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How large are the extinct giant insular rodents? New body mass estimations from teeth and bones

Integrative Zoology 2014年第2期9卷 197-212页

作者： Blanca MONCUNILL-solÉ Xavier JORDANA Nekane MARÍN-MORATALLA salvador moyà-solà Meike KÖHLER Catalan Institute of Paleontology Miquel Crusafont Autonomous University of BarcelonaBellaterraSpain ICREA at Catalan Institute of Paleontology Miquel Crusafont Autonomous University of BarcelonaBellaterraSpain Department of Ecology University of BarcelonaSpain

The island rule entails a modification of the body size of insular mammals,a character related with numerous biological and ecological *** the Miocene to human colonization(Holocene),Mediterranean and Canary Islands were unaltered natural ecosystems,with paleofaunas formed with endemic giant rodents among other *** aim is to create methods to estimate the body masses of fossil island rodents and address the nature of ecological pressures driving the island *** created regression equations based on extant ro-dent data and used these to estimate the body masses of the extinct *** results show strong correlations between teeth,cranial and postcranial measurements and body mass,except for the length of the long bones,the transversal diameter of the distal tibia and the anteroposterior diameter of the proximal tibia,where the equa-tions were less *** use of equations obtained from a more homogeneous group(suborder and family)is preferable when analyzing the area of the first *** new regressions were applied to estimate the body masses of some Mediterranean and Canarian fossil rodents(Canariomys,*** 1.5 kg and *** 1 kg;Hypnomys,*** 230 g and *** 200 g;and Muscardinus cyclopeus 100 g).Our results indi-cate that under absence of predation,resource availability(island area)is the key factor that determines the size of the Canariomys ***,under presence of specialized predators(birds of prey),body size evolution is less pronounced(Hypnomys sp.).

关键词： body mass Canariomys Hypnomys island rule Muscardinus cyclopeus

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Design and redesign journey of a drug for transthyretin amyloidosis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1096-1097页

作者： Francisca Pinheiro salvador Ventura Institut de Biotecnologia i Biomedicina Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia MolecularUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain

The misfolding and subsequent aggregation of proteins into amyloid fibrils underlie the onset of a variety of human disorders collectively known as ***(TTR)is one of the>30 amyloidogenic proteins identified to date and is associated with a group of highly debilitating and life-threatening disorders called TTR amyloidosis(ATTR).ATTR comprises senile systemic amyloidosis,which is linked to wild-type(WT)TTR aggregation,and hereditary ATTR,a dominantly inherited disorder caused by the deposition of one of over 130 TTR genetic *** systemic amyloidosis is a prevalent age-related amyloidosis,affecting up to 25%of the population over 80 years of age,and is characterized by the build-up of TTR fibrils in the *** hereditary ATTR,the clinical presentation is highly heterogeneous,primarily affecting the peripheral nervous system(familial amyloid polyneuropathy-FAP)or the heart(familial amyloid cardiomyopathy).In rare cases,aggregation develops in the central nervous system,giving rise to a phenotype known as familial leptomeningeal amyloidosis(Carroll et al.,2022).

关键词： amyloid aggregation senile

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Beyond neurodegeneration:engineering amyloids for biocatalysis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2915-2916页

作者： Andrea Bartolomé-Nafría Javier García-Pardo salvador Ventura Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina(IBB)and Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraBarcelonaSpain Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí Institut d’Investigaciói InnovacióParc Taulí(I3PT-CERCA)Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaSabadellSpain

Amyloid fibrils are highly organized protein or peptide aggregates,often characterized by a distinctive supramolecular cross-β-sheet *** formation and accumulation of these structures have been traditionally associated with neural or systemic human diseases,such as Alzheimer’s disease,Parkinson’s disease,type-2 diabetes,or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(Wei et al.,2017;Wittung-Stafshede,2023).

关键词： structure amyloid

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Chaotic Lid-Driven Square Cavity Flows at Extreme Reynolds Numbers

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Communications in Computational Physics 2014年第3期15卷 596-617页

作者： salvador Garcia Instituto de Ciencias Fisicas y Matematicas Universidad Austral de ChileCasilla 567ValdiviaChile

This paper investigates the chaotic lid-driven square cavity flows at extreme Reynolds *** observations have been made from this ***,at extreme Reynolds numbers two principles add at the genesis of tiny,loose counterclockwise-or clockwise-rotating *** concerns the arousing of them owing to the influence of the clockwise-or counterclockwise currents nearby;the other,the arousing of counterclockwise-rotating eddies near attached to the moving(lid)top wall which moves from left to ***,unexpectedly,the kinetic energy soon reaches the qualitative temporal limit’s pace,fluctuating briskly,randomly inside the total kinetic energy range,fluctuations which concentrate on two distinct fragments:one on its upper side,the upper fragment,the other on its lower side,the lower fragment,switching briskly,randomly from each other;and further on many small fragments arousing randomly within both,switching briskly,randomly from one *** the Reynolds number Re→∞,both distance and then close,and the kinetic energy fluctuates shorter and shorter at the upper fragment and longer and longer at the lower fragment,displaying tall high spikes which enlarge and then *** the time t→∞(at the Reynolds number Re fixed)they recur from time to time with roughly the same *** the most part,at the upper fragment the leading eddy rotates clockwise,and at the lower fragment,in stark contrast,it rotates *** Re=109 the leading eddy-at its qualitative temporal limit’s pace—appears to rotate solely counterclockwise.

关键词： Navier-Stokes equations lid-driven square cavity flows chaos

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Hopf Bifurcations, Drops in the Lid–Driven Square Cavity Flow

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Advances in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics 2009年第4期1卷 546-572页

作者： salvador Garcia Instituto de Matem´aticas Universidad Austral de ChileCasilla 567ValdiviaChile

The lid-driven square cavity flow is investigated by numerical *** is found that from Re=5,000 to Re=7,307.75 the solution is stationary,but at Re=7,308 the solution is time *** the critical Reynolds number for the first Hopf bifurcation localizes between Re=7,307.75 and Re=7,*** periodical behavior begins smoothly,imperceptibly at the bottom left corner at a tiny tertiary vortex;all other vortices stay still,and then it spreads to the three relevant corners of the square cavity so that all small vortices at all levels move *** primary vortex stays *** Re=13,393.5 the solution is time periodic;the long-term integration carried out past t_(∞)=126,562.5 and the fluctuations of the kinetic energy look periodic except slight *** at Re=13,393.75 the solution is not time periodic anymore:losing unambiguously,abruptly time periodicity,it becomes *** the critical Reynolds number for the second Hopf bifurcation localizes between Re=13,393.5 and Re=13,*** high Reynolds numbers Re=20,000 until Re=30,000 the solution becomes *** long-term integration is carried out past the long time t_(∞)=150,000,expecting the time asymptotic regime of the flow has been *** distinctive feature of the flow is then the appearance of drops:tiny portions of fluid produced by splitting of a secondary vortex,becoming loose and then fading away or being absorbed by another secondary vortex *** Re=30,000 another phenomenon arises—the abrupt appearance at the bottom left corner of a tiny secondary vortex,not produced by splitting of a secondary vortex.

关键词： Navier-Stokes equations Hopf bifurcations chaos

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The Lid-Driven Square Cavity Flow: From Stationary to Time Periodic and Chaotic

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Communications in Computational Physics 2007年第5期2卷 900-932页

作者： salvador Garcia Departamento de Ciencias Matem´aticas y F´ısicas Universidad Cat´olica de TemucoCasilla 15-D TemucoChile

Ranging from Re=100 to Re=20,000,several computational experiments are conducted,Re being the Reynolds *** primary vortex stays put,and the longterm dynamic behavior of the small vortices determines the nature of the *** low Reynolds numbers,the solution is stationary;for moderate Reynolds numbers,it is time *** high Reynolds numbers,the solution is neither stationary nor time periodic:the solution becomes *** the small vortices,the merging and the splitting,the appearance and the disappearance,and,sometime,the dragging away from one corner to another and the impeding of the merging—these mark the route to *** high Reynolds numbers,over weak fundamental frequencies appears a very low frequency dominating the spectra—this very low frequency being weaker than clear-cut fundamental frequencies seems an indication that the global attractor has been *** global attractor seems reached for Reynolds numbers up to Re=15,*** is the lid-driven square cavity flow;the motivations for studying this flow are recalled in the Introduction.

关键词： Finite differences staggered marker-and-cell(MAC)mesh incremental unknowns generalized Stokes equations incompressible Navier-Stokes equations chaos.

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A stable Cenozoic geologic time scale is indispensable

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Episodes 2006年第1期29卷 43-45页

作者： Amos salvador Department of Geological Sciences University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas 78712 USA.

A stable, standard geologic time scale is indispensable for the clear and precise communication among geologists; it is a basic tool of geologic work. Considerable progress has been made to achieve such a stable time scale. However, during the last few years several proposals have been made to modify the Cenozoic section of the geologic time scale that threaten to destabilize it. Seven articles published in Episodes since 2000 that could contribute to this destabilization are discussed. They provide excellent examples of the profusion of different terminologies, hierarchies, and stratigraphic relationships that have been proposed： to eliminate the Tertiary and the Quaternary or to raise their rank to suberathems; to extend the Neogene to the present; to make the Quaternary a formal subsystem of the Neogene, or consider it an informal stratigraphic unit; to eliminate the Holocene, and to decouple the base of the Pleistocene from the base of the Quaternary. If adopted, these proposals would cause nothing but great confusion and controversy. They disregard the clear preferences of geologists the world over as reflected by the terminology they have been using for many decades. Common sense would dictate the continued use of this terminology in its current, widely accepted form.

关键词：新生代地质时间比例尺地质工作

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Prion-like domain disease-causing mutations and misregulation of alternative splicing relevance in limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD) 1G

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第12期15卷 2239-2240页

作者： Cristina Batlle salvador Ventura Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular and Institut de Biotecnologia i Biomedicina Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain

Human prion-like proteins often correspond to nucleic acid binding proteins,displaying both globular domains and long intrinsically disordered regions(IDRs)(Harrison and Shorter,2017).Their IDRs are of low complexity and resemble in amino acid composition to the disordered yeast prion domains,being usually enriched in Gln and Asn residues and depleted in hydrophobic and charged ***,these sequence stretches are named prion-like domains(PrLDs).Prion-like proteins can aggregate into amyloid fibrils,which can accommodate incoming protein monomers,propagating thus the polymeric fold,both processes being。

关键词： dystrophy muscular amyloid

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第1期16卷 123-124页

作者： Carlos Bueno salvador Martínez Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante(UMH-CSIC) San JuanAlicanteSpain

Human neurological disorders and spinal cord injuries are caused by a loss of neurons and glial cells in the brain or spinal *** proof-ofprinciple of cell therapy is that replacing damaged cells with new healthy ones will restore the lost *** and manipulating autologous neural stem cells(NSCs)could provide an ideal source of cells for use in cell replacement and the transfer of genes to a diseased central nervous *** are immature cells present,not only during embryonic development,but also in the adult brain of all mammalian species,including *** presence of NSCs in the adult mammalian brain has been described in two neurogenic niches,the ventricular-subventricular zone(V-SVZ)of the anterolateral ventricle wall and the subgranular zone of the hippocampal dentate ***,NSCs are defined as self-renewing multipotent cells that can generate neurons,astrocytes and *** major barrier to isolating adult NSCs in humans is the inaccessibility of living *** this reason,an enormous effort has been made to derive neurons from human adult stem cells isolated from various tissue sources.

关键词： injuries ventricular adult

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Ambroxol,the cough expectorant with neuroprotective effects

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第11期19卷 2345-2346页

作者： Kristin Patzwaldt salvador Castaneda-Vega Werner Siemens Imaging Center Department of Preclinical Imaging and RadiopharmacyEberhard Karls University TuebingenTuebingenGermany Department of Nuclear Medicine and Clinical Molecular Imaging University Clinic TuebingenTuebingenGermany

Ambroxol hydrochloride(2-amino-3,5-dibromo-N-methylbenzylamine hydrochloride)has been used as a mucolytic agent in the treatment of respiratory diseases since the late *** effects on mucus membranes such as mucus disruption,increased mucus production,and low toxicity profile were addressed in its original German patent in *** first described properties have kept Ambroxol available worldwide and over the counter in the pharmaceutical market to this day.

关键词： protective agent German

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