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Nutraceutical with Anti-Inflammatory Activity for the Management of Airway Remodeling in Bronchial Asthma: <i>Kalanchoe integra</i>Var. Crenata (Andr.) Cuf Leaf Extract

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2014年第3期5卷 250-261页

作者： Asiedu-Gyekye Isaac Julius Awortwe Charles Nyamekye Effah samuel Antwi Daniel Ansong Seidu Mahmood adjei samuel Banga N’guessan Benoit Kwame Amoateng Patrick Nkansah Edwin Department of Animal Experimentation Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research College of Health Sciences Legon Ghana Department of Chemical Pathology School of Allied Health Sciences College of Health Sciences Korle-Bu Ghana Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Ghana School of Pharmacy College of Health Sciences Legon Ghana Department of Physiology University of Ghana Medical School Col-lege of Health Sciences Korle-Bu Ghana Division of Pharmacology Faculty of Health Sciences University of Stellenbosch Cape Town South Africa

Background: Kalanchoe integra is widely used in folklore medicine as an antiasthmatic agent. Previous studies have shown the ameliorating effect of Kalanchoe integra leaf extract [KILE] on bronchial hyperesponsiveness and inflammation. Further, the stabilizing effect of Kalanchoe sp on mast cell degranulation, suggests that Kalanchoe species are suitable candidates for allergic asthma therapy. This study is designed to investigate the anti-asthmatic potential of KILE and monitor the accompanying histopathological and immunobiochemical changes that occur in an animal model of bronchial asthma using ovalbumin sensitized guinea pigs. Method: Thirty male guinea pigs were divided into five groups of six animals each. Bronchial asthma was simulated in guinea pigs using ovalbumin. Both low dose (300 mg/kg) and high dose extract (900 mg/kg) were administered daily for 42 days. Prednisolone (2.5 mg/kg) was the standard drug used. Results: Guinea pigs in all KILE treated groups maintained the integrity of their airway structures: bronchial folds and walls, alveoli, alveolar ducts and sacs. KILE and prednisolone caused a reduction in immune parameters (p 0.001), extent of bronchoconstriction, bronchial wall thickness and goblet cell accumulation in the sensitized guinea pigs. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the anti-asthmatic potential of KILE during prolonged administration by the oral route.

关键词： Kalanchoe Integra Asthma Bronchoconstriction Goblet Cells Perivascular Oedema

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Contribution of the Advanced Research Laboratories at the Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research (NMIMR) to SARS-CoV-2 Testing in Ghana

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Health 2022年第1期14卷 125-136页

作者： Darius N. K. Quansah Ivy A. Asante Evelyn Y. Bonney Evangeline Obodai Mildred A. Adusei-Poku James Aboagye Susan Adu-Amankwah samuel adjei Richard Akuffo Helena Lamptey George B. Kyei John K. Odoom William K. Ampofo Joseph H. K. Bonney Department of Virology Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research University of Ghana Legon Accra Ghana West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens College of Basic and Applied Sciences University of Ghana Legon Accra Ghana Department of Medical Microbiology University of Ghana Medical School Accra Ghana Medical and Scientific Research Directorate University of Ghana Medical Centre Legon Accra Ghana Department of Epidemiology Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research University of Ghana Legon Accra Ghana Department of Animal Experimentation Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research University of Ghana Legon Accra Ghana Department of Immunology Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research University of Ghana Legon Accra Ghana

In March 2020, the first cases of SARS-CoV-2 were reported in Accra, Ghana. These initial cases were diagnosed at the Advanced Research Laboratories (ARL) of the Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research (NMIMR), University of Ghana. The ARL which hitherto was used for routine clinical research in viral, bacteria and immunological studies has since been the facility of choice for testing for all suspected cases of COVID-19 submitted from across Ghana and beyond. The success of testing at the ARL hinged on the availability of several laboratory spaces furnished with state-of-the-art diagnostic equipment and working aids. During the “peak season” where overwhelming numbers of clinical specimens were received, the ARL processed and got results for close to four thousand samples daily. After general disinfection and re-bagging into smaller numbers, at the entrance of the ARL, the samples are taken to a central receiving laboratory, where they are received and entered in a database with accompanying case investigation forms. All samples that are successfully sorted and matched are sent to general laboratories for nucleic acid extraction and then referred to the Instrumentation laboratory for real time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). When the RT-PCRs were completed, results were analysed and transmitted via email and/or local network to the data reporting office. The data managers then reported results to the investigators and the Ghana Health Service (GHS). Additionally, the ARL provided a next-generation Genome Sequencing platform in partnership with the West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens at the University of Ghana, which was essential in reporting the genome data of the circulating variants of SARS-CoV-2 in Ghana. Conclusively, it is worth noting, that the NMIMR fulfilled its mandate of supporting the country with specialized diagnostics through the judicious use of the ARL for SARS-CoV-2 testing, from sample re

关键词： Advanced Research Laboratories Polymerase Chain Reaction Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome—Corona Virus 2 Corona Virus Disease 2019

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Post Construction Support and Sustainability of Community Water Resources and Sanitation Facilities: The Case of Eastern Region of Ghana

Post Construction Support and Sustainability of Community Wa...

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2010 Euro-Asian Winter Conference on Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management

作者： FAMIYEH samuel THEODORA Adomako-adjei Technische Universitt Bergakademie Freiberg GIMPA Business School Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration Extension Services Coordinator Community Water and Sanitation Agency

ISBN: (纸本)9783865735942

In recent years there has been an increasing focus on, and understanding of, the design and implementation phases of Rural Water and Sanitation Projects as part of efforts to make projects more successful and work more efficiently. However, not much attention has yet been paid to the post-construction stage. The post construction support is not adequate which has negatively affected the performance of institutions put in place to ensure sustainability of the facilities. The study focuses on post construction support for sustainability of water and sanitation facilities which is gaining much prominence in the water and sanitation sub sector. The study discussed the existing situation of post construction support to water and sanitation projects and examined its effectiveness and how it can affect the sustainability of facilities.

关键词： District Backstop Community Boreholes

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Twentieth Century Wanzams among the Asante People of Ghana: A Historical Study of the Facts on Male Circumcision

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2014年第9期4卷 730-739页

作者： samuel Adu-Gyamfi Prince Osei-Wusu adjei Department of History and Political Studies Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST) Kumasi Ghana Department of Geography and Rural Development Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST) Kumasi Ghana

This paper studies the history of circumcision amongst religious and traditional societies and the arguments on the medical or non-medical essence of the practice. The paper further highlights amongst the Asante people of Ghana, a practice argued to have been introduced by Islamic Wanzams who are severally referred to as Muslim Circumcision Surgeons. Often circumcision amongst communities in West, Southern Africa, Asia and other Aboriginal groups has been spurred on by customs and traditions [1]. Yet the case of Asante was different. Hence attention has been paid to the history of circumcision amongst the people of Asante. More significantly, the health implications associated with circumcision surgery in Asante have been highlighted. Possible benefits from the practice of circumcision and the potential dangers associated with it, especially the operations of the Asante circumcision surgeons (Wanzams) have been amply scrutinised in the narrative. In the conclusion, attention is paid to some of the scientific arguments for male circumcision. The study is purely qualitative relying on documentary and non-documentary sources. Some of the documentary sources have been gleaned from journal articles, news papers and books etc. The non-documentary data have been sourced from interviews. Both the documentary and non-documentary sources have been thematically pieced together to form a social history of medicine narrative which has potential ramifications on the essence of male circumcision by Wanzams, as well as the need for further research, training and dialogue in the practice in Ghana and Asante in particular.

关键词： Wanzams Asante Circumcision Surgeons Circumcision Quran

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Towards Climate Responsive Building Design: Bio-Climatic Design Features of Residential Building Typologies in the Warm-Humid Climate of Ghana

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Journal of Building Construction and Planning Research 2021年第2期9卷 170-187页

作者： samuel Amos-Abanyie Kwabena Abrokwa Gyimah Eunice Akyereko adjei Department of Architecture Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana Department of Mechanical Engineering Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana

Climatic considerations in the architectural design of most contemporary buildings have not been strictly adhered to by building design and construction professionals in the last few decades in the developing world, with users being denied the inevitable interactions with the natural surroundings offered by climate. The situation leads to utilization of energy-based equipment such as air conditioner that is environmentally unsustainable. The study aimed to evaluate the bioclimatic design features of residential building typologies and to identify features that can enhance the environmental responsiveness of buildings. This study adopted the Mahoney Tables to undertake a climatic analysis to develop appropriate design guidelines for the climate context. The developed design guidelines were then used to evaluate the bio-climatic design features of a sampled number of residential building types. The study revealed that features of the buildings reflect the recommended design guidelines, but to varied extents among the building typologies that were studied. Occupants generally find their spaces unsatisfactory primarily as a result of the experience of hot discomfort. The findings are expected to engender a renewed interest in the design of buildings in response to prevailing climatic conditions to reduce reliance on energy use and to serve as a useful reference for contemporary architectural design practice and education.

关键词： Bio-Climatic Design Sustainability Mahoney Tables Climate Responsive Design Architectural Design

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Characterization of Thermo-Physical Properties of Cement-Based Blocks of Varied Sand Types Using Cost-Effective Enhancement Approach

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Open Journal of Energy Efficiency 2020年第1期9卷 14-30页

作者： Eunice Akyereko adjei samuel Amos-Abanyie Siddig Omer Department of Mech. Eng. Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana Department of Architecture Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana Department of Architecture and Built Environment University of Nottingham Nottingham UK

The dominant property of building envelope fabric which contributes significantly to minimize electricity utilization in building is the thermo-physical properties. There is inadequate literature on representative practical data of thermo-physical properties of the dominant building envelope components in Ghana. This study aims to use cost-effective approach to characterize the thermo-physical properties of only cement-based mortar and concrete blocks used in Ghana for building components specifically wall design. Mixed methods research design was employed to achieving the aim. A questionnaire survey was used among sampled building fabric components manufacturers to pick representative data on thermos-physical properties of their mortar and concrete blocks. Also, an experimental procedure employing a transient technique with a TCi Thermal Analyser was used to determine the thermo-physical properties of selected mortar and concrete blocks from Ghana in addition to designed parametric mortar and concrete blocks with varied ratios obtained from the survey were undertaken at University of Nottingham. From the study, a trend of decreasing thermal conductivity and thermal effusivity with corresponding decreasing sand content was observed with all the different sand types. The thermal conductivities of both mortar and concrete parametric blocks meet the range of expected standard values outlined in Chattered Institute of Building Services Engineers (CIBSE) Guide A. The major limitation of the work is the dimension of the sample size;which is not inconsistent with standard block size due to the experimental setup used. It is expected that, the characterization of the predominant cement-based building fabrics components will contribute to improved building performance analysis with significant savings in electricity utilization for space cooling.

关键词： Building Envelop Thermal Conductivity Thermal Effusivity TCi Thermal Analyser Cement-Based Fabric Cost-Effective Enhancement Approach Ghana

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Teamwork and Physician Burnout: The Moderating Role of Perceived Organisational Support

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Health 2021年第4期13卷 416-438页

作者： samuel Atingabili Wenxin Wang Isaac adjei Mensah Evelyn Agba Tackie Isaac Ahakwa Prince Owusu Sarkodie School of Management Jiangsu University Zhenjiang China Department of Public Administration Law School/Institute of Local Government Development Shantou University Shantou China Institute of Applied Systems Analysis (IASA) School of Mathematics Jiangsu University Zhenjiang China

Burnout is an important issue which has attracted the attention of physicians and health practitioners. Several studies have reported the negative effect of physician burnout and the adverse effect it has on the individual and health institutions. This study therefore examined the moderating effect of perceived organizational support on the relationship between teamwork and physician burnout in the Chinese context. Using a survey data consisting of a sample of physicians from hospitals within the Jiangsu Province of China, we estimated three models in a hierarchical framework and identified that in the presence of respondent’s demographic characteristics as control variables, perceived organizational support, play a very vital role in improving teamwork while reducing burnout among physicians.

关键词： Burnout Perceived Organizational Support Teamwork Hierarchical Regression Analysis

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Effect of Variety and Plant Spacing on Growth and Yield of Groundnuts (Arachis hypogaea L.)

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第1期15卷 54-70页

作者： Abukari Iddrisu Eric adjei samuel Kwesi Asomaning Kwadwo Gyasi Santo Adu Poku Isaac Alexander Danson-Anokye Cocoa Health and Extension Division Huni Valley Ghana Department of Agriculture Berekum East Municipal Assembly Berekum Ghana Department of Horticulture and Crop Production School of Agriculture and Technology University of Energy and Natural Resources Sunyani Ghana Glenn High School Winston Salem USA

A field experiment was carried out to determine the effect of variety and plant spacing on yield and growth of groundnuts. The field experiment was laid in a 3 × 3 factorial experiment in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three (3) replications. The factor A included three (3) groundnut varieties (Nkatie Sari, Sum Nutt 22 and Yenyawoso) and Factor B was the three (3) spacing of 30 cm × 15 cm, 30 cm × 30 cm and 30 cm × 40 cm. All recommended agronomic practices were followed. Data was collected from eight (8) tagged plants. Growth data were recorded on plant height, number of branches, number of leaves, and the number of flowers while yield data were collected on the number of flowers, number of pods per plant, 100 seeds weight and the pod yield (kg/ha). The plant spacing significantly influenced (P < 0.05) the growth and yield parameters. Groundnut grown at a spacing of 30 cm × 15 cm produced the maximum plant height, whereas the maximum number of leaves, number of branches and number of flowers were produced from 30 cm × 40 cm. Yenyawoso variety with a wider plant spacing performed better vegetatively among all the varieties. The Yenyawoso variety produced the highest number of pods, 100 seeds weight and pod yield as compared to the other varieties. Also, Yenyawoso at 30 cm × 40 cm spacing and Nkatie Sari at 30 cm × 15 cm spacing produced the maximum pod yield.

关键词： Groundnut Variety Yield Spacing Plant Height

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Regional Distribution of Soil Phosphorus Across Congregation-Grazing Zones of Forage-Based Pastures with Cow-Calf Operations in Florida

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2011年第4期2卷 408-417页

作者： Gilbert C. Sigua Robert O. Myer samuel W. Coleman Cheryl Mackowiak Martin adjei Chad C. Chase Joseph Albano North Florida Research and Educational Center University of Florida Marianna United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service Brooksville United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service Fort Pierce University of Florida Range Cattle Research and Education Center Ona

The arrangement of supplemental feed, water, shelter, and their concurrent interactions with topographic features may influence the distribution of animals and their simultaneous use of pasture’s resources. The effects of grazing and/or congregation management that control phosphorus cycling and distribution have not been sufficiently evaluated. The objectives of this study were: 1) to determine whether cattle congregation sites typical on most Florida ranches, repre-sented by water troughs and shaded areas, are more phosphorus-rich and may contribute more soluble phosphorus to surface water run-off and groundwater than other pasture locations;and 2) to assess the regional distribution of Mehlich-1 extractable soil phosphorus (MP) across congregation-grazing zones of forage-based pastures with cow-calf operations in Florida. Soil samples were collected at increasing distance from congregations structures (water troughs and shades) in established (>10 yr), grazed beef cattle pastures located in three Florida regions. Samples were col-lected in the fall and spring of 2005, 2006, and 2007, respectively;following a radial (every 90 degrees) sampling pat-terns away from the center of the congregation structures. Averaged across years, MP and soil phosphorus saturation in the congregation zones were comparable (p ≤ 0.05) with MP values and soil phosphorus saturation in the grazing zones at all three Florida regions. Average MP at all three pasture locations did not exceed the crop requirement threshold of 50 mg P kg–1 and the water quality protection threshold of 150 mg P kg–1, suggesting that congregation zones in beef cattle pastures at all three regions of Florida are not phosphorus-rich.

关键词： Beef Cattle Congregation Structures Congregation Zone Grazing Zone Total Phosphorus Phosphorus Saturation Nutrient Management

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Awareness of and participation in mass drug administration programs used for onchocerciasis control in the Atwima Nwabiagya North District,Ghana

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Global Health Research and Policy 2023年第1期8卷 54-63页

作者： Francis adjei Osei Sam Kofi Tekyi Newton Isaac Nyanor Eugene Osei-Yeboah Evans Xorse Amuzu Nicholas Karikari Mensah Obed Ofori Nyarko Ernest Amanor samuel Frimpong Odoom Suraj Yawnumah Abubakar Mathias Dongyele Aliyu Mohammed Ofeibea Asare Stephanie Boadi Peter Furu Dan Wolf Meyrowitsch Ellis Owusu-Dabo Department of Global Health School of Public HealthKwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasiGhana Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital KumasiGhana Ghana Health Service BolgatangaGhana Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasiGhana Career Development Centre Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasiGhana Department of Public Health Global Health SectionUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark

Background Studies on Mass drug administration(MDA)in Ghana targeting various diseases,have mostly focused on factors that affect coverage and compliance to MDA with limited focus on evidence regarding awareness and community perception of the ***,this study sought to provide empirical evidence on the knowledge of onchocerciasis,and awareness of and participation in the MDA among community *** A community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted from August to October 2019 in communities within the Atwima Nwabiagya North District,*** was collected from 2,008 *** and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to measure the associations between socio-demographics,having heard of onchocerciasis and its prevention,and levels of awareness of the MDA *** A total of 1268 respondents(63.2%)were aware of the MDA *** majority ofMost respondents(74.4%)were of the view that the information given about the program was not enough and 45.4%of the respondents had no idea about the relevance of the MDA *** who had ever heard about onchocerciasis prevention and persons who had previously participated in the MDA program were more likely to be aware of the MDA program during implementation(AOR=2.32;95%CI 1.79-3.01 and AOR=9.31;95%CI 7.06-12.26,respectively).Conclusions We observed a significant association between being aware of MDA campaigns and knowledge of onchocerciasis and its preventive methods,and participation in previous MDA *** recommend intensification and improvement of prevention campaigns regarding the onchocerciasis MDA program as key to ensuring increased MDA program participation.

关键词： Mass drug administration Onchocerciasis Awareness Ghana

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