-in CRC almost exclusively neoantigens-which revealed promising results; particularly no severe adverse events were reported so far. Critical progress for clinical outcomes can be expected by individualizing neoantigen-based peptide vaccines and combining them with immunestimulatory chemotherapeutics and immune checkpoint inhibitors. In light of these data and latest developments, truly personalized neoantigen-based peptide vaccines can be expected to fulfill modern precision medicine's requirements and will manifest as treatment pillar for routine clinical management of CRC.

关键词： Cancer vaccines Colorectal neoplasm Immunotherapy neoplasm antigen tumor-associated antigens tumor-specific antigens neoantigen(s)

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基于特征学习的校园场景识别与定位

基于特征学习的校园场景识别与定位

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作者： UMURUnGI sandra nicole 北京交通大学

学位级别：硕士

计算机视觉是一门跨学科的科学领域,涉及计算机如何从数字图像中获得高级理解。从工程学的角度来看,它试图理解人类视觉系统可以完成的任务并通过编程的方式实现。计算机视觉任务包括用于获取、处理、分析、理解数字图像和提取可产生数... 详细信息

计算机视觉是一门跨学科的科学领域,涉及计算机如何从数字图像中获得高级理解。从工程学的角度来看,它试图理解人类视觉系统可以完成的任务并通过编程的方式实现。计算机视觉任务包括用于获取、处理、分析、理解数字图像和提取可产生数字或符号形式的决策信息的高维数据的方法。场景识别是机器人和计算机视觉应用的基本问题,而学习特征是计算机视觉的一个重要技术,它是允许系统从原始数据中自动发现特征检测或分类所需的表示形式的技术。本研究的校园场景识别和定位的基本特征学习是属于图像定位领域的,对图像中的物体进行定位、摄像机拍摄的场景图像的定位与识别又是计算机视觉领域的一项任务,也是解决识别问题的第一步。现有的研究说明了场景识别和分类定位的重要性。本文采取了五种不同的行为方式,如鼓掌,拳击,挥手,投掷和步行。使用HOG＆SIFT等特征检测技术,并在支持向量机上训练,最终给出了准确的结果。基于图像定位的目的是从单一的查询图像中检索出感兴趣区域内摄像机的姿态（方位和位置）,并显示出可识别的目标位置,本研究的目标是通过使用摄像机拍摄各个建筑物不同角度的照片,来对这些位置进行定位。本文使用了一种对图像预处理的方法,目的是去除不必要的信息,帮助模型有效地学习图像的特征,从而提高了精度。本文还介绍了图像预处理的几种方法,包括调整图像大小、创建图像像素阵列和数据采集、去除图像中的背景噪声。特征提取对正确检测目标具有重要作用,本文提出了一种基于兴趣的局部特征提取方法用于检测图像中的关键点,该方法通过计算该点周围区域的方向梯度（HOG）直方图,并用尺度不变特征变换（SIFT）提取特征,该变换包括四个主要阶段:尺度空间的极值检测、特征点定位、特征方向赋值和特征点描述。为了评价本研究提出方法的性能,使用一组新的测试图像预测其类别,并给出位置预测的准确性。将支持向量机（SVM）算法用于特征提取后的图像分类。支持向量机是一组用于分类的监督式学习方法,适用于广义线性分类。支持向量机的特点是,它能同时最小化经验分类误差和最大化几何边缘区,因此支持向量机（SVM）被称为最大边缘区分类器。支持向量机将输入向量映射到一个高维特征空间,在该空间中构造一个最大分离超平面,在分离超平面的每一侧构造两个平行超平面,分离超平面是使两个平行超平面之间的距离最大化的超平面。这些平行超平面之间的差距或距离越大,则说明分类器的泛化误差就越小,论文的最后在对常见评估指标进行了比较的基础上,我们将混淆矩阵用于评估本研究提出方法的性能。混淆矩阵是一个表格,通常用于描述一个分类模型在一组已知真实值的测试数据上的性能。它允许可视化算法的性能,并显示分类模型在进行预测时被混淆的部分。本研究首先介绍了所使用的数据集,并对数据集进行了预处理,然后对数据进行提取特征,最后将每幅图像对应的特征组合成不同类别的分类图像用于场景识别。由于定义场景识别是计算机视觉的一项里程碑式的任务,因此可以定义用于对象识别的上下文。该方法同时利用图像的全局特征描述符、局部特征描述符以及对应于每个图像的描述符,从每幅图像中提取与检测到的关键点相对应的尺度不变特征变换（SIFT）特征。本研究主要利用sklimage库（scikit图像）进行特征提取。对应于图像中的每个关键点,都存在一个尺度不变的特征变换描述符,其尺寸由参数步长（描述符采样点之间的距离）和半径（描述扫描区域的尺寸）控制。本研究还提取了一个与不同粒度的整个图像相对应的标准方向梯度（HOG）描述子直方图（利用像素/单元、单元/块和方向的参数）,该直方图允许我们选择不同尺度的特征。实验采用标准支持向量机（SVM）分类器进行场景识别。我们利用sckit-learn（sklearn）库来实现支持向量机,通过将数据集随机分成训练集和测试集来进行交叉验证,并从划分的训练集中构造训练特征向量。最后我们通过得到的总体准确性、混淆矩阵以及标准信息检索数据,如精确率、召回率和F值来评价本研究提出的方法的性能。我们收集了北京交通大学收集的数据,将各个建筑的地标作为该地点的标志位置,在每组中构建了53组用于场景识别的建筑地标图像,其中包含了该建筑地标在不同角度的更多图像。然后将用于场景识别的数据集分为两类（训练和测试）,通过随机选择训练集和测试集,得到了特、场景识别和定位技术上的实验结果。最后我们可以在数据集中检索图像进行场景匹配,并分析了实例级地标匹配对场景识别等影响定位精度的因素。在本研究的实验中使用python编写来实现特征提取和分类器模型。实验实现了从所有训练图像中提取的尺度不变特征变换（SIFT）描述子。在单用尺度不变特征变换（SIFT）描述子时,分类准确率为76%,平均准确率为76%,平均召回率为75%,平均F1分数为71%。在只使用方向梯度直方图（HOG）时的分类准确率为56%,平均准确率为61%,平均召回率为52%,平均F1分数为58%。最后,利用支持向量机算法对训练后的数据集进行分类,发现

关键词：学习特征提取特征场景识别场景分类

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Climatic and fire determinants of early life-history stages in the Mediterranean shrub Cistus albidus

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2020年第1期13卷 3-11页

作者： sandra Saura-Mas Anna Saperas Franciso Lloret Center for Ecological Research and Forestry Applications(CREAF) E 08193 BellaterraBarcelonaSpain Unit of Ecology Department of Animal and Plant Biology and EcologyAutonomous University of BarcelonaE-08193 BellaterraBarcelonaSpain

在伊比利亚半岛东北部沿水分梯度的典型地中海灌丛中对白毛岩蔷薇(Cistus albidus)的繁殖性状进行研究。火对该物种的萌发非常有利。此外,地中海的物种特别依赖于水分有效性。因此,我们建立了一个假说,即除火灾干扰外,该地中海植物的幼... 详细信息

在伊比利亚半岛东北部沿水分梯度的典型地中海灌丛中对白毛岩蔷薇(Cistus albidus)的繁殖性状进行研究。火对该物种的萌发非常有利。此外,地中海的物种特别依赖于水分有效性。因此,我们建立了一个假说,即除火灾干扰外,该地中海植物的幼苗更新将因干旱事件得到改善,主要通过干旱事件引发冠层大量死亡。本研究收集了白毛岩蔷薇几个种群的个体,并对果实和种子的大小、重量和数量进行测定。同时也对五种发芽前处理进行了发芽测试:热激、吸胀、两个吸胀/干燥循环,以及热激和吸胀与吸胀/干燥循环的组合。此外,在野外对干旱事件后的幼苗数量进行了调查,并与冠层死亡进行相关分析。我们的研究表明,沿水分利用梯度,白毛岩蔷薇繁殖性状(例如发芽率和果实产量)具有变异性。这种变异性导致干旱条件下果实产量减少而发芽率增加。白毛岩蔷薇种子会因受热增加发芽率,表明它们具有在火灾后能够成功更新的能力。然而,白毛岩蔷薇种群的增长并不完全取决于火,因为在极端干旱后死亡的白毛岩蔷薇冠层下的幼苗更新率更高。最后,成年个体密度增加了白毛岩蔷薇的死亡以及幼苗的更新。这些结果表明,该物种在不同的繁殖结果(即种子产量与存活率)间表现出权衡,而这种权衡又取决于气候。这项研究也为种内竞争、气候(尤其是干旱事件和火干扰)如何影响常见且具有代表性的地中海易火灌木的生活史关键早期阶段的成功提供了证据。

关键词：幼苗发芽白毛岩蔷薇生活史地中海,火灾,干旱,恢复力

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Performance test of organic planting bags for woody plant seedlings

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2020年第5期13卷 93-98页

作者： Musthofa Lutfi Wahyunanto Agung nugroho Huy Thanh Vo Gunomo Djoyowasito Ary Mustofa Ahmad sandra sandra Department of Agricultural Engineering Faculty of Agricultural TechnologyBrawijaya UniversityMalang 65145Indonesia Division of Urban Infrastructural Engineering Mien Trung University of Civil EngineeringPhu Yen 56000Vietnam

Organic planting bag has been developed to overcome both weaknesses of plastic polybags,contaminating the soil and damaging the plant’s root when transplanting.The improvement in this stage was achieved by inserting coconut fiber to strengthen a bag.The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of seedling and transplanting by using organic planting bags,employed,three woody plants,i.e.,Albizia(Albizia julibrissin),Cadam(neolamarckia cadamba)and Gmelina(Gmelina arborea).Performance testing of organic plant bags was conducted on three compositions of coconut fiber and water hyacinth.Two stages of experiments were conducted to know bag performance.First,the testing of organic plant bags during the nursery was conducted for 50 d from day 0 to day 50.Second,the testing of organic plant bags after transplanting and observed on days 60,70,and 80,after transplanted on the field.The parameters in this study were plant height,a total of roots that penetrate the organic plant bags and a total of leaves and stem diameters of plant grown in the organic bag and transplanting on land.The results showed that organic planting bag with the composition 155 g of coconut fiber and 505 g of water hyacinth(A3B3)has 0.020 kg/cm^(2) compressive strength and provides the best plant growth rates.Compressive strength affects the number of roots which penetrate the organic bag.Generally,the growth of seed in organic bags is faster than that in polybags.Albizia shows a higher growth rate(0.379 cm/d)compared to Cadam and Gmelina.

关键词： seedling effectiveness organic planting bag nursery transplanting woody plant

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