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Etiological roles of core promoter variation in triple-negative breast cancer

Genes & Diseases 2023年第1期10卷 228-238页

作者： Teng Huang Jiaheng Li san ming wang Cancer Centre and Institute of Translational Medicine Faculty of Health SciencesMinistry of Education Frontiers Science Center for Precision OncologyUniversity of MacaoTaipaMacao SAR 999078China

Abnormal geneexpression playskeyrole in cancerdevelopment.Acorepromoter is located around the transcriptional start site.Through interaction between core promoter sequences and transcriptional factors,core promoter controls transcriptional initiation.We hypothesized that in cancer,core promoter sequences could be mutated to interfere the interaction with transcriptional factors,resulting in altered transcriptional initiation and abnormal gene expression and cancer development.We used triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)as a model to test our hypothesis.We collected genome-wide core promoter variants from 279 TNBC genomes.After extensive filtering of normal genomic polymorphism,we identified 19,427 recurrent somatic variants in 1,238 core promoters of 1,274 genes and 1,694 recurrent germline variants in 272 core promoters of 294 genes.Many of the affected genes were oncogenes and tumor suppressors.Analysis of RNA-seq data from the same patient cohort identified increased or decreased gene expression in 439 somatic and 85 germline variantsaffected genes,and the results were validated by luciferase reporter assay.By comparing with the core promoter variation data from 610 unclassified breast cancer,we observed that core promoter variants in TNBC were highly TNBC-specific.We further identified the drugs targeting the genes with core promoter variation.Our study demonstrates that core promoter is highly mutable in cancer,and can play etiological roles in TNBC and other types of cancer through influencing transcriptional initiation.

关键词： Core promoter RNA-seq Triple-negative breast cancer Variation Whole exome sequencing

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Intravenous leiomyomatosis with different surgical approaches:Three case reports

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2019年第3期7卷 347-356页

作者： Jie He Zheng-Bo Chen san-ming wang Mu-Biao Liu Zhi-Gang Li Hai-Yan Li Gang Zhao Department of Cardiovascular Surgery Guangdong Cardiovascular InstituteGuangdong General Hospital Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences Department of Vascular Surgery Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute Guangdong General Hospital Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Guangdong General Hospital Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences

BACKGROUND Intravenous leiomyomatosis(IVL) is a rare and complicated disease, which requires surgery by a multidisciplinary team. However, the optimal surgical approach has not been determined.CASE SUMMARY Here we report three cases of IVL treated with different surgical approaches. All patients presented with circulation symptoms. Two patients had lower extremity edema and the other had cardiopalmus. The diagnosis of IVL was confirmed based on the imagining examinations and pathological findings. All patients underwent surgical treatment and were discharged without any complications.CONCLUSION Preoperative examination is crucial for surgical planning and surgical approach is dependent on the patient's condition and tumor involvement.

关键词： Intravenous leiomyomatosis Surgery Cardiac tumors Case report Minimally-invasive

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Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)/SnO_(2)P–N heterostructure construction boosts room-temperature detecting formaldehyde

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Rare Metals 2024年第1期43卷 267-279页

作者： Yue Zhang ming-Yue wang Xiao-Guang san Yan-Bai Shen Guo-Sheng wang Lei Zhang Dan Meng College of Chemical Engineering Shenyang University of Chemical TechnologyShenyang 110142China Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials(ISEM) Australian Institute for Innovative Materials(AIIM)University ofWollongongWollongongNSW2500Australia College of Resources and Civil Engineering Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China

Formaldehyde is a common atmospheric pollutant produced in industrial production and daily life.However,the traditional semiconductor formaldehyde gas sensor cannot work at room temperature,which limits its practical application.Therefore,developing high-performance gas sensors for rapidly and accurately detecting formaldehyde at room temperature is an important topic.In this study,Ti_(3)C_(2)Tx/SnO_(2)heterostructures were constructed,which could selectively detect formaldehyde at room temperature with a response value of 29.16%(10×10^(-6)).In addition,the sensor shows a remarkable theoretical detection limit of 5.09×10^(-9)and good longterm stability.Density functional theory(DFT)simulations reveal that SnO_(2)nano spheres provide the majority of adsorption sites that strongly interact with formaldehyde.Meanwhile,Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)acting as a conductive layer facilitates the transfer of charge carriers so that they show a sensing response to formaldehyde at room temperature.Moreover,the formation of p-n heterostructures between SnO_(2)and Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)boosts the Schottky barrier at the interface,which is the critical factor in enhancing the sensing properties by turning the Schottky barrier upon introducing formaldehyde gas.This perspective is expected to provide instructive guidance for utilizing MXene/metal oxide nanocomposites to improve the gas sensing performance at room temperature.

关键词： Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)/SnO_(2)nanocomposites p-n heterostructures Formaldehyde sensing Room temperature DFT calculations

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A Simple Procedure for Extracting DNA from Coagulated Blood Samples for DNA Banking

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Journal of Cerebrovascular Disease 2018年第1期1卷 12-17页

作者： Lu-Han Jiang Cheong-Nang Kuok Khyati Chandratre Grace Meng Jia Xu Yuan-Qiang Lu san-ming wang Faculty of Health Sciences University of MacaoMacaoChina Oriental X-Ray Inc MacaoChina School of Health Sciences Macao Polytechnic InstituteMacaoChina Department of Emergency The First Affiliated HospitalCollege of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310003China

Background: DNA banking is increasingly applied to collect genetic materials for biomedical studies. Traditionally, the source of DNA banking is from the anti-coagulated blood samples as it is easy to isolate cells from the samples for DNA extraction. However, substantial portion of clinical blood samples is coagulated. Because of the difficulty to release blood cells from the clots for DNA extraction, coagulated blood samples are not used for DNA banking. Methods: In this study, we developed a simple procedure for high-throughput DNA extraction from coagulated blood samples for DNA banking. Results: We showed that the extracted DNA is the same as the one extracted from anti-coagulated blood samples as reflected by the size distribution and genetic variants across all coding genes. Conclusions: We developed a simply procedure for high-throughput DNA extraction from coagulated blood cells. Validation results show that the DNA from coagulated blood cells is the same as the DNA from the anti-coagulated blood cells.

关键词： DNA extraction DNA banking Coagulated blood

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Novel subtype of obesity influencing the outcomes of sleeve gastrectomy:Familial aggregation of obesity

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第13期30卷 1887-1898页

作者： Ze-Yu wang Yun-Fei Qu Tian-ming Yu Zeng-Lin Liu Yu-Gang Cheng ming-Wei Zhong san-Yuan Hu Department of General Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan HospitalJinan 250000Shandong ProvinceChina Department of Postgraduate Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical SciencesJinan 250000Shandong ProvinceChina Department of General Surgery Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan HospitalCheeloo College of Medicine Shandong UniversityJinan 250000Shandong ProvinceChina State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co.Ltd.Linyi 276005Shandong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Differences in the preoperative characteristics and weight loss outcomes after sleeve gastrectomy(SG)between patients with familial aggregation of obesity(FAO)and patients with sporadic obesity(SO)have not been elucidated.AIM To explore the impact of SG on weight loss and the alleviation of obesity-related comorbidities in individuals with FAO.METHODS A total of 193 patients with obesity who underwent SG were selected.Patients with FAO/SO were matched 1:1 by propensity score matching and were categorized into 4 groups based on the number of first-degree relatives with obesity(1 SO vs 1FAO,2SO vs 2FAO).The baseline characteristics,weight loss outcomes,prevalence of obesity-related comorbidities and incidence of major surgeryrelated complications were compared between groups.RESULTS We defined FAO as the presence of two or more first-degree relatives with obesity.Patients with FAO did not initially show significant differences in baseline data,short-term postoperative weight loss,or obesity-related comorbidities when compared to patients with SO preoperatively.However,distinctions between the two groups became evident at the two-year mark,with statistically significant differences in both percentage of total weight loss(P=0.006)and percentage of excess weight loss(P<0.001).The FAO group exhibited weaker remission of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)(P=0.031),hyperlipidemia(P=0.012),and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)(P=0.003)as well as a lower incidence of acid reflux(P=0.038).CONCLUSION FAO patients is associated with decreased mid-to-long-term weight loss outcomes;the alleviation of T2DM,hyperlipidemia and NAFLD;and decreased incidence of acid reflux postoperatively.

关键词： Obesity Bariatric surgery Sleeve gastrectomy Family history Weight loss

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Epigenetic modifications of placenta in women with gestational diabetes mellitus and their offspring

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第3期15卷 378-391页

作者： Yan Yi Tao wang Wei Xu san-Hong Zhang Department of Ultrasonography The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze UniversityJingzhou 434000Hubei ProvinceChina Clinical Molecular Immunology Center Yangtze UniversityJingzhou 434023Hubei ProvinceChina Department of Pediatric Xiantao First People’s HospitalXiantao 433000Hubei ProvinceChina

Gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)is a pregnancy-related complication characterized by abnormal glucose metabolism in pregnant women and has an important impact on fetal development.As a bridge between the mother and the fetus,the placenta has nutrient transport functions,endocrine functions,etc.,and can regulate placental nutrient transport and fetal growth and development according to maternal metabolic status.Only by means of placental transmission can changes in maternal hyperglycemia affect the fetus.There are many reports on the placental pathophysiological changes associated with GDM,the impacts of GDM on the growth and development of offspring,and the prevalence of GDM in offspring after birth.Placental epigenetic changes in GDM are involved in the programming of fetal development and are involved in the pathogenesis of later chronic diseases.This paper summarizes the effects of changes in placental nutrient transport function and hormone secretion levels due to maternal hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia on the development of offspring as well as the participation of changes in placental epigenetic modifications due to maternal hyperglycemia in intrauterine fetal programming to promote a comprehensive understanding of the impacts of placental epigenetic modifications on the development of offspring from patients with GDM.

关键词： Gestational diabetes mellitus Placental functions Epigenetics Offspring development

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Ion and electron motions in the outer electron diffusion region of collisionless magnetic reconnection

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第3期8卷 472-478页

作者： Cong Chang Quanming Lu san Lu Kai Huang RongSheng wang Deep Space Exploration Laboratory School of Earth and Space SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology CAS Key Laboratory of Geospace EnvironmentHefei 230026China Collaborative Innovation Center of Astronautical Science and Technology Harbin 150001China

Two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations are performed to study the coupling between ion and electron motions in collisionless magnetic reconnection.The electron diffusion region(EDR),where the electron motions are demagnetized,is found to have a two-layer structure:an inner EDR near the reconnection site and an outer EDR that is elongated to nearly 10 ion inertial lengths in the outflow direction.In the inner EDR,the speed of the electron outflow increases when the electrons move away from the X line.In the outer EDR,the speed of the electron outflow first increases and then decreases until the electrons reach the boundary of the outer EDR.In the boundary of the outer EDR,the magnetic field piles up and forms a depolarization front.From the perspective of the fluid,a force analysis on the formation of electron and ion outflows has also been investigated.Around the X line,the electrons are accelerated by the reconnection electric field in the out-of-plane direction.When the electrons move away from the X line,we find that the Lorentz force converts the direction of the accelerated electrons to the x direction,forming an electron outflow.Both electric field forces and electron gradient forces tend to drag the electron outflow.Ion acceleration along the x direction is caused by the Lorentz force,whereas the pressure gradient force tends to decelerate the ion outflow.Although these two terms are important,their effects on ions are almost offset.The Hall electric field force does positive work on ions and is not negligible.The ions are continuously accelerated,and the ion and electron outflow velocities are almost the same near the depolarization front.

关键词： collisionless magnetic reconnection electron diffusion region force analysis particle-in-cell simulation

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Global hybrid simulations of soft X-ray emissions in the Earth’s magnetosheath

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 47-58页

作者： Jin Guo TianRan Sun san Lu Quanming Lu Yu Lin XueYi wang Chi wang RongSheng wang Kai Huang School of Earth and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China CAS Center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology/CAS Key Lab of Geospace Environment University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Collaborative Innovation Center of Astronautical Science and Technology Harbin 150001China National Space Science Center Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Physics Department Auburn UniversityAuburnALUSA

Earth’s magnetopause is a thin boundary separating the shocked solar wind plasma from the magnetospheric plasmas,and it is also the boundary of the solar wind energy transport to the magnetosphere.Soft X-ray imaging allows investigation of the large-scale magnetopause by providing a two-dimensional(2-D)global view from a satellite.By performing 3-D global hybrid-particle-in-cell(hybrid-PIC)simulations,we obtain soft X-ray images of Earth’s magnetopause under different solar wind conditions,such as different plasma densities and directions of the southward interplanetary magnetic field.In all cases,magnetic reconnection occurs at low latitude magnetopause.The soft X-ray images observed by a hypothetical satellite are shown,with all of the following identified:the boundary of the magnetopause,the cusps,and the magnetosheath.Local X-ray emissivity in the magnetosheath is characterized by large amplitude fluctuations(up to 160%);however,the maximum line-of-sight-integrated X-ray intensity matches the tangent directions of the magnetopause well,indicating that these fluctuations have limited impact on identifying the magnetopause boundary in the X-ray images.Moreover,the magnetopause boundary can be identified using multiple viewing geometries.We also find that solar wind conditions have little effect on the magnetopause identification.The Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE)mission will provide X-ray images of the magnetopause for the first time,and our global hybrid-PIC simulation results can help better understand the 2-D X-ray images of the magnetopause from a 3-D perspective,with particle kinetic effects considered.

关键词： magnetopause X-ray emissivity X-ray imaging SMILE global hybrid-PIC simulation

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Proposal for valleytronic materials:Ferrovalley metal and valley gapless semiconductor

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Frontiers of physics 2024年第2期19卷 131-139页

作者： san-Dong Guo Yu-Ling Tao Guangzhao wang Shaobo Chen Dong Huang Yee Sin Ang School of Electronic Engineering Xi’an University of Posts and TelecommunicationsXi’an 710121China Key Laboratory of Extraordinary Bond Engineering and Advanced Materials Technology of Chongqing School of Electronic Information EngineeringYangtze Normal UniversityChongqing 408100China College of Electronic and Information Engineering Anshun UniversityAnshun 561000China Science Mathematics and Technology(SMT)Singapore University of Technology and Design(SUTD)8 Somapah RoadSingapore 487372Singapore

Valleytronic materials can provide new degrees of freedom to future electronic devices.In this work,the concepts of the ferrovalley metal(FVM)and valley gapless semiconductor(VGS)are proposed,which can be achieved in valleytronic bilayer systems by electric field engineering.In valleytronic bilayer systems,the interaction between out-of-plane ferroelectricity and A-type antiferromagnetism can induce layer-polarized anomalous valley Hall(LP-AVH)effect.The K and−K valleys of FVM are both metallic,and electron and hole carriers simultaneously exist.In the extreme case,the FVM can become VGS by analogizing spin gapless semiconductor(SGS).Moreover,it is proposed that the valley splitting enhancement and valley polarization reversal can be achieved by electric field engineering in valleytronic bilayer systems.Taking the bilayer RuBr_(2)as an example,our proposal is confirmed by the first-principle calculations.The FVM and VGS can be achieved in bilayer RuBr_(2)by applying electric field.With appropriate electric field range,increasing electric field can enhance valley splitting,and the valley polarization can be reversed by flipping electric field direction.To effectively tune valley properties by electric field in bilayer systems,the parent monolayer should possess out-of-plane magnetization,and have large valley splitting.Our results shed light on the possible role of electric field in tuning valleytronic bilayer systems,and provide a way to design the ferrovalley-related material by electric field.

关键词： valleytronics electric field bilayer

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Analytical computation of magnetic field in coil-dominated superconducting quadrupole magnets based on racetrack coils

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第4期35卷 119-135页

作者： Chuang Shen Ying-Shun Zhu Fu-san Chen China Spallation Neutron Source Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences1 Zhongziyuan RoadDongguan 523000China Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences19B Yuquan RoadBeijing 100049China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Currently,three types of superconducting quadrupole magnets are used in particle accelerators:cos 2θ,CCT,and serpentine.However,all three coil configurations have complex spatial geometries,which make magnet manufacturing and strain-sensitive superconductor applications difficult.Compared with the three existing quadrupole coils,the racetrack quadrupole coil has a simple shape and manufacturing process,but there have been few theoretical studies.In this paper,the two-dimensional and three-dimensional analytical expressions for the magnetic field in coil-dominated racetrack superconducting quadrupole magnets are presented.The analytical expressions of the field harmonics and gradient are fully resolved and depend only on the geometric parameters of the coil and current density.Then,a genetic algorithm is applied to obtain a solution for the coil geometry parameters with field harmonics on the order of 10^(-4).Finally,considering the practical engineering needs of the accelerator interaction region,electromagnetic design examples of racetrack quadrupole magnets with high gradients,large apertures,and small apertures are described,and the application prospects of racetrack quadrupole coils are analyzed.

关键词： Superconducting quadrupole magnet Racetrack coil Multipole field Genetic algorithm Magnetic design

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