Epidemiological aspect of retinoblastoma in the world: a review of recent advance studies

作     者：Leili Koochakzadeh Abbasali Yekta Hassan Hashemi Reza Pakzad Samira Heydarian Mehdi Khabazkhoob 

作者机构：Department of PediatricsChildren’s Medical Center HospitalTehran University of Medical SciencesTehran ***Iran Refractive Errors Research CenterMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhad 3453545Iran Noor Research Center for Ophthalmic EpidemiologyNoor Eye HospitalTehran ***Iran Department of EpidemiologyFaculty of HealthIlam University of Medical SciencesIlam ***Iran Department of Rehabilitation ScienceSchool of Allied Medical SciencesMazandaran University of Medical SciencesSari ***Iran Department of Basic SciencesSchool of Nursing and MidwiferyShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehran ***Iran 

出 版 物：《International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)》 (国际眼科杂志（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2023年第16卷第6期

页      面：962-968页

核心收录：

学科分类：1002[医学-临床医学] 100214[医学-肿瘤学] 10[医学] 

主　　题：epidemiology retinoblastoma leukocoria children RB1 gene 

摘      要：·AIM: To collect and present updated evidence about epidemiological aspects of retinoblastoma(Rb) in the world.·METHODS: A comprehensive search without the time and language restrictions was conducted in international databases, including MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Pub Med. The search keywords were “retinoblastoma OR “retinal Neuroblastoma OR “retinal glioma OR “retinoblastoma eye cancer OR “retinal glioblastoma.·RESULTS: The worldwide incidence of Rb is 1 in 16 000-28 000 live births, but was higher in developing compared to developed countries. Several attempts for improving early detection and treatment had increased the Rb survival rate from 5% to 90% in developed countries over the past decade, but its survival was lower in developing countries(about 40% in low-income countries) and the majority of mortalities occurred in developing countries. The etiology of Rb could be viewed as genetics in the heritable form and environmental and lifestyle factors in the sporadic form. Some environmental risk factors such as in vitro fertilization;insect sprays;father’s occupational exposure to oil mists in metal working, and poor living conditions might play a role in the occurrence of the disease. Although ethnicity might affect Rb incidence, sex has no documented effect and the best treatment approaches were now ophthalmic artery chemosurgery and intravitreal chemotherapy.·CONCLUSION: Determining the role of genetics and environmental factors helps to accurately predict the prognosis and identify the mechanism of the disease, which can reduce the risk of tumor development.