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中国神经科学学会第四次会员代表大会暨第八届全国学术会议

作者： samuel j.Pleasure Department of Neurology Programs in NeuroscienceDevelopmental Biology and Biomedical SciencesSan FranciscoCalifornia

＜正＞Cajal-Retzius（CR） cells are among the earliest born cortical neurons and are located in the marginal zone of the cerebral cortex,the most superficial cortical layer adjacent to the pial *** cells play a major role in regulating both migration of other neurons and cortical network maturation by regulating synapse and dendrite formation during murine and human cortical development.A number of studies have indicated that CR cells and their best characterized gene product,the secreted glycoprotein reelin,are involved in neuronal *** plays a key role in the normal inside-out formation of neocortical *** layers are inverted and cells are abnormally dispersed in reeler mice,which lack normal reelin *** defects are observed in mice lacking the two reelin receptors,the very-low-density lipoprotein receptor and the apolipoprotein E receptor *** considerable research effort has been devoted to CR cells since their discovery by *** y Cajal and *** more than a century ago,the function of these cells during cortical development is still not fully ***,the precise molecular and cellular mechanisms by which these intriguing neurons regulate the development of the cerebral cortex remain to be *** of the difficulty is that CR cells do not serve a single function but instead exert several disparate effects at distinct stages of development,and tools have been lacking to dissect these *** recent years,the Cre recombinase from bacteriophage PI has become an essential tool for conditional gene activation and inactivation in the mouse for the study of gene functions and the downstream molecular ***,to allow conditional modification of gene activity at distinct stages of development,a fusion protein composed of Cre and a mutated form of the ligand binding domain of the estrogen receptor（Cre-ERTM） have been generated in which the Cre activity can be induced efficiently

关键词： Cajal-Retzius cell reelin CreERTM Frizzled 10 Wnt cortical hem cortical development neuron migration

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In vitro antiplasmodial effect of ethanolic extracts of coastal medicinal plants along Palk Strait against Plasmodium falciparum

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Asian Pacific journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012年第5期2卷 364-367页

作者： samuel jacob Inbaneson Sundaram Ravikumar Palavesam Suganthi Department of Oceanography and Coastal Area Studies School of Marine SciencesAlagappa University

Objective:To identify the possible anliplasmodial compounds from Achyranlhes aspera(A. aspera).Acalypha indica(***),jatropha glandulifera(***)and Phyllanlhus amarus(***).Methods:The ***,***,*** and *** were collected along Palk Strait and the extraction was carried out in *** filter sterilized extracts(100,50,25,12.5,6.25 and 3.125μg/mL) of leaf,stem,root and flower extracts of A aspera,A. indica,*** and *** were tested for anliplasmodial activity against Plasnuxlium *** potential extracts were also tested for their phytochemical ***: Of the selected plants species parts,the stem extract of *** showed excellent antiplasmodial activity(IC_(50)=43.81μg/mL) followed by stem extract of ***(IC_(50)= 49.14μg/mL).The stem extract of ***,leaf and root extracts of ***,leaf,root and seed extracts of j. glanduUfera and leaf and stem extracts of *** showed IC_(50),values between 50 and 100 μg/ *** analysis revealed that,significant antiplasmodial activity(Pjury to erythrocytes was also carried out and it showed that there were no morphological changes in erythrocytes by the elhanolic extract of all the tested plant *** in vitro antiplasmodial activity might be due to the presence of alkaloids,glycosides,***,saponins,triterpenoids,proteins, and lannins in the elhanolic extracts of tested ***:The elhanolic stem extracts of *** and *** possess lead compounds for the development of antiplasmodial drugs.

关键词： Antiplasmodial activity IC_(50) Medicinal plants Phytochemicals Plasmodium falciparum Achyranthes aspera Acalypha indica jatropha glandulifera Phyllanthus amarus

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Point Mutation Analysis of <i>PMP</i>22 in Patients Referred for Hereditary Neuropathy with Liability to Pressure Palsies

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Open journal of Genetics 2014年第6期4卷 426-433页

作者： samuel B. Brown David j. Bunyan Wessex Regional Genetics Laboratory Salisbury District Hospital Salisbury UK Human Genetics Division Southampton University School of Medicine Southampton UK

A cohort of 404 patients referred for hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies was tested initially for the common PMP22 whole gene deletion. 94 whole gene deletions were detected, plus three partial gene deletions, and the remaining 307 patients were screened for PMP22 point mutations. Nine point mutations were identified (8.5% of all mutations), eight of which were in exon 5, suggesting a point mutation hotspot for individuals with this condition. Sequencing analysis of PMP22 exon 5 should therefore be included as a routine diagnostic test for gene deletion-negative patients.

关键词： Point Mutations PMP22 HNPP

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Management of symptomatic neuromas:a narrative review of the most common surgical treatment modalities in amputees

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Plastic and Aesthetic Research 2022年第1期9卷 120-132页

作者： Sahand C.Eftekari Peter j.Nicksic Allison j.Seitz D’Andrea T.Donnelly Aaron M.Dingle samuel O.Poore Division of Plastic Surgery University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public HealthG5-347 Clinical Sciences CenterMadisonWI 53711USA

Symptomatic neuromas are an all-too-common complication following limb amputation or extremity trauma,leading to chronic and debilitating pain for *** resection of symptomatic neuromas has proven to be the superior method of intervention,but traditional methods of neuroma resection do not address the underlying pathophysiology leading to the formation of a future symptomatic neuroma and lead to high reoperation *** approaches employ the physiology of peripheral nerve injury to harness the regeneration of nerves to their *** review explores the underlying pathophysiology of neuroma formation and centralization of pain *** compares the traditional surgical approach for symptomatic neuroma resection and describes three novel surgical strategies that harness this pathophysiology of neuroma formation to their *** traditional resection of symptomatic neuromas is currently the standard of care for amputation patients,but new techniques including the regenerative peripheral nerve interface,targeted muscle reinnervation,and intraosseous transposition have shown promise in improving patient pain outcomes for postamputation pain and residual limb *** neuromas are a chronic and debilitating complication following amputation procedures and trauma,and the current standard of care does not address the underlying pathophysiology leading to the formation of the *** techniques are under development that may provide improved patient pain outcomes and a higher level of care for symptomatic neuroma resection.

关键词： Neuromas regenerative peripheral nerve interface targeted muscle reinnervation osseointegrated neural interface amputation

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Model-guided design of a high performance and durability Ni nanofiber/ceria matrix solid oxide fuel cell electrode

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journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第5期30卷 98-112页

作者： Mengzheng Ouyang Antonio Bertei samuel j.Cooper Yufei Wu Paul Boldrin Xinhua Liu Masashi Kishimoto Huizhi Wang Max Naylor Marlow jingyi Chen Xiaolong Chen Yuhua Xia Billy Wu Nigel P.Brandon Department of Earth Science and Engineering Imperial College LondonExhibicion RoadLondon SW72AZUnired Kingdom Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering(D1CI) University of PisaLargo Lucio Lazzarino256J22 PisaItaly Dyson School of Design Engineering Imperial College LondonExhibition RoadLondon SW72AZUnited Kingdom Department of Computing Imperial College LondonExhibition RoadLondon SW72AZUnited Kingdom School of Transportation Science and Engineering Beihang UniversityKejiyuan RdHaidianBeijing 100083China Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics Kyoto UniversityYoshidahonmachiSakyo WardKyotoKyoto Prefecture 606-8501Japang Department of Mechanical Engineering Imperial College LondonExhibition RoadLondon SW72AZUnited Kingdom Department of Chemistry University of CambridgeThe Old SchoolsTrinity LnCambridge CB21TNUnited Kingdom

Mixed ionic electronic conductors(MIECs)have attracted increasing attention as anode materials for solid oxide fuel cells(SOFCs)and they hold great promise for lowering the operation temperature of ***,there has been a lack of understanding of the performance-limiting factors and guidelines for rational design of composite metal-MIEC *** a newly-developed approach based on 3 D-tomography and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy,here for the first time we quantify the contribution of the dual-phase boundary(DPB)relative to the three-phase boundary(TPB)reaction pathway on real MIEC electrodes.A new design strategy is developed for Ni/gadolinium doped ceria(CGO)electrodes(a typical MIEC electrode)based on the quantitative analyses and a novel Ni/CGO fiber-matrix structure is proposed and fabricated by combining electrospinning and tape-casting methods using commercial *** only 11.5 vol%nickel,the designer Ni/CGO fiber-matrix electrode shows 32%and 67%lower polarization resistance than a nano-Ni impregnated CGO scaffold electrode and conventional cermet electrode *** results in this paper demonstrate quantitatively using real electrode structures that enhancing DPB and hydrogen kinetics are more efficient strategies to enhance electrode performance than simply increasing TPB.

关键词： Solid oxide fuel cells Electrospinning Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy Tomography 2-d model Ceria

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A chromosome-level genome assembly reveals that a bipartite gene cluster formed via an inverted duplication controls monoterpenoid biosynthesis in Schizonepeta tenuifolia

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Molecular Plant 2023年第3期16卷 533-548页

作者： Chanchan Liu samuel j.Smit jingjie Dang Peina Zhou Grant T.Godden Zheng jiang Wukun Liu Licheng Liui Wei Lin jinao Duan Qinan Wu Benjamin R.Lichman School of Pharmacy Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina Centre for Novel Agricultural Products Department of BiologyUniversity of YorkYork YO105DDUK Florida Museum of Natural History University of FloridaGainesileFLUSA Department of Pathogen Biology School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative MedicineNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjngChina

Biosynthetic gene clusters(BGCs)are regions of a genome where genes involved in a biosynthetic pathway are in *** origin and evolution of plant BGCs as well as their role in specialized metabolism remain largely *** this study,we have assembled a chromosome-scale genome of japanese catnip(Schizonepeta tenuifolia)and discovered a BGC that contains multiple copies of genes involved in four adjacent steps in the biosynthesis of p-menthane *** BGC has an unprecedented bipartite structure,with mirrored biosynthetic regions separated by 260 *** bipartite BGC includes identical copies of a gene encoding an old yellow enzyme,a type of flavin-dependent *** vitro assays and virus-induced gene silencing revealed that this gene encodes the missing isopiperitenone *** enzyme evolved from a completely different enzyme family to isopiperitenone reductase from closely related Mentha spp.,indicating convergent evolution of this pathway *** analysis revealed that this bipartite BGC has emerged uniquely in the *** lineage and through insertion of pathway genes into a region rich in monoterpene *** cluster gained its bipartite structure via an inverted *** discovered bipartite BGC for p-menthane biosynthesis in *** has similarities to the recently described duplicated p-menthane biosynthesis gene pairs in the Mentha longifolia genome,providing an example of the convergent evolution of gene *** work expands our understanding of plant BGCs with respect to both form and evolution,and highlights the power of BGCs for gene discovery in plant biosynthetic pathways.

关键词： specialized metabolism monoterpenoids biosynthetic gene cluster Lamiaceae biosynthesis chromosomal inversion

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The benefits of being dominant:health correlates of male social rank and age in a marmot

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Current Zoology 2022年第1期68卷 19-26页

作者： Kenta UCHIDA Rachel NG samuel A.VYDRO jennifer E.SMITH Daniel T.BLUMSTEIN Department of Ecology&Evolutionary Biology University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095-1606USA Department of Biology Mills CollegeOaklandCA 94613USA The Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory Crested ButteCO 81224USA

The benefits of dominance may not come without costs,particularly for *** example,the“immunocompetence handicap hypothesis”states that males with enhanced mating success allocate resources to enhance reproductive output at a cost to their current health,whereas the“resource quality hypothesis”predicts that high-ranking males may benefit from increased reproduction and good *** the predictions from each have been well tested in captive animals and in a variety of highly social primates,fewer studies have been carried out in free-living,facultatively social *** adult male yellow-bellied marmots(Marmota flaviventer),we evaluated predictions of these hypotheses by examining the relationship between social rank and 2 health indicators—fecal glucocorticoid metabolite(FCM)levels,and neutrophil/lymphocyte(N/L)ratios—after accounting for variation explained by age,body mass,and *** found that higher-ranking males tended to have a lower N/L ratio(reflecting good health)than lower-ranking individuals,whereas FCM levels were not significantly related to *** addition,heavier male marmots had lower N/L ratios,whereas body mass was not associated with FCM *** also found that older adult males had lower FCM levels(reflecting less physiological stress)but higher N/L ratios than younger ***,we found that FCM levels decreased as the active season progressed and FCM levels were associated with the time of the ***,our results suggest that socially-dominant male marmots enjoyed better,not worse health in terms of lower N/L ratios.

关键词： immunocompetence handicap hypothesis life history trade-offs N/L ratio physiological stress resource quality hypothesis

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Machine-learning-based head impact subtyping based on the spectral densities of the measurable head kinematics

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journal of Sport and Health Science 2023年第5期12卷 619-629,F0003页

作者： Xianghao Zhan Yiheng Li Yuzhe Liu Nicholas j.Cecchi samuel j.Raymond Zhou Zhou Hossein Vahid Alizadeh jesse Ruan Saeed Barbat Stephen Tiernan Olivier Gevaert Michael M.Zeineh Gerald A.Grant David B.Camarillo Department of Bioengineering Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA Department of Biomedical Data Science Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA Ford Motor Company 3001 Miller RdDearbornMI 48120USA Technological University Dublin DublinD07 EWV4Ireland Department of Radiology Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA Department of Neurosurgery Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA

Background:Traumatic brain injury can be caused by head impacts,but many brain injury risk estimation models are not equally accurate across the variety of impacts that patients may undergo,and the characteristics of different types of impacts are not well *** investigated the spectral characteristics of different head impact types with kinematics ***:Data were analyzed from 3262 head impacts from lab reconstruction,American football,mixed martial arts,and publicly available car crash data.A random forest classifier with spectral densities of linear acceleration and angular velocity was built to classify head impact types(e.g.,football,car crash,mixed martial arts).To test the classifier robustness,another 271 lab-reconstructed impacts were obtained from 5 other instrumented ***,with the classifier,type-specific,nearest-neighbor regression models were built for brain ***:The classifier reached a median accuracy of 96% over 1000 random partitions of training and test *** most important features in the classification included both low-and high-frequency features,both linear acceleration features and angular velocity *** head impact types had different distributions of spectral densities in low-and high-frequency ranges(e.g.,the spectral densities of mixed martial arts impacts were higher in the high-frequency range than in the low-frequency range).The type-specific regression showed a generally higher R2value than baseline models without ***:The machine-learning-based classifier enables a better understanding of the impact kinematics spectral density in different sports,and it can be applied to evaluate the quality of impact-simulation systems and on-field data augmentation.

关键词： Classification Contact sports Head impacts Impact kinematics Traumatic brain injuryTagedAPTARAEnd

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Comparing microsurgical breast reconstruction outcomes following postoperative monitoring techniques:a systematic review and meta-analysis of 2529 patients

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Plastic and Aesthetic Research 2023年第1期10卷 769-782页

作者： jose A.Foppiani Lauren Valentine Angelica Hernandez Alvarez Allan Weidman Stephen Stearns Lacey Foster Karthika Devi Khaled Albakri samuel j.Lin Division of Plastic Surgery Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02215USA Keck School of Medicine University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90033USA Sri Manakula Vinayagar Medical College and Hospital PuducherryTN 605107India Faculty of Medicine The Hashemite UniversityZarqa 13133Jordan

Aims:This paper aims to assess the existing evidence regarding oximetry and thermography by comparing postoperative rates of complications following microsurgical breast ***:A systematic review of PubMed,Web of Science,and Cochrane was completed.A qualitative and quantitative analysis of all included studies was then ***:Fourteen studies were included with a total population of 2,529 female patients who underwent microvascular breast reconstruction,ultimately totaling 3,289 *** mean age for the cohorts included in this study ranged from 48.9 to 57 years of age.A total of 15 complete flap losses were ***,this meta-analysis of proportion showed that total flap loss experienced was 0%(95%CI 0%-100%)for patients monitored with thermography compared to 0%(95%CI 0%-1%)for those monitored with *** flap loss occurred at a frequency of 1%[95%confidence interval(CI)0%-73%]for patients monitored with thermography compared to 1%(95%CI 0%-2%)for those monitored with ***,the results of this study showed that thermography prompted a return to the operating room(OR)in 1%(95%CI 0%-73%)of the patients compared to 5%(95%CI 3%-9%)for ***,the overall complication rate was 12%(95%CI 1%-54%)for patients monitored with thermography compared to 10%(95%CI 4%-21%)for those monitored with ***:Ultimately,this meta-analysis concludes that while oximetry monitoring currently has strong evidence for improving flap outcomes,trends in the current data indicate that further studies may demonstrate that thermography may be comparable to oximetry in achieving similar patient outcomes.

关键词： Microsurgical breast reconstruction oximetry thermography flap monitoring flap take back flap outcomes

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Burn recidivism:a 10-year retrospective study characterizing patients with repeated burn injuries at a large tertiary referral burn center in the United States

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Burns & Trauma 2019年第1期7卷 75-84页

作者： Sarah L.Laughon Bradley N.Gaynes Lori P.Chrisco samuel W.jones Felicia N.Williams Bruce A.Cairns Gary j.Gala Department of Psychiatry 101 Manning DriveCB#7160Chapel HillNC 27599-7160USA Department of Surgery 4001 Burnett-Womack BuildingCB#7050Chapel HillNC 27599-7050USA North Carolina jaycee Burn Center 101 Manning DriveCB#7206Chapel HillNC 27599-7600USA

Background:Psychiatric and substance use disorders are common among trauma and burn patients and are known risk factors for repeat episodes of trauma,known as trauma *** epidemiology of burn recidivism,specifically,has not been *** study aimed to characterize cases of burn recidivism at a large US tertiary care burn center and compare burn recidivists(RCs)with non-recidivists(NRCs).Methods:A 10-year retrospective descriptive cohort study of adult burn patients admitted to the North Carolina jaycee Burn Center was conducted using data from an electronic burn registry and the medical *** variables were reported using medians and interquartile ranges(IQR).Chi-square and Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney tests were used to compare demographic,burn,and hospitalization characteristics between NRCs and ***:A total of 7134 burn patients were admitted,among which 51(0.7%)were RCs and accounted for 129(1.8%)*** the 51 RCs,37 had two burn injuries each,totaling 74 admissions as a group,while the remaining 14 RCs had between three and eight burn injuries each,totaling 55 admissions as a *** to NRCs,RCs were younger(median age 36 years vs.42 years,p=0.02)and more likely to be white(75%vs.60%,p=0.03),uninsured(45%vs.30%,p=0.02),have chemical burns(16%vs.5%,pjury or increased *** to trauma recidivists,but to a greater extent,burn RCs have high rates of comorbid psychiatric and medical conditions that contribute to increased health care u

关键词： Burn recidivism Consult psychiatry Substance use disorder Repeat burn injury

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