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Epidemiological aspect of retinoblastoma in the world: a review of recent advance studies

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2023年第6期16卷 962-968页

作者： Leili Koochakzadeh Abbasali Yekta Hassan Hashemi Reza Pakzad samira Heydarian Mehdi Khabazkhoob Department of Pediatrics Children’s Medical Center HospitalTehran University of Medical SciencesTehran ***Iran Refractive Errors Research Center Mashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhad 3453545Iran Noor Research Center for Ophthalmic Epidemiology Noor Eye HospitalTehran ***Iran Department of Epidemiology Faculty of HealthIlam University of Medical SciencesIlam ***Iran Department of Rehabilitation Science School of Allied Medical SciencesMazandaran University of Medical SciencesSari ***Iran Department of Basic Sciences School of Nursing and MidwiferyShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehran ***Iran

·AIM: To collect and present updated evidence about epidemiological aspects of retinoblastoma(Rb) in the world.·METHODS: A comprehensive search without the time and language restrictions was conducted in international databases, including MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Pub Med. The search keywords were “retinoblastoma” OR “retinal Neuroblastoma” OR “retinal glioma” OR “retinoblastoma eye cancer” OR “retinal glioblastoma”.·RESULTS: The worldwide incidence of Rb is 1 in 16 000-28 000 live births, but was higher in developing compared to developed countries. Several attempts for improving early detection and treatment had increased the Rb survival rate from 5% to 90% in developed countries over the past decade, but its survival was lower in developing countries(about 40% in low-income countries) and the majority of mortalities occurred in developing countries. The etiology of Rb could be viewed as genetics in the heritable form and environmental and lifestyle factors in the sporadic form. Some environmental risk factors such as in vitro fertilization;insect sprays;father’s occupational exposure to oil mists in metal working, and poor living conditions might play a role in the occurrence of the disease. Although ethnicity might affect Rb incidence, sex has no documented effect and the best treatment approaches were now ophthalmic artery chemosurgery and intravitreal chemotherapy.·CONCLUSION: Determining the role of genetics and environmental factors helps to accurately predict the prognosis and identify the mechanism of the disease, which can reduce the risk of tumor development.

关键词： epidemiology retinoblastoma leukocoria children RB1 gene

Integer quantum Hall effect in Kekulé-patterned graphene

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Chinese Physics B 2022年第1期31卷 553-560页

作者： Yawar Mohammadi samira Bahrami Department of Physics Farhangian UniversityTehranIran

Y-shaped Kekulébond textures in a honeycomb lattice on a graphene-copper superlattice have recently been experimentally *** this paper,the effects of such a bond modulation on the transport coefficients of Kekulé-patterned graphene are investigated in the presence of a perpendicular magnetic *** expressions are derived for the Hall and longitudinal conductivities using the Kubo *** is found that the Y-shaped Kekulébond texture lifts the valley degeneracy of all Landau levels except that of the zero mode,leading to additional plateaus in the Hall conductivity accompanied by a split of the corresponding peaks in the longitudinal ***,the Hall conductivity is quantized as±ne^(2)/h for n=2,4,6,8,10,...,excluding some plateaus that disappear due to the complete overlap of the Landau levels of different *** results also suggest that DC Hall conductivity measurements will allow us to determine the Kekulébond texture amplitude.

关键词： AAA-stacked trilayer graphene integer quantum Hall effect Kubo formula Hall conductivity

Redox-sensitive, PEG-shielded carboxymethyl PEI nanogels silencing MicroRNA-21, sensitizes resistant ovarian cancer cells to cisplatin

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Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2020年第1期15卷 69-82页

作者： Sanaz Javanmardi Ali Mohammad Tamaddon Mahmoud Reza Aghamaali Ladan Ghahramani samira Sadat Abolmaali Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Guilarij Rasht 64891Iran Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery Shiraz University of Medical SciencesShiraz 71345Iran School of Pharmacy Shiraz University of Medical SciencesShiraz 71345Iran

A series of branched polyethylenimine(PEI) modifications including PEGylation(PEG2 k-PEI) for steric shielding, redox-sensitive crosslinking for synthesis PEG2 k-PEI-ss nanogels and subsequent carboxymethylation(PEG2 k-CMPEI-ss) for modulation of the polymer pk a have been introduced for cellular delivery of Anti-mi R-21. The synthesis was characterized using 1 H NMR, FTIR, TNBS, potentiometric titration, particle size and ζ potential. Loading of Anti-mi R-21 at various N/P ratios was investigated by gel retardation, ethidium bromide dye exclusion, heparin sulfate competition and DNase I digestion experiments. The mi R-21 silencing was measured by stem-loop RT PCR in A2780 ovarian cancer cell lines whether it is sensitive to resistant to cisplatin. It has been shown that PEG2 k-CMPEI-ss was well suited for delivery of Anti-mi R-21 in terms of nucleic acid loading, preservation against extracellular matrix and nucleases and sequence-specific silencing of mi RNA-21 in vitro. Moreover, it has been demonstrated that pre-treating cells with Anti-mi R-21 loaded nanogels can sensitize them to cis-Pt even at non-toxic concentraions. The results indicate that PEG2 k-CMPEIss mediated micro RNA delivery can be considered as a novel strategy for ovarian cancer therapy.

关键词： MicroRNA PEI nanogels Anti-miR-21 Gene delivery Cisplatin resistance

Effects of Matricaria chamomilla extract on motor coordination impairment induced by scopolamine in rats

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2015年第10期5卷 829-833页

作者： samira Asgharzade Zahra Rabiei Mahmoud Rafieian-Kopaei Medical Plants Research Center Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences Department of Molecular Medicine Faculty of Advanced Medical TechnologiesTehran University of Medical Sciences

Objective: To evaluate the effect of ethanolic extract of chamomile on balance and motor learning in rats receiving scopolamine and intact ***: Fourty-two rats were divided into 6 groups(n = 7). Control group received distilled water. Rats in Group 2 were given 1 mg/kg scopolamine. Groups 3 and 4received chamomile extract 200 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg, respectively, and scopolamine simultaneously for 20 days. Intact groups(Groups 5 and 6) only received chamomile extract 200 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg, respectively. Motor coordination of rats was assessed with rotarod ***: According to the obtained results, compared with the control group, scopolamine significantly decreased time spent on rotarod performance(P < 0.001). Compared with scopolamine group, the strength and staying on rotarod apparatus in Group 3significantly increased(P < 0.05). The results of this research showed that intact groups that received only chamomile extract at doses of 200 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg significantly increased time spent on rotarod, compared with scopolamine group(P < 0.001).Conclusions: The results of this study indicated the high antioxidant property and protective effect of chamomile extract on motor coordination in the groups that received scopolamine.

关键词： impairment distilled protective apparatus assessed

ChatGPT as an Educational Tool: Opportunities, Challenges, and Recommendations for Communication, Business Writing, and Composition Courses

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Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Technology 2023年第2期3卷 60-68页

作者： Mohammad Awad AlAfnan samira Dishari Marina Jovic Koba Lomidze American University of the Middle East

This empirical study examines ChatGPT as an educational and learning *** investigates the opportunities and challenges that ChatGPT provides to the students and instructors of communication,business writing,and composition *** also strives to provide *** conducting 30 theory-based and application-based ChatGPT tests,it is found that ChatGPT has the potential of replacing search engines as it provides accurate and reliable input to *** opportunities,the study found that ChatGPT provides a platform for students to seek answers to theory-based questions and generate ideas for application-based *** also provides a platform for instructors to integrate technology in classrooms and conduct workshops to discuss and evaluate generated *** challenges,the study found that ChatGPT,if unethically used by students,may lead to human unintelligence and *** may also present a challenge to instructors as the use of ChatGPT negatively affects their ability to differentiate between meticulous and automation-dependent students,on the one hand,and measure the achievement of learning outcomes,on the other *** on the outcome of the analysis,this study recommends communication,business writing,and composition instructors to(1)refrain from making theory-based questions as take-home assessments,(2)provide communication and business writing students with detailed case-based and scenario-based assessment tasks that call for personalized answers utilizing critical,creative,and imaginative thinking incorporating lectures and textbook material,(3)enforce submitting all take-home assessments on plagiarism detection software,especially for composition courses,and(4)integrate ChatGPT generated responses in classes as examples to be discussed in ***,this study found that ChatGPT skillfully paraphrases regenerated responses in a way that is not detected by similarity detection *** maintain their effect

关键词： artificial intelligence business writing courses ChatGPT composition courses communication courses Turnitin

Symptoms of Mood Disorder in Undiagnosed Aicardi Syndrome: A Case Report

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2023年第2期13卷 61-66页

作者： samira Khan West Virginia University Morgantown WV USA

Aicardi syndrome is a rare neurological disorder diagnosed at an early age with the help from radiology imaging. Therefore, the sooner it is diagnosed, the sooner the interventions can be beneficial. However, as with mood disorders, it too has a spectrum of symptoms and can cause delays in treatments. In the following case report, a 26-year-old female’s neurological symptoms were misdiagnosed as symptoms of Schizophrenia. Through this case report, the goal is to highlight the pathway to diagnose and treat an individual.

关键词： Aicardi Syndrome Schizophrenia Behavioral Disturbances Intellectual Disability

Pea3 expression promotes the invasive and metastatic potential of colorectal carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第46期20卷 17376-17387页

作者： Aruz Mesci samira Taeb Xiaoyong Huang Rishi Jairath Darshan Sivaloganathan Stanley K Liu Faculty of Medicine University of TorontoToronto M5S 1A8Canada Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre Sunnybrook Research InstituteToronto M4N 3M5Canada Department of Medical Biophysics University of TorontoToronto M4N 3M5Canada Department of Radiation Oncology University of TorontoToronto M5S 3E2Canada

AIM: To investigate the function of Pea3 in colorectal carcinoma (CRC) invasion and metastatic potential.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Pea3 Epithelial-mesenchymal transition Liver metastasis

Effects of butternut squash extract on dentate gyrus cell proliferation and spatial learning in male adult rats

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Neural Regeneration Research 2011年第24期6卷 1855-1859页

作者： Mohsen Marzban Sara Soleimani Asl Hassan Fallah Huseini Mahdi Tondar samira Choopani Mehdi Mehdizadeh M.Sc of Anatomical Sciences Tehran University of Medical Sciences Anatomical Department Medicine FacultyHamedan University of Medical Sciences Institute of Medicinal Plants Jihad University (ACECR)Tehran Young Researcher Club Tehran Physiological & Pharmacological Department Pasture InstituteTehran Research Institute for Islamic and Complementary Medicine (RICM) Tehran University of Medical SciencesTehran Anatomical Department Medicine FacultyTehran University of Medical SciencesTehran

Previous studies reported that some plants, including butternut squash, exert positive effects on the brain. However, few studies have examined the effects of butternut squash on learning, memory, and neurogenesis. This study studied the effects of butternut squash extract on spatial learning and cell proliferation in the dentate gyrus of healthy male rats. Thirty-five male Wistar rats were intraperitoneally injected with 0, 50, 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg butternut squash extract once daily for 2 months. After the last administration, rat＇s spatial memory was studied using the Morris water maze. Finally, rats were sacrificed and hippocampal sections were prepared for light microscopy and bromodeoxyuridine immunohistochemistry studies. The results revealed that escape latency and swim distance decreased in all treatment groups compared with the control rats, and that the number of bromodeoxyuridine-positive cells in the dentate gyrus was significantly increased in the treatment groups compared with the controls. These findings suggest that butternut squash extract improves the learning and memory abilities of male rats, and increases the proliferation of dentate gyrus cells.

关键词： butternut squash spatial learning and memory cell proliferation dentate gyrus

Non-acute effects of different doses of 3, 4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine on spatial memory in the Morris water maze in Sprague-Dawley male rats

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Neural Regeneration Research 2011年第22期6卷 1715-1719页

作者： Sara Soleimani Asl Mohammad Hassan Farhadi Nasser Naghdi samira Choopani Alireza Samzadeh-Kermani Mehdi Mehdizadeh Anatomical Department Medicine Faculty Tehran University of Medical SciencesTehran *** Tehran Province Iran Substance Abuse and Dependence Research Center University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation SciencesTehran *** Tehran Province Iran Physiological & Pharmacological Department Pasture Institute Tehran 13164 Tehran Province Iran Chemistry Department Faculty of Sciences Zabol UniversityZabol *** Sistan Baloochestan Province Iran Cellular & Molecular Research Center Tehran University of Medical SciencesTehran *** Tehran Province Iran

3, 4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine （MDMA; also known as ＇ecstasy＇） has been shown to impair learning and spatial memory in adult and neonatal rats. Many studies have focused on the acute effects of MDMA on memory. In the present study, we intraperitoneally administered MDMA （0, 5, 10, 20 mg/kg） to adult male rats to investigate the effects of different doses on rat spatial memory in the Morris water maze, body temperature, and mortality, twice a day, for 7 successive days. The results indicated that MDMA impaired spatial memory dose-dependently, with the highest dose （20 mg/kg） exerting the strongest effects. In addition, MDMA also caused hyperthermia and increased mortality in rats

关键词： 3, 4-methylendioxymethamphetamine Morris water maze spatial memory neural regeneration