Understanding human-leopard conflict in the ‘Mid-hill’ region of western Nepal

作     者：LAMICHHANE Saroj THAPA Arjun THAPA Mahendra Singh PANTHI Saroj GIORDANO Anthony J LAMICHHANE Saroj;THAPA Arjun;THAPA Mahendra Singh;PANTHI Saroj;GIORDANO Anthony J

作者机构：School of Forestry and Natural Resources ManagementInstitute of ForestryKirtipur 44613Nepal Institute of Fundamental Research and Studies(InFeRS)Baniyatar 44608Nepal Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Institute of ForestryOffice of DeanKirtipur 44613Nepal Ministry of IndustryTourismForest and EnvironmentKaski 33700Nepal SPECIES-The Society for the Preservation of Endangered Carnivores and their International Ecology StudyVenturaCA 93006USA 

出 版 物：《Journal of Mountain Science》 (山地科学学报（英文）)

年 卷 期：2023年第20卷第12期

页      面：3464-3475页

核心收录：

学科分类：07[理学] 0713[理学-生态学] 

基　　金：NORHED SURNEM project  Institute of Forestry  Kathmandu for providing financial support fieldwork 

主　　题：Coexistence Compensation Economic loss Human-wildlife conflict Livestock depredation Maximum entropy Problem animals Sustainable livelihood 

摘      要：Livestock rearing and agriculture are the main sources of community-based livelihoods in western *** the rural mid-hills region of Gandaki Province,leopards are the top predator and frequently depredate livestock and attack *** patterns of human-leopard conflicts(HLC) in Nepal are poorly known at the provincial and national scales,which are essential to formulating effective conflict mitigation strategies and implementing them in the *** study aims to analyze the spatiotemporal pattern of HLC by applying Maxent modeling to covariates relating to known and registered conflict cases(n=842) collected from Nepalese government *** found that cases of HLC have been increasing significantly over the past five *** also concluded that mid-elevation,south-facing slopes were more susceptible to HLC,but that mean annual temperature was by far the most important predictor of HLC;overall livestock density and proximity to roads were also important,but secondarily *** we found the increase in human fatalities to 2.16/year was significant(p0.05).However,we also found an increasing trend in livestock depredation rates for this same five-year period(p0.05),which averaged 159.6 head/year among incidents *** also found that winter was the main season when depredations occurred,and that goats were the most depredated of all livestock.A total US $86,892.25($17,378.45/year) of economic losses were incurred by communities during this time,with 78.57% of the total value reimbursed as compensatory relief through the government’s relief *** recommend that the use of predator-proof livestock corrals,greater awareness in local communities about wildlife behavior,better animal husbandry and security practices,and a more efficient compensation program,can improve coexistence between leopard populations and human communities in western Nepal.