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Plant Nitrogen Metabolism: Balancing Resilience to Nutritional Stress andAbiotic Challenges

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第3期93卷 581-609页

作者： Muhammad Farhan Manda Sathish Rafia Kiran Aroosa Mushtaq Alaa Baazeem Ammarah Hasnain Fahad Hakim Syed Atif Hasan Naqvi Mustansar Mubeen Yasir Iftikhar Aqleem Abbas Muhammad Zeeshan hassan Mahmoud Moustafa Department of Plant Pathology Faculty of Agricultural Sciences&TechnologyBahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan60800Pakistan Centro de Investigación de Estudios Avanzados del Maule(CIEAM) Vicerrectoría de Investigación y PostgradoUniversidad Católica del MauleTalca3460000Chile College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina Department of Biology College of ScienceTaif UniversityP.O.Box 11099Taif21944Saudi Arabia Department of Biotechnology Faculty of Biological SciencesLahore University of Biological and Applied SciencesLahorePakistan Department of Plant Pathology College of AgricultureUniversity of SargodhaSargodha40100Pakistan Department of Agriculture and Food Technology Karakorum International UniversityGilgitPakistan Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceKing Khalid UniversityAbhaSaudi Arabia

Plant growth and resilience to abiotic stresses,such as soil salinity and drought,depend intricately on nitrogen *** review explores nitrogen’s regulatory role in plant responses to these challenges,unveiling a dynamic interplay between nitrogen availability and abiotic *** the context of soil salinity,a nuanced rela-tionship emerges,featuring both antagonistic and synergistic interactions between salinity and nitrogen ***-induced chlorophyll depletion in plants can be alleviated by optimal nitrogen supplementation;however,excessive nitrogen can exacerbate salinity *** delve into the complexities of this interaction and its agri-cultural ***,a vital element within essential plant structures like chloroplasts,elicits diverse responses based on its *** review comprehensively examines manifestations of nitrogen deﬁciency and toxicity across various crop types,including cereals,vegetables,legumes,and ***,we explore the broader consequences of nitrogen products,such as N_(2)O,NO_(2),and ammonia,on human ***-ing the intricate relationship between nitrogen and salinity,especially chloride accumulation in nitrate-fed plants and sodium buildup in ammonium-fed plants,is pivotal for optimizing crop nitrogen ***,prudent nitrogen use is essential,as overapplication can exacerbate nitrogen-related *** Use Efﬁ-ciency(NUE)is of paramount importance in addressing salinity challenges and enhancing sustainable crop *** this goal requires advancements in crop varieties with efﬁcient nitrogen utilization,pre-cise timing and placement of nitrogen fertilizer application,and thoughtful nitrogen source selection to mitigate losses,particularly urea-based fertilizer *** review article delves into the multifaceted world of plant nitrogen metabolism and its pivotal role in enabling plant resilience to nutritional stress and abiotic chall

关键词： Synthetic nitrogen nitrogen signaling sustainable agriculture eutrophication ammonium nitrate

A Rare Etiology of a Life-Threatening Subdural Hematoma: Case Report and Literature Review

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Open Journal of Modern Neurosurgery 2024年第2期14卷 108-113页

作者： Ibrahim Dao hassan Baallal Narcisse Mike Wendpuiré Ouédraogo Ousmane Ouattara Department of Neurosurgery University Hospital Souro Sanou Nazi Boni University Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso Higher Institute of Health Sciences Nazi Boni University Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso Department of Neurosurgery Avicenne Military Teaching Hospital University Caddi Ayyad Marrakech Morocco

Background: Life-threatening subdural hematoma is commonly related to trauma and rarely revealed by neoplasm. Observation: We report a case of a 53-year-old suffering from mild headache and without a history of trauma, was admitted unconscious due to a subdural hematoma on radiological investigations. Beside the left subdural hematoma, there was also alytic lesion of the sphenoid wing and the temporal bone on the same side. An emergent removal of the subdural hematoma and an excision of the bone lesion were performed. Pathological examination diagnosed a cavernous hemangioma of the skull. The postoperative period was uneventful with a dramatic recovery of the patient. Conclusion: A quick worsening of a chronic headache, acute impairment of an uncommon headache deserve prompt investigation and emergent surgical management in case of intracranial hematoma. Any bone and dural abnormalities at the vicinity of a subdural hematoma require total excision with clean border and pathological examination.

关键词： Cavernous Hemangioma Subdural Hematoma Emergency Skull Surgery

融合乌尔都语词性序列预测的汉乌神经机器翻译

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计算机工程与科学 2024年第3期46卷 518-524页

作者：陈欢欢王剑 Muhammad Naeem Ul hassan 昆明理工大学信息工程与自动化学院云南昆明650500 昆明理工大学云南省人工智能重点实验室云南昆明650500

面向南亚和东南亚的小语种机器翻译,目前已有不少研究团队开展了深入研究,但作为巴基斯坦官方语言的乌尔都语,由于稀缺的数据资源和与汉语之间的巨大差距,有针对性的汉乌机器翻译方法研究非常稀少。针对这种情况,提出了基于Transformer... 详细信息

面向南亚和东南亚的小语种机器翻译,目前已有不少研究团队开展了深入研究,但作为巴基斯坦官方语言的乌尔都语,由于稀缺的数据资源和与汉语之间的巨大差距,有针对性的汉乌机器翻译方法研究非常稀少。针对这种情况,提出了基于Transformer的融合乌尔都语词性序列的汉乌神经机器翻译模型。首先利用Transformer对目标语言乌尔都语的词性序列进行预测,然后将翻译模型的预测结果和词性序列模型的预测结果相结合进行联合预测,从而实现语言知识到翻译模型的融入。在现有小规模汉乌数据集上的实验表明,所提方法在数据集上的BLEU值相较于基准模型提升了0.13,取得了较为明显的效果。

关键词： Transformer 神经机器翻译乌尔都语词性序列

A review of anode materials for sodium ion batteries

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新型炭材料（中英文） 2024年第5期39卷 743-769页

作者： Syed Ali Riza XU Ri-gan LIU Qi Muhammad hassan YANG Qiang MU Dao-bin LI Li WU Feng CHEN Ren-jie Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Science and Engineering School of Material Science and EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

Lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)are used in electric vehicles and portable smart devices,but lithium resources are dwindling and there is an increasing demand which has to be catered *** ion batteries(SIBs),which are less costly,are a promising replacement for LIBs because of the abundant natural reserves of *** anode of a SIB is a necessary component of the battery but is less understood than the *** review outlines the development of various types of anodes,including carbonbased,metallic and organic,which operate using different reaction mechanisms such as intercalation,alloying and conversion,and considers their challenges and *** for modifying their structures by doping and coating,and also modifying the solid electrolyte interface are *** addition,this review also discusses the challenges encountered by the anode of SIBs and the solutions.

关键词： Sodium ion batteries Anode Carbon material Metallic compound Organic

Multifunctional MXene/Carbon Nanotube Janus Film for Electromagnetic Shielding and Infrared Shielding/Detection in Harsh Environments

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第10期16卷 543-560页

作者： Tufail hassan Aamir Iqbal Byungkwon Yoo Jun Young Jo Nilufer Cakmakci Shabbir Madad Naqvi Hyerim Kim Sungmin Jung Noushad Hussain Ujala Zafar Soo Yeong Cho Seunghwan Jeong Jaewoo Kim Jung Min Oh Sangwoon Park Youngjin Jeong Chong Min Koo School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySeobu-ro 2066Jangan-guSuwon-siGyeonggi-do 16419Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Soongsil UniversitySeoul 06978Republic of Korea Institute of Advanced Composite Materials Korea Institute of Science and Technology92 Chudong-roBongdong-eupWanju-gunJeollabuk-do 55324Republic of Korea R&D Center INNOMXENE Co. Ltd.Daejeon 34365Republic of Korea School of Chemical Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySeobu-ro 2066Jangan-guSuwon-siGyeonggi-do 16419Republic of Korea

Multifunctional,flexible,and robust thin films capable of operating in demanding harsh temperature environments are crucial for various cutting-edge *** study presents a multifunctional Janus film integrating highly-crystalline Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) MXene and mechanically-robust carbon nanotube(CNT)film through strong hydrogen *** hybrid film not only exhibits high electrical conductivity(4250 S cm^(-1)),but also demonstrates robust mechanical strength and durability in both extremely low and high temperature environments,showing exceptional resistance to thermal *** hybrid Janus film of 15μm thickness reveals remarkable multifunctionality,including efficient electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of 72 dB in X band frequency range,excellent infrared(IR)shielding capability with an average emissivity of 0.09(a minimal value of 0.02),superior thermal camouflage performance over a wide temperature range(−1 to 300℃)achieving a notable reduction in the radiated temperature by 243℃ against a background temperature of 300℃,and outstanding IR detection capability characterized by a 44%increase in resistance when exposed to 250 W IR *** multifunctional MXene/CNT Janus film offers a feasible solution for electromagnetic shielding and IR shielding/detection under challenging conditions.

关键词： MXene/carbon nanotube Janus film Electromagnetic interference shielding Infrared shielding Thermal camouflage Infrared detection

Unveiling the dynamic role of innate and adaptive immune cells in COPD pathogenesis induced by cigarette smoke

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Life Research 2024年第4期7卷 29-41页

作者： Dur E Maknoon Razia Syed Sib Tul hassan Shah Tabish Faheem Department of Pathogen Biology College of Basic Medical SciencesJilin UniversityChangchun 130015China Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation College of Life Sciences and MedicineZhejiang Sci-Tech UniversityHangzhou 310018China Department of Surgery Nishtar Medical universityMultan 66000Pakistan.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)is a multifaceted syndrome characterized by a dysregulated inflammatory cascade within the respiratory system,primarily triggered by exposure to harmful particles and gases,notably from cigarette *** inflammatory response is orchestrated by innate immune cells like macrophages and epithelial cells,which recognize danger signals released from damaged *** inflammation prompts an adaptive immune reaction mediated by dendritic cells,culminating in the formation of lymphoid follicles and involving a complex interplay of T and B cells,as well as cytotoxic ***,both viral and bacterial infections exacerbate COPD by further igniting inflammatory pathways,perpetuating the chronic inflammatory *** comprehensive review encapsulates the intricate interplay between innate and adaptive immunity in COPD,with a particular focus on the role of cigarette smoke in its pathogenesis and potential therapeutic targets.

关键词： chronic obstructive pulmonary disease innate immunity adaptive immunity cigarette smoke inflammation oxidative stress protease-antiprotease imbalance

Analysis of Mobile and Internet Network Coverage: Propagation of Electromagnetic Waves and Concept of Digital Divide in Burundi

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Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2024年第1期12卷 1-18页

作者： Apollinaire Bigirimana Jérémie Ndikumagenge Sami Tabbane Romeo Nibitanga hassan Kibeya Center for Research in Infrastructure Environment and Technology (CRIET) Doctoral School of the University of Burundi Bujumbura Burundi Center for Research in Infrastructure Environment and Technology (CRIET) University of Burundi Bujumbura Burundi Higher School of Communications of Tunis Technological City of Communications Ariana Tunisia Faculty of Engineering Sciences Universit du Burundi Bujumbura Burundi

Mobile and Internet network coverage plays an important role in digital transformation and the exploitation of new services. The evolution of mobile networks from the first generation (1G) to the 5th generation is still a long process. 2G networks have developed the messaging service, which complements the already operational voice service. 2G technology has rapidly progressed to the third generation (3G), incorporating multimedia data transmission techniques. It then progressed to fourth generation (4G) and LTE (Long Term Evolution), increasing the transmission speed to improve 3G. Currently, developed countries have already moved to 5G. In developing countries, including Burundi, a member of the East African Community (ECA) where more than 80% are connected to 2G technologies, 40% are connected to the 3G network and 25% to the 4G network and are not yet connected to the 5G network and then still a process. The objective of this article is to analyze the coverage of 2G, 3G and 4G networks in Burundi. This analysis will make it possible to identify possible deficits in order to reduce the digital divide between connected urban areas and remote rural areas. Furthermore, this analysis will draw the attention of decision-makers to the need to deploy networks and coverage to allow the population to access mobile and Internet services and thus enable the digitalization of the population. Finally, this article shows the level of coverage, the digital divide and an overview of the deployment of base stations (BTS) throughout the country to promote the transformation and digital inclusion of services.

关键词： Coverage of Mobile Networks and Internet Digital Divide Rural and Isolated Areas Antenna Connectivity and Digital Inclusion

A Bronchopulmonary Onset of Candidemia Revealing a Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis

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Case Reports in Clinical Medicine 2024年第5期13卷 147-154页

作者： Chaïmaâ Zeroual Mina Moudatir Khadija Echchilali Leila Barakat hassan El Kabli Department of Internal Medicine Ibn Rochd University Hospital Center Casablanca Morocco

Candidemia is defined as being a yeast infection confirmed by the presence of at least one positive Candida blood culture. It is a life threatening infection causing high mortality. The clinical signs are generally compatible with the causative agent (whether there is a deep venous catheter or not). On the other hand and according to the 2012 Revised Chapel Hill Classification, granulomatosis with polyangiitis GPA is classified as a vasculitis associated with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies ANCA. It is a systemic disease characterized by the anatomopathological aspect of granuloma. We report the case of a patient who presented an atypical and a very rare revealing mode of GPA which was a bronchopulmonary candidiasis complicated by candidemia. Despite its controversy, the combination in the acute phase of antifungal treatment based on intravenous voriconazole and glucocorticoid therapy has made it possible to control candidemia and calm vasculitis.

关键词： Candidemia C. glabrata Pulmonary Candidiasis Vasculitis Immunodepression Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis Cavitary Lesions Antifungal Therapy Immunosuppressants

Effect of degree of saturation on stresses and pore water pressure in the subgrade layer caused by railway track loading

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Railway Sciences 2024年第4期3卷 413-436页

作者： Mohammed Y.Fattah Qutaiba G.Majeed hassan H.Joni Department of Civil Engineering UOTBaghdadIraq Department of Civil Engineering Diyala UniversityDiyalaIraq

Purpose-The experiments of this study investigated the effect of the subgrade degree of saturation on the value of the stresses generated on the surface and the middle(vertical and lateral stresses).The objectives of this study can be identified by studying the effect of subgrade layer degree of saturation variation,load amplitude and load frequency on the transmitted stresses through the ballast layer to the subgrade layer and the stress distribution inside it and investigating the excess pore water pressure development in the clay layer in the case of a fully saturated subgrade layer and the change in matric suction in the case of an unsaturated subgrade ***/methodology/approach-Thirty-six laboratory experiments were conducted using approximately half-scale replicas of real railways,with an iron box measuring 1.5×1.031.0 *** the box,a 0.5 m thick layer of clay soil representing the base layer was *** it is a 0.2 m thick ballast layer made of crushed stone,and on top of that is a 0.8 m long rail line supported by three 0.9 m(0.1×0.1 m)slipper *** subgrade layer has been built at the following various saturation levels:100,80,70 and 60%.Experiments were conducted with various frequencies of 1,2 and 4 Hz with load amplitudes of 15,25 and 35 ***-The results of the study demonstrated that as the subgrade degree of saturation decreased from 100 to 60%,the ratio of stress in the lateral direction to stress in the vertical direction generated in the middle of the subgrade layer decreased as *** average,this ratio changed from approximately 0.75 to approximately ***/value-The study discovered that as the test proceeded and the number of cycles increased,the value of negative water pressure(matric suction)in the case of unsaturated subgrade soils *** frequency of loads had no bearing on the ratio of decline in matric suction values,which was greater under a larger load amplitude than a lower *** the test progr

关键词： Subgrade clay Unsaturated Track Matric suction Stresses