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Anatomical distributional defects in mutant genes associated with dominant intermediate Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type C in an adenovirus-mediated mouse model

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第3期12卷 486-492页

作者： Seo Jin Lee sandesh panthi Hyun Woo Jo Jaeyoung Cho Min-Sik Kim Na Young Jeong In Ok Song Junyang Jung Youngbuhm Huh Department of Biomedical Science Graduate SchoolKyung Hee UniversityDongdaemun-guSeoulKorea Department of Medicine Graduate SchoolKyung Hee UniversityDongdaemun-guSeoulKorea Department of Applied Chemistry College of Applied ScienceKyung Hee UniversityYongin-siGyeonggi-doKorea Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology College of MedicineDong-A UniversitySeo-guBusanKorea Department of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyCheil General HospitalDankook University College of MedicineJung-guSeoulKorea Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology College of MedicineKyung Hee UniversityDongdaemun-guSeoulKorea

Dominant intermediate Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type C（DI-CMTC） is a dominantly inherited neuropathy that has been classified primarily based on motor conduction velocity tests but is now known to involve axonal and demyelination ***-CMTC is linked to tyrosyl-t RNA synthetase（YARS）-associated neuropathies,which are caused by E196 K and G41 R missense mutations and a single de novo deletion（153-156 del VKQV）.It is well-established that these YARS mutations induce neuronal dysfunction,morphological symptoms involving axonal degeneration,and impaired motor *** present study is the first to describe a novel mouse model of YARS-mutation-induced neuropathy involving a neuron-specific promoter with a deleted mitochondrial targeting sequence that inhibits the expression of YARS protein in the *** adenovirus vector system and in vivo techniques were utilized to express YARS fusion proteins with a Flag-tag in the spinal cord,peripheral axons,and dorsal root *** transfection of YARS-expressing viruses,the distributions of wild-type（WT） YARS and E196 K mutant proteins were compared in all expressed regions; G41 R was not *** proportion of Flag/green fluorescent protein（GFP） double-positive signaling in the E196 K mutant-type mice did not significantly differ from that of WT mice in dorsal root ganglion *** adenovirus genes,and even the empty vector without the YARS gene,exhibited GFP-positive signaling in the ventral horn of the spinal cord because GFP in an adenovirus vector is driven by a cytomegalovirus *** present study demonstrated that anatomical differences in tissue can lead to dissimilar expressions of YARS ***,use of this novel animal model will provide data regarding distributional defects between mutant and WT genes in neurons,the DICMTC phenotype,and potential treatment approaches for this disease.

关键词： nerve regeneration tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase YARS-associated neuropathy YARS mutation Charcot-Marie- Tooth Disease adenoviral vector-mediated mouse models neural regeneration

Approaches for enhancing the photocatalytic activities of barium titanate:A review

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第10期31卷 160-188,I0004页

作者： Gopal panthi Mira Park Carbon Composite Energy Nanomaterials Research Center Woosuk UniversityWanjuChonbuk 55338Republic of Korea Woosuk Institute of Smart Convergence Life Care(WSCLC)Woosuk UniversityWanjuChonbuk 55338Republic of Korea

Barium titanate(Ba TiO_(3)),a dielectric/ferroelectric semiconductor with perovskite structures is the most widely used photocatalyst in the field of environmental applications due to its low-cost,chemical stability,and *** types and forms of Ba TiO_(3)have shown their great potential toward the significant photocatalytic reactions owing to the several beneficial properties,including appropriate band positions,high oxygen vacancies,multiple crystal structures,the feasibility of size and morphology tailoring,spontaneous polarization,rapid migration of photogenerated charge carriers,and band ***,the large band gap and recombination of photogenerated charge carriers limit the overall photocatalytic efficiency of Ba TiO_(3).These difficulties can be further overcome by modifying the electronic band structure of Ba TiO_(3)to broaden its absorption to the visible region of the ***,this review encompasses various strategies,including modification of sizes and morphologies of particles by varying the reaction time and synthesis temperature,doping with non-metals/metals,loading with noble metals,and forming heterojunctions for enhancing the photocatalytic activities of Ba TiO_(3)-based photocatalysts possessing the effective capability of charge carrier separation,trapping and their transfer to the surface of ***,this review highlights the photocatalytic applications of Ba TiO_(3)-based photocatalysts along with the proposed mechanism in dyes/drugs degradation,H_(2)production,and bacteria killing.

关键词： Electrospinning BaTiO_(3)-photocatalyst Ferroelectricity Heterojunction Environmental remediation

Roughness evaluation in shotcrete-lined water tunnels with invert concrete based on cases from Nepal

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2018年第1期10卷 42-59页

作者： Chhatra Bahadur Basnet Krishna Kanta panthi Department of Geosciences and Petroleum Norwegian University of Science and Technology

Most of the existing roughness estimation methods for water tunnels are related to either unlined or concrete/steel-lined tunnels. With the improvement in shotcrete technology, advancement in tunneling equipment and cost and time effectiveness, future water tunnels built for hydropower projects will consist of rock support with the extensive use of shotcrete lining in combination with systematic bolting and concrete lining in the tunnel invert. However, very little research has been performed to find out tunnel surface roughness for shotcrete-lined tunnels with invert concrete, which is important in calculating overall head loss along the waterway system to achieve an optimum and economic hydropower plant design. Hence, the main aim of this article is to review prevailing methods available to calculate tunnel wall roughness, and to use existing methods of head loss calculation to back-calculate roughness of the shotcrete-lined tunnels with invert concrete by exploiting measured head loss and actual cross-sectional profiles of two headrace tunnels from Nepal. Furthermore, the article aims to establish a link between the Manning coefficient and the physical roughness of the shotcrete-lined tunnel with invert concrete and to establish a link between over-break thickness and physical roughness. Attempts are also made to find a correlation between over-break thickness and rock mass quality described by Q-system and discussions are conducted on the potential cost savings that can be made if concrete lining is replaced by shotcrete lining with invert concrete.

关键词： Shotcrete-lined water tunnels Friction loss Physical and hydraulic roughnesses Tunnel over-break

Densification behavior of yttria-stabilized zirconia powders for solid oxide fuel cell electrolytes

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2018年第4期7卷 325-335页

作者： Dhruba panthi Nader HEDAYAT Yanhai DU College of Aeronautics and Engineering Kent State University Department of Engineering Technology Kent State University at Tuscarawas

Yttria-stabilized zirconia(YSZ) is the most common electrolyte material for solid oxide fuel cells. Herein, we conducted a comparative study on the densification behavior of three different kinds of commercial 8 mol% YSZ powders:(i) TZ-8Y(Tosoh, Japan),(ii) MELox 8Y(MEL Chemicals, UK), and(iii) YSZ-HT(Huatsing Power, China). The comparison was made on both the selfsupporting pellets and thin-film electrolytes coated onto a NiO–YSZ anode support. For the pellets, MELox 8Y showed the highest densification at lower sintering temperatures with 93% and 96% of the theoretical density at 1250 and 1300 ℃, respectively. Although YSZ-HT showed a higher sintering rate than TZ-8Y, a sintering temperature of 1350 ℃ was required for both the powders to reach 95% of the theoretical density. For the thin-film electrolytes, on the other hand, YSZ-HT showed the highest sintering rate with a dense microstructure at a co-sintering temperature of 1250 ℃. Our results indicate that besides the average particle size, other factors such as particle size distribution and post-processing play a significant role in determining the sintering rate and densification behavior of the YSZ powders. Additionally, a close match in the sintering shrinkage of the electrolyte and anode support is important for facilitating the densification of the thin-film electrolytes.

关键词： yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) SOFC electrolyte densification shrinkage co-sintering

Analysis of unlined pressure shafts and tunnels of selected Norwegian hydropower projects

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2018年第3期10卷 486-512页

作者： Chhatra Bahadur Basnet Krishna Kanta panthi Department of Geoscience and Petroleum Norwegian University of Science and Technology

Norwegian hydropower industry has more than 100 years of experiences in constructing more than4000 km-long unlined pressure shafts and tunnels with maximum static head of 1047 m（equivalent to almost 10.5 MPa） reached at unlined pressure tunnel of Nye Tyin project. Experiences gained from construction and operation of these unlined pressure shafts and tunnels were the foundation to develop design criteria and principles applied in Norway and some other countries. In addition to the confinement criteria, Norwegian state-of-the-art design principle for unlined pressure shaft and tunnel is that the minor principal stress at the location of unlined pressure shaft or tunnel should be more than the water pressure in the shaft or tunnel. This condition of the minor principal stress is prerequisite for the hydraulic jacking/splitting not to occur through joints and fractures in rock mass. Another common problem in unlined pressure shafts and tunnels is water leakage through hydraulically splitted joints or pre-existing open joints. This article reviews some of the first attempts of the use of unlined pressure shaft and tunnel concepts in Norway, highlights major failure cases and two successful cases of significance, applies Norwegian criteria to the cases and reviews and evaluates triggering factors for *** article further evaluates detailed engineering geology of failure cases and also assesses common geological features that could have aggravated the failure. The minor principal stress is investigated and quantified along unlined shaft and tunnel alignment of six selected project cases by using threedimensional numerical model. Furthermore, conditions of failure through pre-existing open joints by hydraulic jacking and leakage are assessed by using two-dimensional fluid flow analysis. Finally, both favorable and unfavorable ground conditions required for the applicability of Norwegian confinement criteria in locating the unlined pressure shafts and tunnels for ge

关键词： Hydropower projects Unlined pressure shafts and tunnels Minor principal stress Hydraulic jacking Water leakage

Evaluation of earthquake impact on magnitude of the minimum principal stress along a shotcrete lined pressure tunnel in Nepal

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2019年第5期11卷 920-934页

作者： Krishna Kanta panthi Chhatra Bahadur Basnet Department of Ceoscience and Petroleum Norwegian University of Science and Technology

In situ stress condition in rock mass is influenced by both tectonic activity and geological environment such as faulting and shearing in the rock *** influence is of significance in the Himalayan region,where the tectonic movement is active,resulting in periodic dynamic *** large-scale earthquake causes both accumulation and sudden release of strain energy,instigating changes in the in situ stress environment in the rock *** paper first highlights the importance of the magnitude of the minimum principal stress in the design of unlined or shotcrete lined pressure tunnel as water conveyance system used for hydropower *** we evaluated the influence of local shear faults on the magnitude of the minimum principal stress along the shotcrete lined high pressure tunnel of Upper Tamakoshi Hydroelectric Project(UTHP)in Nepal.A detailed assessment of the in situ stress state is carried out using both measured data and three-dimensional(3D)numerical analyses with ***,analysis is carried out on the possible changes in the magnitude of the minimum principal stress in the rock mass caused by seismic movement(dynamic loading).A permanent change in the stress state at and nearby the area of shear zones along the tunnel alignment is found to be an eminent process.

关键词： Shotcrete lined pressure tunnel The minimum principal stress Three-dimensional(3D)numerical model Geology Tectonic activity Himalaya

Evaluation of the Temporomandibular Joint in Class Ⅰ,Ⅱ, and Ⅲ Hyperdivergent Patients:A Comparative Study by Three-dimensional Cone-beam Computed Tomography

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Evaluation of the Temporomandibular Joint in Class Ⅰ,Ⅱ, an...

作者： Bimal panthi 南京大学

学位级别：硕士

[Objective]To evaluate the joint spaces and condylar morphology among different vertical skeletal patterns to compare condylar position and morphology.[Materials and Methods]Diagnostic cone-beam computed tomography images of 80 adult patients (160 temporomandibular joints) who visited the Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University were evaluated using Mimics 16.0 software. The subjects were divided into four equal groups based on angles classification and Frankfurt Horizontal plane-Mandibular plane Angle. Group Ⅰ included skeletal Class Ⅰ normodivergent patients whereas Group Ⅱ, Ⅲ, and Ⅳ were skeletal Class Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ hyperdivergent patients respectively. Temporomandibular joint spaces, depth of mandibular fossa and condylar morphology and asymmetry were compared among the groups.[Results]*** difference values were seen in the anteroposterior diameter of condylar process on right (p=0.005) and left (p=0.011) side, mesiolateral diameter of condylar process on left (p=0.008) side, lateromedial plane angle of condylar process right (p=0.004) and left (p=0.00) side, axial condylar angle right (p=0.011) and left (p=0.001) side and the anteroposterior difference of the condylar processes (p=0.002) among all the four groups i.e. class Ⅰ normodivergent group and class Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ hyperdivergent groups.2. Anterior joint space on both right (p=0.037) and left (p=0.04) side, superior joint space on left (p=0.30) and posterior joint space on both the right (p=0.013) and left (p=0.01) sides were found to be significantly different. This data suggest that the condyles in class Ⅱ hyperdivergent patients are nonconcentric than the class Ⅰ hyperdivergent patients.3. The mean anteroposterior diameter of the class Ⅱ hyperdivergent patients was R=4.33±1.56, L=4.24±1.64 and class Ⅰ hyperdivergent was R=5.37±0.84, L=5.25±1.24. The mean mesiolateral diameter of the class Ⅱ hyperdivergent group was R=10.90±3.23, L=10.00±2.84 a

关键词： Cone Beam Computed tomography (CBCT) Temporomandibular joint Condylar morphology Condylar axial angle Hyperdivergent

Niche breadth and overlap of spotted deer and domestic cattle with swamp deer in tropical region of Nepal

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Ecological Processes 2022年第1期11卷 238-247页

作者： Siddhartha Regmi Bijaya Neupane Bijaya Dhami Deepak Gautam Saroj panthi Megharaj Poudel Institute of Forestry Tribhuvan University44107 HetaudaNepal Institute of Forestry Tribhuvan University33700 PokharaNepal School of Ecology and Nature Conservation Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Ministry of Forest Environment and Soil ConservationPokhara 33700GandakiNepal Ministry of Forests and Environment Forest Research and Training CenterKathmandu 44600Nepal Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry University of Helsinki00014 HelsinkiFinland

Background:Knowledge about the niche overlap among wild species and domestic cattle is helpful to conserve and manage *** assessed the habitat niche breadth and overlap of sympatrically living spotted deer(Axis axis)and domestic cattle with swamp deer(Cervus duvaucelii)in Shuklaphanta National Park,Nepal during the dry season to explore the possibility of interspecific competition by studying the habitat use by these *** assumption was made that the presence of pellets is proof of habitat used by ***:Grids of 2 km×2 km have four subgrids,each with four sample plots,making a total of 16 plots(20 m×20 m)in each *** size of each sub-grid was 200 m×200 m and they were placed randomly inside the grid but at least 1 km apart from one *** data was collected in a 96 plots in ***’s niche breadth and Morisita’s overlap index were calculated to determine the niche breadth and the habitat overlap,***:The Levin’s measure of niche breadth suggested that spotted deer had the highest acclimatization with an index value of 0.94,followed by domestic cattle at 0.50,and swamp deer at 0.33 in our study ***,our findings supported the evidence that spotted deer are habitat generalists,whereas swamp deer are habitat *** swamp deer had lower niche breadth and more overlap with domestic ***:Our study showed the least niche breadth of swamp deer in comparison to spotted deer and domestic *** domestic cattle had the highest and least niche overlap with spotted deer and swamp deer,respectively,in terms of habitat *** study suggests that domestic cattle grazing should be stopped,and grassland management should be carried out for the benefit of *** studies should be conducted,including different seasons and places,prior to appropriate habitat *** addition,further studies are needed to quantify the extent of interspecific competition by incorporating more species.

关键词： Generalist Levin’s niche breadth Morisita’s overlap index Spatial overlap Habitat specialist

Understanding human-leopard conflict in the ‘Mid-hill’ region of western Nepal

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Journal of Mountain Science 2023年第12期20卷 3464-3475页

作者： LAMICHHANE Saroj THAPA Arjun THAPA Mahendra Singh panthi Saroj GIORDANO Anthony J School of Forestry and Natural Resources Management Institute of ForestryKirtipur 44613Nepal Institute of Fundamental Research and Studies(InFeRS) Baniyatar 44608Nepal Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Institute of Forestry Office of DeanKirtipur 44613Nepal Ministry of Industry TourismForest and EnvironmentKaski 33700Nepal SPECIES-The Society for the Preservation of Endangered Carnivores and their International Ecology Study VenturaCA 93006USA

Livestock rearing and agriculture are the main sources of community-based livelihoods in western *** the rural mid-hills region of Gandaki Province,leopards are the top predator and frequently depredate livestock and attack *** patterns of human-leopard conflicts(HLC) in Nepal are poorly known at the provincial and national scales,which are essential to formulating effective conflict mitigation strategies and implementing them in the *** study aims to analyze the spatiotemporal pattern of HLC by applying Maxent modeling to covariates relating to known and registered conflict cases(n=842) collected from Nepalese government *** found that cases of HLC have been increasing significantly over the past five *** also concluded that mid-elevation,south-facing slopes were more susceptible to HLC,but that mean annual temperature was by far the most important predictor of HLC;overall livestock density and proximity to roads were also important,but secondarily *** we found the increase in human fatalities to 2.16/year was significant(p0.05).However,we also found an increasing trend in livestock depredation rates for this same five-year period(p<0.05),which averaged 159.6 head/year among incidents *** also found that winter was the main season when depredations occurred,and that goats were the most depredated of all livestock.A total US $86,892.25($17,378.45/year) of economic losses were incurred by communities during this time,with 78.57% of the total value reimbursed as compensatory relief through the government’s relief *** recommend that the use of predator-proof livestock corrals,greater awareness in local communities about wildlife behavior,better animal husbandry and security practices,and a more efficient compensation program,can improve coexistence between leopard populations and human communities in western Nepal.

关键词： Coexistence Compensation Economic loss Human-wildlife conflict Livestock depredation Maximum entropy Problem animals Sustainable livelihood