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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2012年第2期5卷 103-106页

作者： samuel jacob inbaneson Sundaram Ravikumar Palavesam Suganthi Department of Oceanography and Coastal Area Studies School of Marine SciencesAlagappa UniversityThondi CampusThondi-623 409Ramanathapuram DistrictTamil NaduIndia

Objective:To identify the possible antiplasmodial compounds from leaf,stem,root and flower extracts of Ocimum canum(***),Ocimum sanctum(***) and Ocimum basilicum (***).Methods:The ***,*** and *** were collected from Ramanalhapuram District,Tamil Nadu and the extraction was carried out in *** filter sterilized extracts(100,30,23,12.5,6.23 and 3.125μg/mL) of leaf,stem,root and flower extracts of ***,*** and *** were tested for antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum(***).The potential extracts were also tested for their phytochemical ***:The leaf extract of *** showed excellent antiplasmodial activity(IC_(50) 3538μg/mL) followed by leaf extract of ***(IC_(50) 4341μg/mL). The leaf extract of ***,root extracts of *** and ***,the stem and flower extracts of all the three tested Ocimum species showed IC_(50) values between 50 and 100μg/mL Statistical analysis reveals that,significant antiplasmodial activity(P<0.01) was observed between the concentrations and time of *** chemical injury to erythrocytes was also carried out and it shows that,there were no morphological changes in erythrocytes by the ethanolic extract of ***,*** and *** in vitro antiplasmodial activity might be due to the presence of alkaloids,glycosides,flavonoids,phenols,saponins,triterpenoids,proteins,resins, steroids and tannins in the ethanolic extracts of tested ***:The ethanolic leaf extracts of *** possess lead compounds for the development of antiplasmodial drugs.

关键词： Antiplasmodial activity IC_(50) Phytochemicals Plasmodium falciparum Ocimum species

Hepatoprotective and antioxidant properties of marine halophyte Luminetzera racemosa bark extract in CCL_4 induced hepatotoxicity

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2011年第6期4卷 462-465页

作者： Murugesan Gnanadesigan Sundaram Ravikumar samuel jacob inbaneson School of Marine Sciences Department of Oceanography and Coastal Area StudiesAlagappa UniversityThondi CampusThondi-623409TamilnaduIndia

Objective:To identify the hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity of Luminetzera racemosa （L racemosa）bark ***:Wistar albino rats were divided into 6 groups:Group 1 served as control;Group 2 served as hepatotoxin（CCL4 treated） group;Group 3 served as positive control（Silymarin） treated groups;Group 4,5 and 6 served as（100,200 and 300 mg/kg bw p.o.） L racemosa bark extract treated ***,in vitro antioxidant indexes,including DPPH, hydroxyl radical scavenging activity（HRSA）,NO,ferric reducing antioxidant power（FRAP）,lipid hydroperoxide（LPO） and super oxide dismutase（SOD） were also analyzed in the bark extract. Results:The results suggested that,the level of serum glutamate oxyloacetic transaminase（SCOT）, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase（SGPT）,alkaline phosphatise（ALP）,bilurubin,cholesterol, sugar and lactate dehydrogenase（LDH） were significantly（P50 values were observed as（44.17±6.87）μ/mL,（42.45±2.81）μg/mL,（62.37±3.98）μg/mL,（54.24±3.09）μg/mL, （87.25±5.90）μg/mL and（71.54±5.42）μg/mL for ***,NO,FRAP,LPO and SOD radical scavenging activities,***:The hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities of the bark extract might be to the presence of unique chemical classes such as flavonoids, alkaloids and polyphenols.

关键词： Antioxidant Hepatoprotective Histopathology Mangroves

In vitro antiplasmodial effect of ethanolic extracts of coastal medicinal plants along Palk Strait against Plasmodium falciparum

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012年第5期2卷 364-367页

作者： samuel jacob inbaneson Sundaram Ravikumar Palavesam Suganthi Department of Oceanography and Coastal Area Studies School of Marine SciencesAlagappa University

Objective:To identify the possible anliplasmodial compounds from Achyranlhes aspera(A. aspera).Acalypha indica(***),Jatropha glandulifera(***)and Phyllanlhus amarus(***).Methods:The ***,***,*** and *** were collected along Palk Strait and the extraction was carried out in *** filter sterilized extracts(100,50,25,12.5,6.25 and 3.125μg/mL) of leaf,stem,root and flower extracts of A aspera,A. indica,*** and *** were tested for anliplasmodial activity against Plasnuxlium *** potential extracts were also tested for their phytochemical ***: Of the selected plants species parts,the stem extract of *** showed excellent antiplasmodial activity(IC_(50)=43.81μg/mL) followed by stem extract of ***(IC_(50)= 49.14μg/mL).The stem extract of ***,leaf and root extracts of ***,leaf,root and seed extracts of J. glanduUfera and leaf and stem extracts of *** showed IC_(50),values between 50 and 100 μg/ *** analysis revealed that,significant antiplasmodial activity(P<0.0l) was observed between the concentrations and time of *** chemical injury to erythrocytes was also carried out and it showed that there were no morphological changes in erythrocytes by the elhanolic extract of all the tested plant *** in vitro antiplasmodial activity might be due to the presence of alkaloids,glycosides,***,saponins,triterpenoids,proteins, and lannins in the elhanolic extracts of tested ***:The elhanolic stem extracts of *** and *** possess lead compounds for the development of antiplasmodial drugs.

关键词： Antiplasmodial activity IC_(50) Medicinal plants Phytochemicals Plasmodium falciparum Achyranthes aspera Acalypha indica Jatropha glandulifera Phyllanthus amarus

Imaging mass spectrometry:a molecular microscope for studying the role of lipids in Parkinson's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1179-1180页

作者： Vinata Vedam-Mai jacob M.samuel Boone M.Prentice Department of Neurology University of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA Department of Chemistry University of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA

Parkinson's disease–A lipidopathy?The histopathological hallmark of Parkinson's disease(PD)and dementia with Lewy bodies are inclusions enriched inα-synuclein(α-syn),known as Lewy bodies,which are not only composed of proteins,but also a core of lipid *** has been thus far principally thought of as a“proteinopathy”caused by the misfolding of α-syn.

关键词： lipids species folding

Feasibility Study of Assist-Linked Brief Intervention for Substance Use Disorders in a Rural Community of Plateau State, Nigeria

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第3期14卷 206-222页

作者： Nwoga Charles Nnaemeka Audu Moses David Sambo jacob Dusu Mafai Danboyi Kwei Dakwak samuel Joseph Ndak Andarawus Zuhumnan Babatunde Stephen Psychiatry Department Faculty of Clinical Sciences College of Health Sciences University of Jos Jos Nigeria Department of Community Medicine Jos University Teaching Hospital Jos Nigeria Psychology Department Quintessential Healthcare Centre Jos Plateau State Nigeria Psychology Department University of Jos Jos Nigeria Plateau State Hospital Management Board Jos Plateau State Nigeria Department of Psychology Olabisi Onabanjo University Ago-Iwoye Ogun State Nigeria

Objective: We studied the feasibility of using Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) linked with Brief Intervention (ALBI) in treating Substance Use Disorder in Nigeria. There is a clear gap in meeting the needs for treatment and care for people with drug use disorders in Nigeria with many users reporting a self-perceived need for treatment and about 40% of them wanting to receive drug treatment but were unable to access such services. Methods: ASSIST questionnaire was used to gather baseline data, and ALBI along with Motivational Interviewing (MI) was used to intervene for 6 weeks following which ASSIST score was repeated and compared with baseline. Results: Majority of the participants were aged 21 - 30 years, mostly males with (61.3%) lacking steady jobs. Lifetime prevalence of any drug use was (88.2%). Three months prevalence was nicotine (72.0%), alcohol (66.7%), cannabis (47.3%), opioids (11.8%) among others. The ASSIST scores were mostly on the severe ranges. ASSIST result after six weeks showed marked reduction. The Mean Difference (MD) in the ASSIST scores after intervention was significant for tobacco, opioids, alcohol, and cannabis. The Cohen’s D effect size was large for tobacco (1.08), alcohol (0.92) and cannabis (0.73) but low for other substances. Conclusion: ALBI along with MI was helpful in combating the menace of substance use.

关键词： ASSIST ALBI SUD Rural Community Nigeria

Sulfurized-polyacrylonitrile in lithium-sulfur batteries:Interactions between undercoordinated carbons and polymer structure under low lithiation

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第3期31卷 587-596,I0016页

作者： samuel Bertolini Timo jacob Institute of Electrochemistry Ulm UniversityAlbert-Einstein-Allee 4789081 UlmGermany Helmholtz-Institute Ulm(HIU) Electrochemical Energy StorageHelmholtzstr.1189081 UlmGermany Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT) P.O.Box 364076021 KarlsruheGermany

Lithium-sulfur battery(LSB)represents an important candidate to be used in energy storage applications,due to its high specific ***-polyacrylonitrile(SPAN)is a candidate as a host material in LSB to replace graphite,due to its ability to chemisorb polysulfides(PSs).The sulfur chains attached to the polymer can reversibly form Li2S,and SPAN indicates to have a good cyclability and better performance than graphite,thus,SPAN acts partially as an active and also as a host *** this study,we investigated the capacity of the solvent or the SPAN to lose a hydrogen atom from the backbone,to predict possible anodic reactions between solvent and host *** simulation suggests that the photophilic salts may preferentially react with the solvent,and possibly building a cathode electrolyte interphase(CEI).We observed that an undercoordinated carbon(C_(uc))can be thermodynamically created,due to *** Cuccan react with the solvent on the polymer backbone through different mechanisms,however,the simulations indicated that the reaction should be affected by the interaction between the solvent and C_(uc),according to SPAN’s ***,C_(uc)reacts with long sulfur chains attached to SPAN,capturing sulfur and forming a C-S bond.A sulfur chain from one SPAN can connect to another polymer backbone,however,this process is affected by lithiation and ***,this work also investigates the formation of interconnected SPAN structures and the multiple C_(uc)effects.

关键词： Density functional theory Ab initio molecular dynamics Lithium-sulfur batteries Sulfurized-polyacrylonitrile

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入侵印刷电路板的3种方式

科技纵览 2020年第9期 40-45页

作者： samuel H.Russ jacob Gatlin 不详

2018年,《彭博商业周刊》的一篇文章做出了惊人断言,声称中国间谍部门在电路板中插入了毫米级芯片,从而在为亚马逊、苹果等公司生产的服务器中制造了后门. 这一说法遭到了相关公司和美国国土安全部直接明确的驳斥.不过,电路板的确极易... 详细信息

2018年,《彭博商业周刊》的一篇文章做出了惊人断言,声称中国间谍部门在电路板中插入了毫米级芯片,从而在为亚马逊、苹果等公司生产的服务器中制造了后门. 这一说法遭到了相关公司和美国国土安全部直接明确的驳斥.不过,电路板的确极易遭受入侵.已经有十几个系统级攻击的例子记录在案.

关键词：印刷电路板美国国土安全部服务器后门亚马逊入侵毫米级

Native Aquatic Plant Establishment Efforts in a High-Herbivore, Central Texas Reservoir

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2021年第12期13卷 1024-1042页

作者： Aaron N. Schad Brent J. Bellinger Lynde L. Dodd jacob Kelly Kristina Hellinghausen Gary O. Dick samuel F. Atkinson Environmental Lab US Army Engineer Research and Development Center Vicksburg MS USA Watershed Protection Austin TX USA Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Oak Ridge TN USA Univeristy of North Texas Denton TX USA

Maintaining beneficial, native plant structure and diversity while reducing invasive, nuisance species dominance is an important management domain for natural resource managers. One such vegetation component in North American lakes and reservoirs is submerged aquatic vegetation—a valuable aquatic resource which serves as productive habitat for fish, aquatic macroinvertebrates, and other wildlife. Reservoirs in the southern parts of the United States have experienced varying aquatic plant dominance dynamics due to historical water resource management actions, including drawdowns and introduction of herbivorous fish for the purpose of controlling invasive aquatic vegetation. Some of these management options have also been detrimental to native submerged aquatic vegetation. This paper explores an adaptive management research effort by installing herbivore-protected, fenced-pen submerged aquatic vegetation sites in a high-herbivore reservoir to determine effectiveness of protecting habitat and serving as founder colony sources for propagule spread. Four experimental sites with three management treatments each were planted with American eelgrass. Each site utilized one un-fenced treatment and two treatments with varying mesh sizes for protective fencing-pens. Site integrity, species survival and spread, and grazing were documented. One additional site was installed and planted with other native submerged aquatic vegetation species for nominal species performance descriptions. No plants survived unprotected in the high-herbivore system and plants, in general, performed consistently better within the smaller mesh size. These test planting results were ultimately used to inform adaptive management decision making for plant installation and expansion designs for managing reservoirs invested with Hydrilla, considered one of the most serious invasive aquatic plants in the United States.

关键词： Invasive Species Submerged Aquatic Vegetation Aquatic Plant Restoration Adaptive Aquatic Plant Management Herbivory Grass Carp

Studies on Cardiac Cytoarchitectonic and Biochemical Indices in Pregnant Streptozotocin-lnduced Diabetic Rats Treated with Gliclazide and Insulin

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Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 2018年第1期6卷 38-51页

作者： Olojede samuel Oluwaseun Lawal Sodiq Kolawole Medubi Leke jacob Adekoya Abimbola Julius Esubi Juan Uche Dauda Feyikemi Funmilayo Buhari Muhammed Olanrewaju Osinubi Abraham Adewale Department of Anatomy College of Medicine of the University of Lagos Lagos100254 Nigeria Department of Anatomy St. Francis University College of Health and Allied Sciences Ifakara-Morogoro 67501 Tanzania Department of Human Anatomy Western Campus Kampala International University Ishaka-Bushenyi 25647 Uganda

Introduction： GDM （gestational diabetes mellitus） is a common complication of pregnancy, and prevalence has become alarming. Insulin remains the cornerstone in management of diabetes mellitus but oral agents have been increasingly viewed as potential alternatives to insulin because it＇s economically low in cost, easier to administer and affordable to monitor compare to insulin. Aim： This study aimed to determine the effects of Gliclazide on the heart cytoarchitectonic and some biochemical indices of pregnant STZ （streptozotocin）-induced diabetic rats compare with insulin. Methods： Twenty （20） pregnant Sprague Dawley rats weighing between 130 g and 150 g were used for the experiments. The rats were divided into four （4） groups： Group 1 （Non-diabetic）, Group 2 （Diabetic）, Group 3 （Diabetic ＋ Gliclazide） and Group 4 （Diabetic ＋ Insulin）. The glucose levels and body weights were monitoring daily. The experimental rats were sacrificed on the 19th on gestational period, blood samples and organs were collected for biochemical and histo-morphological examinations. Results： Gliclazide group rats showed significant increase in body weight compared with diabetic group Q9 〈 0.05）. The blood glucose level of rats in gliclazide group was significantly reduced compared with other groups. There was significant increase in reduced GSH （glutathione） of gliclazide and insulin groups compared with diabetic group. MDA （malondialdehyde） and CAT （catalase） levels activities were significantly increase in diabetic group compared with other groups. Hormonal profiles and hematological parameters are significantly increased in gliclazide, and insulin group compared with diabetic group. There were distortions in the structural organization of heart of diabetic group while gliclazide and insulin groups showed remarkable improvements of the degenerative changes of the myocardium. Conclusions： Gliclazide glycemic control has shown beneficial effects on the cardiomyocytes damage in STZ-induced dia

关键词： Gliclazide Gestational diabetes mellitus insulin cardiomyocytes oxidative stress.

Implications of Land Use Land Cover Change and Climate Variability on Future Prospects of Beef Cattle Production in the Lake Victoria Basin

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American Journal of Climate Change 2015年第5期4卷 461-473页

作者： Japhet Joel Kashaigili Emmanuel Zziwa Siwa Ernest Emma Laswai Bernard Musana Segatagara Denis Mpairwe Reuben Mpuya Joseph Kadigi Cyprian Ebong samuel Katambi Mugasi Germana Henry Laswai Mutimura Mupenzi Polycarp jacob Ngowi Ibrahim Lwaho Kadigi Sokoine University of Agriculture Morogoro Tanzania Makerere University Kampala Uganda Association for Strengthening Agricultural Research in Eastern and Central Africa (ASARECA) Entebbe Uganda Tanzania Forestry Research Institute (TAFORI) Morogoro Tanzania Rwanda Agriculture Board (RAB) Kigali Rwanda National Agricultural Advisory Services (NAADS) Kampala Uganda

This paper presents the lessons learnt from a research project titled “Improving Beef Cattle Productivity for Enhanced Food Security and Efficient Utilization of Natural Resources in the Lake Victoria Basin” which includes Tanzania, Uganda and Rwanda. The key focus is on the implications of land use land cover change and climate variability on the future prospects of beef cattle production in this region. The study utilizes information and data from natural resources and climate components to deduce the impact of land use and land cover changes on climate variability. Additional analysis is conducted to summarize the land use and land cover data to carry out analysis on climate data using the Mann-Kendal test, linear regression and moving averages to reveal patterns of change and trends in annual and seasonal rainfall and temperature. The findings reveal that the study areas of Rwanda, Uganda and Tanzania in the Lake Victoria Basin (LVB) have changed over time following land cover manipulations and land use change, coupled with climate variability. The grazing land has been converted to agriculture and settlements, thereby reducing cattle grazing land which is the cheapest and major feed source for ruminant livestock production. Although the cattle population has been on the increase in the same period, it has been largely attributed to the fact that the carrying capacity of available grazing areas had not been attained. The current stocking rates in the LVB reveal that the rangelands are greatly overstocked and overgrazed with land degradation already evidenced in some areas. Climate variability coupled with a decrease in grazing resources is driving unprecedented forage scarcity which is now a major limiting factor to cattle production. Crop cultivation and settlement expansion are major land use types overtaking grazing lands;therefore the incorporation of crop residues into ruminant feeding systems could be a feasible way to curtail rangeland degradation and inc

关键词： Beef Cattle Production Climate Variability Crop Residues Land Use Land Cover Change Lake Victoria Basin