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Cadmium isotope fractionation reveals genetic variation in Cd uptake and translocation by Theobroma cacao and role of natural resistanceassociated macrophage protein 5 and heavy metal ATPase-family transporters

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Horticulture Research 2020年第1期7卷 2006-2016页

作者： Rebekah E.T.Moore Ihsan Ullah Vinicius Hde Oliveira samantha j.hammond Stanislav Strekopytov Mark Tibbett jim M.Dunwell Mark Rehkämper Department of Earth Science and Engineering Imperial CollegeLondon SW72BPUK School of Agriculture Policy and DevelopmentUniversity of ReadingReading RG66BZUK School of Environment Earth and Ecosystem SciencesThe Open UniversityMilton Keynes MK76AAUK Imaging and Analysis Centre The Natural History MuseumLondon SW75BDUK Present address:Department of Plant Biology Institute of BiologyUniversity of CampinasCampinasSao Paulo 13083-970Brazil Present address:National Measurement Laboratory LGCQueen’s RoadTeddington TW110LYUK

In response to new European Union regulations,studies are underway to mitigate accumulation of toxic cadmium(Cd)in cacao(Theobroma cacao,Tc).This study advances such research with Cd isotope analyses of 19 genetically diverse cacao clones and yeast transformed to express cacao natural resistance-associated macrophage protein(NRAMP5)and heavy metal ATPases(HMAs).The plants were enriched in light Cd isotopes relative to the hydroponic solution withΔ^(114/110)Cd_(tot-sol)=−0.22±0.08‰.Leaves show a systematic enrichment of isotopically heavy Cd relative to total plants,in accord with closed-system isotope fractionation ofΔ^(114/110)C_(dseq-mob)=−0.13‰,by sequestering isotopically light Cd in roots/stems and mobilisation of remaining Cd to *** findings demonstrate that(i)transfer of Cd between roots and leaves is primarily unidirectional;(ii)different clones utilise similar pathways for Cd sequestration,which differ from those of other studied plants;(iii)clones differ in their efficiency of Cd *** yeast that expresses TcNRAMP5(*** natural resistance-associated macrophage gene)had isotopically lighter Cd than did *** suggests that NRAMP5 transporters constitute an important pathway for uptake of Cd by *** isotope signatures of transgenic yeast expressing HMA-family proteins suggest that they may contribute to Cd *** data are the first to record isotope fractionation induced by transporter proteins in vivo.

关键词： roots transformed signature

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Temporal dynamics of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy injuries on magnetic resonance imaging

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3144-3150页

作者： Holly Flyger samantha j.Holdsworth Alistair j.Gunn Laura Bennet Hamid Abbasi Mātai Medical Research Institute Tairāwhiti GisborneNew Zealand Department of Anatomy&Medical Imaging Faculty of Medical and Health SciencesThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand Center for Brain Research The University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand Auckland Bioengineering Institute The University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand

Moderate to severe perinatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy occurs in~1 to 3/1000 live births in high-income countries and is associated with a significant risk of death or neurodevelopmental *** assessment is important to help identify highrisk infants,to help families,and to support appropriate interventions.A wide range of monitoring tools is available to assess changes over time,including urine and blood biomarkers,neurological examination,and *** present,magnetic resonance imaging is unique as although it is expensive and not suited to monitoring the early evolution of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy by a week of life it can provide direct insight into the anatomical changes in the brain after hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and so offers strong prognostic information on the long-term outcome after hypoxic-ischemic *** review investigated the temporal dynamics of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy injuries,with a particular emphasis on exploring the correlation between the prognostic implications of magnetic resonance imaging scans in the first week of life and their relationship to long-term outcome prediction,particularly for infants treated with therapeutic hypothermia.A comprehensive literature search,from 2016 to 2024,identified 20 pertinent *** review highlights that while the optimal timing of magnetic resonance imaging scans is not clear,overall,it suggests that magnetic resonance imaging within the first week of life provides strong prognostic *** challenges limit the timing consistency,particularly the need for intensive care and clinical ***,although most reports examined the prognostic value of scans taken between 4 and 10 days after birth,there is evidence from small numbers of cases that,at times,brain injury may continue to evolve for weeks after *** suggests that in the future it will be important to explore a wider range of times after hypo

关键词： magnetic resonance imaging neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy neurodevelopmental outcomes prognostic biomarkers in neuroimaging scan timing therapeutic hypothermia

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Twin studies,genome-wide association studies and myopia genetics

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Annals of Eye Science 2017年第1期2卷 349-354页

作者： Katie M.Williams Pirro Hysi Christopher j.hammond Department of Ophthalmology King's College LondonSt Thomas’HospitalLondonUK Department of Twin Research&Genetic Epidemiology King's College LondonSt Thomas’HospitalLondonUK

Myopia is an increasingly prevalent,complex trait influenced by numerous genetic and environmental *** the increasing prevalence may be underlined by changing environmental pressures,the majority of trait variance is explained by genetic *** other words,the dispersion or variation in refractive error within individuals of a defined population is largely due to the effect of *** is supported by the crude but well-replicated dose-response association of one or more myopic parents and risk of myopia in their child(1-4),and to a better degree the high estimates of heritability for refractive error from twin studies(5-8).

关键词： refractive estimates error

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Functional perspectives on tropical tree demography and forest dynamics

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Ecological Processes 2019年第1期8卷 1-11页

作者： samantha j.Worthy Nathan G.Swenson Department of Biology University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20742USA

Disentangling the processes that drive population,community and whole forest structure and dynamics is a *** becomes a grand challenge in the tropics where there are a large number of species,small population sizes,less research infrastructure,and a relatively smaller number of researchers compared to the temperate *** this grand challenge,we argue,requires detailed knowledge of the functioning of individuals and *** this end,researchers frequently employ plant functional traits to study tree populations and ***,we review this approach by first providing a basic background regarding the major trait axes generally of *** then discuss how these axes may be or have been applied from ecosystem to community and population *** doing so,we highlight where the functional trait research program has failed in tropical tree ecology and where it can be improved or ***,we provide a perspective regarding how functional trait and emerging‘omics approaches can be integrated to address large questions facing the *** intention throughout is to provide an entryway into this literature for an early career researcher rather than a comprehensive review of all possible studies that have taken place in tropical forests.

关键词： Demographic rate Functional diversity Functional trait Transcriptome Tropical forest Tropical rain forest

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A spectral response approach for detecting dominant phytoplankton size class from satellite remote sensing

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2010年第2期29卷 14-32页

作者： Robert j W Brewin samantha j Lavender Nick j Hardman-Mountford Takafumi Hirata School of Marine Science and Engineering University of Plymouth UK ARGANS Ltd Plymouth UK Plymouth Marine Laboratory (PML) Plymouth UK National Centre for Earth Observation PMLPlymouthUK Graduate School of Environmental Earth Science Hokkaido University NIOVV5kita-kuSapporo 060-0810 Japan National Centre for Earth Observation PMLPlymouthUK Graduate School of Environmental Earth ScienceHokkaido University NIOVV5kita-kuSapporo 060-0810Japan Graduate School of Environmental Earth Science Hokkaido University NIOVV5kita-kuSapporo 060-0810Japan

An important goal in ocean colour remote sensing is to accurately detect different phytoplankton groups with the potential uses including the validation of multi-phytoplankton carbon cycle models; synoptically monitoring the health of our oceans, and improving our understanding of the bio-geochemical interactions between phytoplankton and their environment. In this paper a new algorithm is developed for detecting three dominant phytoplankton size classes based on distinct differences in their optical signatures. The technique is validated against an independent coupled satellite reflectance and in situ pigment dataset and run on the 10-year NASA Sea viewing Wide Field of view Sensor （SeaWiFS） data series. Results indicate that on average 3.6% of the global oceanic surface layer is dominated by microplankton, 18.0% by nanoplankton and 78.4% by pieoplankton. Results, however, are seen to vary depending on season and ocean basin.

关键词： phytoplankton size remote sensing absorption ocean colour SeaWiFS

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Ocular therapies for neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses: more than meets the eye

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第8期17卷 1755-1756页

作者： samantha j.Murray Nadia L.Mitchell Faculty of Agricultural and Life Sciences Lincoln UniversityLincolnNew Zealand

The neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses(NCLs),also known as Batten disease,are a group of inherited,neurodegenerative,lysosomal storage diseases typically manifesting in *** are currently 13 known forms of NCL resulting from various mutations in the CLN(ceroid lipofuscinoses neuronal)genes(CLN1-8 and CLN10-14).Although varying in onset and severity,the NCLs share several phenotypic features including seizures,motor dysfunction,cognitive decline,and progressive loss of vision(Mole et al.,2011).Current treatment strategies being investigated in pre-clinical studies and early stage clinical trials primarily target the brain and spinal *** these potential therapeutics show promise in attenuating neurological disease,protection against retinal dysfunction and degeneration is generally ineffective or not reported.

关键词： degeneration primarily typically

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Prediction of protein and amino acid composition and digestibility in individual feedstuffs and mixed diets for pigs using near-infrared spectroscopy

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Animal Nutrition 2021年第4期7卷 1242-1252页

作者： samantha j.Noel Henry j.Høgh jørgensen Knud E.Bach Knudsen Department of Animal Science AU FoulumAarhus UniversityDK 8830TjeleDenmark

Knowledge of the amounts and digestibility of amino acids in pig feedstuffs is essential for calculating the appropriate inclusion level in a complete *** chemical analysis and in vivo digestibility trials are time-consuming and costly and cannot be used for routine ***-infrared spectroscopy(NIRS)offers a rapid,cost effective and environmentally friendly method for evaluating *** models were developed using NIRS to predict the content of crude protein and 18 amino acids from a wide range of feedstuffs used in pig production(n=607).The samples ranged from single feed ingredients(containing amino acids from 0.3 to 129.8 g/kg of dry matter)to feed mixtures(containing amino acids from 1.2 to 53.2 g/kg of dry matter).The predictive ability of the calibrations was tested with an independent dataset(n=150)and with ***,we compare these calibrations with calibrations developed on more narrowly defined groups of samples and with predictions from regression analysis of crude *** models were able to predict the concentrations of crude protein and 18 amino acids with good levels of precision and high coefficients of determination for calibration(RSQ^(CAL))from 0.91 to 0.99 and validation(RSQ^(VAL))from 0.87 to *** models were able to predict all amino acids except tryptophan and valine with greater accuracy than those from protein *** also developed calibration models to predict the apparent ileal and total tract digestibility of protein and amino *** the exception of tryptophan,RSQ values(>0.7)and standard error of cross validation(SECV)values(<5%)were obtained for the digestibility of most of the amino *** conclusion,NIRS can be used to predict crude protein and amino acid concentrations from a wide range of single ingredients and feed mixtures used for pig diets without separate models for each *** digestibility of protein and amino acids can be predicted with an

关键词： Near-infrared spectroscopy Amino acids Protein Apparent ileal digestibility Total tract digestibility Swine

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农畜的繁育、生长和遗传

农畜的繁育、生长和遗传

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1965年

作者：（英）汉蒙（j.hammond）汤逸人译

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农畜生理学的进展第1册

农畜生理学的进展第1册

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丛书名：中国畜牧兽医学会丛书

1959年

作者： j.哈孟德（j.hammond）编汤逸人等译

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Investigating unsafe behaviours in traffic conflict situations:An observational study in Nigeria

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journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2019年第5期6卷 482-492页

作者： Chinebuli Uzondu samantha jamson Frank Lai Institute for Transport Studies University of Leeds Leeds LS2 9JT UK Department of Transport Management Technology Federal University of Technology Owerri Owerri Nigeria

Although road users are aware of the possible risks of engaging in unsafe behaviours while driving,they continue to do *** behaviours often contribute to traffic incidents and crashes involving them and other road *** study set out to analyse the effect of road user type,location and time of day on unsafe driving behaviours observed in traffic conflict *** were collected by road side observation at three different locations in the eastern part of Nigeria using the traffic conflict technique(TCT).This approach was adopted to overcome the inherent problems associated with reliable,inadequate and accessible crash data in *** total 946 traffic conflicts were observed and statistical testing showed that drivers were involved in one or more unsafe behaviours prior to these *** all unsafe behaviours observed,the incorrect use of indicators(13.3%) and tailgating(11.3%) were found to be the most prevalent,while road user type,location and time of day were found to be statistically associated with passenger scouting and other unsafe *** drivers were significantly more likely to engage in unsafe behaviours than vehicle *** are also more likely to engage in unsafe behaviours on straight ***,a greater number of these unsafe behaviours were observed during the peak *** is recommended that better road infrastructure,more effective regulations and enforcement,and proper road safety education could help improve traffic safety in Nigeria.

关键词： Unsafe behaviour Traffic conflict Traffic safety Crash data

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