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Comparative Assessment of Low-Concentration Ethanol and Waste Fish Oil Biodiesel Blends on Emission Reduction and Performance Improvement in Variable Compression Ratio Engine

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Journal of Thermal Science 2023年第3期32卷 1306-1319页

作者： Vasanthaseelan SATHIYASEELAN Savadamuthu LAKSHMANA GOWDER ravishankar SATHYAMURTHY Department of Mechanical Engineering KPR Institute of Engineering and TechnologyArasurCoimbatore-641407Tamil NaduIndia Department of Mechanical Engineering SNS College of TechnologyCoimbatoreTamil NaduIndia Mechanical Engineering Department King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahranSaudi Arabia

The costs of conventional fuels are rising on a daily basis as a result of technical limits,a misallocation of resources between demand and supply,and a shortage of conventional *** use of crude oil contributes to increased environmental contamination,and as a result,there is a pressing need to investigate alternate fuel sources for car *** is a renewable fuel that is derived chemically by reacting with the sources of *** present research is based on analyzing the effect of fish oil biodiesel-ethanol blend in variable compression engine for variable compression ratio(VCR).The processed fish oil was procured and subjected to a transesterification process to convert fatty acids into methyl *** obtained methyl esters(biodiesel)were blended with ethanol and diesel to obtain a ternary *** ternary blend was tested for its stability,and a stable blend was obtained and tested in VCR engines for its performance,combustion,and emission *** the second phase,experiments are conducted in the diesel engine by fueling the fish oil methyl ester and ethanol blended with diesel fuel in the concentration of 92.5 vol%of Diesel+7.5 vol%of Fish oil+1.25vol%ethanol,92.5 vol%of Diesel+7.5 vol%of Fish oil+5 vol%ethanol,87.5 vol%of Diesel+12.5 vol%of Fish oil+1.25 vol%ethanol,87.5 vol%of Diesel+12.5 vol%of Fish oil+5 vol%ethanol,82.5 vol%of Diesel+17.5vol%of Fish oil+1.25 vol%ethanol,82.5 vol%of Diesel+17.5 vol%of Fish oil+5 vol%ethanol to find out the performance parameters and *** the alternative fuel performs better in terms of engine performance and pollution management,the percentage chosen is considered the best *** results showed that the use of a lower concentration of ethanol in the fish oil biodiesel blend improved the engine thermal efficiency by 5.23%at a higher compression ***,the engine operated with a higher compression ratio reduced the formation of HC and CO emissions,whereas the NOxa

关键词： biodiesel VCR alternate fuels fish oil performance combustion emission injection timing crank angle

Analysis of Field Data on Computer Failures

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 1990年第2期5卷 99-108页

作者： ravishankar K.Iyer Mei-Chen Hsueh Computer Systems Group Coordinated Science Laboratory University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 1101 West Springfield Avenue Urbana Illinois 61801U.S.A.

This paper emphasizes the importance of making field measurements for effective and realistic dependability *** examples are given,both based on real data from IBM *** first evaluates the impact of the operating environment on system failure characteristics and the second shows how an accurate model depicting this interaction can be extracted from real data.

关键词： Analysis of Field Data on Computer Failures

Performance study of jute-epoxy composites/sandwiches under normal ballistic impact

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2020年第4期16卷 947-955页

作者： Sangamesh Rajole K.S.ravishankar S.M.Kulkarni Department of Mechanical Engineering National Institute of Technology KarnatakaSurathkalMangalore 575025India Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering National Institute of Technology KarnatakaSurathkalMangalore 575025India

This study is undertaken to explore the use of natural fiber Jute-epoxy(JE),Jute-epoxy-rubber(JRE)sandwich composite for ballistic energy *** absorbed and residual velocities for these composites are evaluated analytically and through Finite Element Analysis(FEA).FE analysis of JE plates is carried out for different thicknesses(3,5,10 and 15 mm).JE plates and JRE sandwiches having the same thickness(15 mm) are fabricated and tested to measure residual velocity and energy *** analytical results are found to agree well with the results of FE analysis with a maximum error of 9%.The study on JE composite plate reveals that thickness influences the energy *** and FE analysis study showed that JRE sandwiches have better energy absorption than JE *** absorption of a JRE sandwich is about 71% greater than JE *** obtained from FEA and testing are in good agreement,SEM analysis confirms composites failed by fiber rupture and fragmentation.

关键词： Energy absorption Composites Polymer composites Ballistic impact High velocity impact

Identifying Severity of COVID-19 Medical Images by Categorizing Using HSDC Model

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第10期47卷 613-635页

作者： K.ravishankar C.Jothikumar Department of Computing Technologies School of ComputingSRM Institute of Science and TechnologyChengalpattuTamilnadu603203India

Since COVID-19 infections are increasing all over the world,there is a need for developing solutions for its early and accurate diagnosis is a *** for COVID-19 include screeningmethods like Chest X-rays and Computed Tomography(CT)*** work must be done on preprocessing the datasets,such as eliminating the diaphragm portions,enhancing the image intensity,and minimizing *** addition to the detection of COVID-19,the severity of the infection needs to be *** HSDC model is proposed to solve these problems,which will detect and classify the severity of COVID-19 from X-ray and CT-scan *** CT-scan images,the histogram threshold of the input image is adaptively determined using the ICH Swarm Optimization Segmentation(ICHSeg)*** on the Statistical and Shape-based feature vectors(FVs),the extracted regions are classified using a Hybrid model for CT images(HSDCCT)*** the infections are detected,it’s classified as Normal,Moderate,and Severe.A fused FHI is formed for X-ray images by extracting the features of Histogram-oriented gradient(HOG)and Image profile(IP).The FHI features of X-ray images are classified using Hybrid Support Vector Machine(SVM)and Deep Convolutional Neural Network(DCNN)HSDCX algorithm into COVID-19 or else Pneumonia,or *** results have shown that the accuracy of the HSDC model attains the highest of 94.6 for CT-scan images and 95.6 for X-ray images when compared to SVM and *** study thus significantly helps medical professionals and doctors diagnose COVID-19 infections quickly,which is the most needed in current years.

关键词： CT-scan convolution neural network(CNN) deep CNN(HSDC) hybrid support vector machine(SVM) improved chicken swarmoptimization(ICHO) COVID-19 and image profile(IP)

DARTS-Drone and Artificial Intelligence Reconsolidated Technological Solution for Increasing the Oil and Gas Pipeline Resilience

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2022年第5期13卷 810-821页

作者： Premkumar ravishankar Seokyon Hwang Jing Zhang Ibrahim X.Khalilullah Berna Eren-Tokgoz Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering Lamar UniversityBeaumontTX 77710USA Construction Management Program Lamar UniversityBeaumontTX 77710USA Department of Computer Science Lamar UniversityBeaumontTX 77710USA

The need for safe operation and effective maintenance of pipelines grows as oil and gas demand ***,it is increasingly imperative to monitor and inspect the pipeline system,detect causes contributing to developing pipeline damage,and perform preventive maintenance in a timely ***,pipeline inspection is performed at pre-determined intervals of several months,which is not sufficiently robust in terms of *** research proposes a drone and artificial intelligence reconsolidated technological solution(DARTS) by integrating drone technology and deep learning *** solution is aimed to detect the targeted potential root problems-pipes out of alignment and deterioration of pipe support system-that can cause critical pipeline failures and predict the progress of the detected problems by collecting and analyzing image data *** test results show that DARTS can be effectively used to support decision making for preventive pipeline maintenance to increase pipeline system s afety and resilience.

关键词： Artifcial intelligence Asset management Drone application Midstream industry Pipeline resilience Predictive maintenance

Pedestrian risk analysis at uncontrolled midblock and unsignalised intersections

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2018年第2期5卷 137-147页

作者： Kodavanti Venkata Raghavendra ravishankar Parvathy Maheswari Nair Department of Civil Engineering National Institute of Technology Warangal Highways-Civil and Infrastructure AECOM India (GDC) Private Ltd.

Transportation is defined as port to port transfer of person or goods by a medium which can be a vehicle or a person. Pedestrians being the most neglected mode of transportation in terms of safety and facility, face difficult situations while crossing near intersections and midblock crossings. It becomes more of a risk when the place of crossing is *** if behaviour of pedestrians while crossing is analysed in such conditions, it might be possible to create suitable solution to lessen the risk and ensure safety. In most of the cities, accepting suitable gaps between vehicles in uncontrolled midblock and intersection crossings pose threat to pedestrians＇ safety. The present study examines the safety of pedestrian crossing behaviour at midblock and unsignalised intersection *** time, speed, stages of crossing, number of interruptions while crossing, and the type of vehicles for which pedestrians accept the gap were extracted from the video. The tendency to show rolling gap behavior was observed and examined for different age and gender groups to analyse the risk involved in such type of crossings. The risks analysed from the study in correlation with the pedestrian demand in such uncontrolled crossings will help in design of safer pedestrian facilities. It was observed that the size of the vehicle has a significant influence on gap acceptance and crossing behaviour of pedestrians. Male pedestrians take more risks than female pedestrians in crossing unsignalized intersections. Middle aged pedestrian category poses 60.1% more chances of interrupted crossing than the other elder and young age categories of pedestrians. Male pedestrian category and the middle aged pedestrian category are more tended to accept the smallest gap between the vehicles showing a risky nature of crossing.

关键词： Pedestrian risk analysis Risk factors Rolling gap Safety margin Stages of crossing

Evaluation of L-dopa,proximate composition with in vitro anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity of Mucuna macrocarpa beans:A future drug for Parkinson treatment

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017年第12期7卷 1097-1106页

作者： Chetan Aware ravishankar Patil Swaroopsingh Gaikwad Shrirang Yadav Vishwas Bapat Jyoti Jadhav Department of Biotechnology Shivaji UniversityVidyanagarKolhapurMaharashtraIndia Department of Biochemistry Shivaji UniversityVidyanagarKolhapurMaharashtraIndia Department of Botany Shivaji UniversityVidyanagarKolhapurMaharashtraIndia

Objective: To investigate L-3, 4-dihydroxyphenylalanine(L-dopa, anti-Parkinson drug),anti-inflammatory activity, proximate nutritional composition and antioxidant potential of Mucuna macrocarpa(M. macrocarpa) ***: L-dopa content was determined and quantified by high performance thin layer chromatography and reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography(RPHPLC) methods. Anti-inflammatory activity was performed by in vitro protein denaturation inhibition and human red blood cell membrane stabilisation activity. Proximate composition and elemental analysis were also investigated. The antioxidant potential(2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, N-N-dimethyl-phenylenediamine and ferric-reducing antioxidant power) of M. macrocarpa beans were evaluated by using different extraction solvents. The RP-HPLC analysis also quantified significant phenolics such as gallic acid, tannic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid and p-coumaric ***: RP-HPLC quantification revealed that M. macrocarpa beans contain a high level of L-dopa [(115.41 ± 0.985) mg/g] which was the highest among the Mucuna species from Indian sub-continent. Water extract of seed powder showed strong antiinflammatory and antioxidant potential. Proximate composition of M. macrocarpa beans revealed numerous nutritional and anti-nutritional components. RP-HPLC analysis of major phenolics such as tannic acid(43.795 mg/g), gallic acid(0.864 mg/g), p-coumaric acid(0.364 mg/g) and p-hydroxybenzoic acid(0.036 mg/g) quantified successfully from M. macrocarpa beans ***: This study suggests that M. macrocarpa is a potential source of L-dopa with promising anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and nutritional benefits.

关键词： Anti-inflammatory Antioxidants L-dopa Mucuna macrocarpa Oxidative stress Parkinson’s disease

Extraction and Characterization of Myofibrillar Proteins from Different Meat Sources:A Comparative Study

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2021年第4期6卷 367-378页

作者： Pavan Kumar Dara Anjana Geetha Upasana Mohanty Mahadevan Raghavankutty Suseela Mathew ravishankar Chandragiri Nagarajarao Anandan Rangasamy Biochemistry and Nutrition Division ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries TechnologyCochin 682029KeralaIndia Department of Food and Nutrition Mody UniversityLakshmangarh 332311RajasthanIndia College of fisheries Central Agricultural UniversityTripura 799210India

In the present study,myofibrillar proteins were extracted from the meat proteins of beef,lamb,chicken,tuna and emperor fish using non-denaturation method,and their physico-chemical and rheological properties were *** myofibrillar proteins of beef,emperor and lamb samples had higher percentage of protein extractability than tuna and chicken *** tuna sample showed significantly higher bound bromophenol blue(BPB)value while lamb samples showed lower value(P<0.05).The myofibrillar protein of chicken sample was found to have more ionic and hydrogen bonds than all other myofibrillar *** disulphide bonds in tuna and lamb myofibrillar protein samples were significantly higher than other three samples(P<0.05).The myofibrillar protein samples showed major bands myosin heavy chain,α-actinin,desimin,actin,troponin,tropomyosin and myosin light chain with wider molecular weight distribution in the range of 20-200 *** myofibrillar proteins exhibited Newtonian and shear thickening nature behaviour at lower protein concentration(1 mg/mL)as revealed by flow profile and visco-elastic analysis using rheometer.

关键词： Myofibrillar proteins Sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(SDS-PAGE) Rheological and surface-active property

The fusion of classifier outputs to improve partial discharge classification

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Frontiers of Electrical and Electronic Engineering in China 2012年第4期7卷 391-398页

作者： R. AMBIKAIRAJAH B. T. PHUNG J. ravishankar School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications University ofNew South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia

The detection of partial discharge signals and classifying its patterns is an area of interest in the analysis of defects in high voltage cables. This paper investigates a filter-bank based approach to extract frequency domain based features to represent partial discharge signals. By applying the fast Fourier transform, the sampled partial discharge data are mapped into equivalent discrete frequency bins, which are then grouped into N equal sub-bands and also octave sub-bands, each providing N- dimensional features for partial discharge pattern classifi- cation. Two classifiers, namely, the support vector machine and the sparse representation classifier, are implemented and their outputs are fused, in order to improve the accuracy of classifying partial discharge. Classification accuracy is also compared with wavelet domain based octave frequency sub-band features.

关键词： partial discharge features fusion classifica-tion