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Numerical Simulation of Mixing in a Micro-well Scale Bioreactor by Computational Fluid Dynamics

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2002年第2期18卷 113-116页

作者： Hu Zhang sally Lamping Parviz Ayazi Shamlou Advanced Biochemical Engineering Centre University College LondonTorrington PlaceLondonWC1E 7JE

The introduction of the multi well plate miniaturisation technology with its associated automated dispensers, readers and integrated systems coupled with advances in life sciences has a propelling effect on the rate at which new potential drug molecules are discovered. The translation of these discoveries to real outcome now demands parallel approaches which allow large numbers of process options to be rapidly assessed. The engineering challenges in achieving this provide the motivation for the proposed work. In this work we used computational fluid dynamics(CFD) analysis to study flow conditions in a gas liquid contactor which has the potential to be used as a fermenter on a multi well format. The bioreactor had a working volume of 6 5 mL with the major dimensions equal to those of a single well of a 24 well plate. The 6 5 mL bioreactor was mechanically agitated and aerated by a single sparger placed beneath the bottom impeller. Detailed numerical procedure for solving the governing flow equations is given. The CFD results are combined with population balance equations to establish the size of the bubbles and their distribution in the bioreactor. Power curves with and without aeration are provided based on the simulated results.

关键词： CFD Numerical simulation Fermenter Snapshot method Two fluid Population balance

Evolving treatment landscape for early and advanced pancreatic cancer

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2017年第7期9卷 281-292页

作者： sally C Lau Winson Y Cheung Division of Medical Oncology University of British Columbia British Columbia Cancer Agency Department of Oncology University of Calgary Tom Baker Cancer Center

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is an infrequent cancer with a high disease related mortality rate, even in the context of early stage disease. Until recently, the rate of death from pancreatic cancer has remained largely similar whereby gemcitabine monotherapy was the mainstay of systemic treatment for most stages of disease. With the discovery of active multiagent chemotherapy regimens, namely FOLFIRINOX and gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel, the treatment landscape of pancreatic cancer is slowly evolving. FOLFIRINOX and gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel are now considered standard first line treatment options in metastatic pancreatic cancer. Studies are ongoing to investigate the utility of these same regimens in the adjuvant setting. The potential of these treatments to downstage disease is also being actively examined in the locally advanced context since neoadjuvant approaches may improve resection rates and surgical outcomes. As more emerging data become available, the management of pancreatic cancer is anticipated to change significantly in the coming years.

关键词： Cancer Neoplasm Pancreas Adjuvant treatment Systemic treatment Gemcitabine FOLFIRINOX Nab-paclitaxel

Sequencing of treatment in metastatic colorectal cancer:Where to fit the target?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第8期20卷 1993-2004页

作者： sally Temraz Deborah Mukherji Ali Shamseddine Division of Hematology/Oncology Department of Internal MedicineAmerican University of Beirut Medical Center (AUBMC)Riad El Solh 110 72020BeirutLebanon

Colorectal cancer is a lethal disease if not discovered *** though appropriate screening and preventive strategies are in place in many countries,a significant number of patients are still diagnosed at late stages of the *** management of metastatic colorectal cancer remains a significant clinical challenge to oncologists *** cytotoxic regimens constitute the main treatment of choice in this patient population,addition of the five biologics(bevacizumab,cetuximab,aflibercept,panitumumab and regorafenib)to these regimens has improved clinical *** most commonly used cytotoxic regimens include doublet combinations(FOLFOX/XELOX or FOLFIRI).Many clinical trials have been published and others are underway to compare the biologic agents with one another in order to prove the superiority of one regimen over *** colorectal cancer patients have many treatment options;however,the optimal use and sequence of targeted agents remain to be *** review entails concise and updated clinical data on the management of metastatic colorectal *** aim of the review is to determine where to fit the five biologic targets into the treatment algorithm of metastatic colorectal cancer patients and to derive treatment sequences that would achieve best clinical outcome based on the current available data.

关键词： Metastatic colorectal cancer Chemotherapy Anti-epithelial growth factor receptor Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor Treatment sequence

Feruloylated Arabinoxylans Are Oxidatively Cross- Linked by Extracellular Maize Peroxidase but Not by Horseradish Peroxidase

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Molecular Plant 2009年第5期2卷 883-892页

作者： sally J. Burr Stephen C. Fry The Edinburgh Cell Wall Group Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences School of Biological Sciences The University of Edinburgh Daniel Rutherford Building The King's Buildings Edinburgh EH9 3JH UK Present address: Ecologie Microbienne/UMR CNRS 5557 USC INRA 1193 Universite Claude Bernard--Lyon 1 Batiment Gregor Mendel 16 rue Dubois F-69622 Villeurbanne Cedex France

Covalent cross-linking of soluble extracellular arabinoxylans in living maize cultures, which models the cross- linking of wall-bound arabinoxylans, is due to oxidation of feruloyl esters to oligoferuloyl esters and ethers. The oxidizing system responsible could be H2O2/peroxidase, O2/laccase, or reactive oxygen species acting non-enzymically, To distinguish these possibilities, we studied arabinoxylan cross-linking in vivo and in vitro. In living cultures, exogenous, soluble, extracellular, feruloylated [pentosyl-3H]arabinoxylans underwent cross-linking, beginning abruptly 8 d after sub-culture. Crosslinking was suppressed by iodide, an H2O2 scavenger, indicating dependence on endogenous H2O2. However, exogenous H2O2 did not cause precocious cross-linking, despite the constant presence of endogenous peroxidases, suggesting that younger cultures contained natural cross-linking inhibitors. Dialysed culture-filtrates cross-linked [^3H]arabinoxylans in vitro only if H2O2 was also added, indicating a peroxidase requirement. This cross-linking was highly ionic-strength-dependent. The peroxidases responsible were heat-labile, although relatively heat-stable peroxidases （assayed on o-dianisidine） were also present. Surprisingly, added horseradish peroxidase, even after heat-denaturation, blocked the arabinoxylancross-linking action of maize peroxidases, suggesting that the horseradish protein was a competing substrate for [^3H]arabinoxylan coupling. In conclusion, we show for the first time that cross-linking of extracellular arabinoxylan in living maize cultures is an action of apoplastic peroxidases, some of whose unusual properties we report.

关键词： Cell wall cross-links phenolics ferulate peroxidase soluble extracellular polysaccharides Zea mays L.

Psychological controversies in gastroparesis: A systematic review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第7期23卷 1298-1309页

作者： sally Woodhouse Geoff Hebbard Simon R Knowles Department of Psychological Sciences Swinburne University of Technology Department of Gastro-enterology the Royal Melbourne Hospital Department of Medicine University of Melbourne Department of Psychiatry St Vincent’s Hospital

To systematically review literature addressing three key psychologically-oriented controversies associated with *** comprehensive search of PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycINFO databases was performed to identify literature addressing the relationship between gastroparesis and psychological factors. Two researchers independently screened all references. Inclusion criteria were: an adult sample of gastroparesis patients, a quantitative methodology, and at least one of the following: (1) evaluation of the prevalence of psychopathology; (2) an outcome measure of anxiety, depression, or quality of life; and (3) evidence of a psychological intervention. Case studies, review articles, and publications in languages other than English were excluded from the current *** of psychopathology was evaluated by three studies (n = 378), which found that combined anxiety/depression was present in 24% of the gastroparesis cohort, severe anxiety in 12.4%, depression in 21.8%-23%, and somatization in 50%. Level of anxiety and depression was included as an outcome measure in six studies (n = 1408), and while limited research made it difficult to determine the level of anxiety and depression in the cohort, a clear positive relationship with gastroparesis symptom severity was evident. Quality of life was included as an outcome measure in 11 studies (n = 2076), with gastroparesis patients reporting lower quality of life than population norms, and a negative relationship between quality of life and symptom severity. One study assessed the use of a psychological intervention for gastroparesis patients (n = 120) and found that depression and gastric function were improved in patients who received psychological intervention, however the study had considerable methodological *** is associated with significant psychological distress and poor quality of life. Recommendations for future studies and the development of psychological int

关键词： Anxiety Depression Gastroparesis Quality of life Psychological distress

The association between Tai Chi exercise and safe driving performance among older adults： An observational study

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2018年第1期7卷 83-94页

作者： sally Miller Ruth E.Taylor-Piliae School of Nursing Vanderbilt University Nashville TN 37240 USA College of Nursing The University of Arizona Tucson AZ 85721 USA

Background: Age-related cognitive and physical decline can impair safe driving performance. Tai Chi exercise benefits cognitive and physical function and may influence safe driving performance in older adults. The primary aim of this observational study was to compare cognitive processes and physical function related to safe driving performance among older adult Tai Chi practitioners to normative reference *** aims were to examine relationships between Tai Chi exercise habits, cognitive processes, and physical function related to safe driving performance and to explore potential predictors of safe driving ***: The Driving Health Inventory, the Driving Scenes Test, other driving-related cognitive and physical measures, and self-reported measures including the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale(MAAS) and the Vitality Plus Scale(VPS) were collected from current Tai Chi practitioners(n = 58; age 72.9 ± 5.9 years, mean ± SD) with median >3 years Tai Chi ***: Compared to normative reference values, participants performed better on numerous cognitive measures including the Driving Scenes Test(p < 0.001, d = 1.63), maze navigation(p = 0.017, d = 0.27), the Useful Field of View Test(p < 0.001, r = 0.15), and on physical measures including the Rapid Walk Test(p < 0.001, r = 0.20), and the Right Foot Tapping Test,(p < 0.001, r = 0.35). Participants scored higher than normative reference values on MAAS and VPS(p < 0.001, d = 0.75; p = 0.002, d = 0.38, respectively). Statistically significant correlations were found between several study measures. The digit span backward test was the strongest predictor of safe driving performance(β = 0.34,p = 0.009).Conclusion: Tai Chi exercise has the potential to impact cognitive processes and physical function related to safe driving performance. Further study using randomized controlled trials, structured Tai Chi exercise doses, and driving simulator or on-road driving performance as outcome measures

关键词： Automobile driving Driving performance Exercise Older adults Physical activity Tai Chi

Optimization of colorectal cancer screening strategies: New insights

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第28期30卷 3361-3366页

作者： Magie Tamraz Najib Al Ghossaini sally Temraz Department of Nutrition and Public Health Holy Spirit University of KaslikJounieh 446Lebanon Department of Internal Medicine Ain Wazein Medical VillageChouf 1503Lebanon Department of Internal Medicine Division of Hematology/OncologyAmerican University of Beirut Medical CenterBeirut 11072020Lebanon

In this editorial,we discuss the article by Agatsuma et *** concentrate specifically on the current routinely used screening tests recommended by society guidelines and delve into the significance of early diagnosis of colorectal cancer(CRC)and its substantial impact on both incidence and mortality *** is highly recommended,and an early diagnosis stands out as the most crucial predictor of survival for CRC ***,it is essential to identify and address the barriers hindering adherence to screening measures,as these barriers can vary among different ***,we focus on screening strategy optimization by selecting high-risk *** with comorbidities who regularly visit hospitals have been diagnosed at an early stage,showing no significant difference compared to patients undergoing regular *** finding highlights the importance of extending screening measures to include patients with comorbidities who do not routinely visit the hospital.

关键词： Colorectal neoplasms Early diagnosis Barriers to adherence Cancer screening guidelines Screening tests

Gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphomas and Helicobacter pylori infection:A Colombian perspective

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第7期18卷 685-691页

作者： sally Yepes Maria Mercedes Torres Carlos Saavedra Rafael Andrade Institute of Genetics Universidad Nacional de Colombia14490 Bogotá DCColombia Department of Pathology Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá220246 Bogotá DCColombia Human Genetics Laboratory Universidad de los Andes4976 Bogotá DCColombia Faculty of Medicine Universidad Nacional de Colombia14490 Bogotá DCColombia

AIM： To assess the significance of chromosome translo- cation t（11;18）（q21;q21）, B-cell lymphoma 10 （BCL-10） protein and He/icobacter py/ori （H. py/on） infection in gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue ... 详细信息

关键词： Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lympho-ma Helicobacter pylori Treatment t(11 18)(q21 q21 ) B-cell lymphoma 10

Optimized Deep Learning-Inspired Model for the Diagnosis and Prediction of COVID-19

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第5期67卷 2353-2371页

作者： sally M.Elghamrawy Aboul Ella Hassnien Vaclav Snasel MISR Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology MansouraEgypt Faculty of Computers and Information Cairo UniversityCairoEgypt VSB-Technical University of Ostrava Czech Republic

Detecting COVID-19 cases as early as possible became a critical issue that must be addressed to avoid the pandemic’s additional spread and early provide the appropriate treatment to the affected *** study aimed to develop a COVID-19 diagnosis and prediction(AIMDP)model that could identify patients with COVID-19 and distinguish it from other viral pneumonia signs detected in chest computed tomography(CT)*** proposed system uses convolutional neural networks(CNNs)as a deep learning technology to process hundreds of CT chest scan images and speeds up COVID-19 case prediction to facilitate its *** employed the whale optimization algorithm(WOA)to select the most relevant patient signs.A set of experiments validated AIMDP *** demonstrated the superiority of AIMDP in terms of the area under the curve-receiver operating characteristic(AUC-ROC)curve,positive predictive value(PPV),negative predictive rate(NPR)and negative predictive value(NPV).AIMDP was applied to a dataset of hundreds of real data and CT images,and it was found to achieve 96%AUC for diagnosing COVID-19 and 98%for overall *** results showed the promising performance of AIMDP for diagnosing COVID-19 when compared to other recent diagnosing and predicting models.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) CT chest scan imaging deep learning technique feature selection whale optimization algorithm