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Type Ⅰ kerogen-rich oil shale from the Democratic Republic of the Congo: mineralogical description and pyrolysis kinetics

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Petroleum Science 2020年第1期17卷 255-267页

作者： Rajaa Bouamoud Ely Cheikh Moine Raphaèl Mulongo-Masamba Adnane El Hamidi Mohammed Halim said arsalane Laboratory of Nanomaterials Nanotechnologies and EnvironmentCenter of Science of MaterialsFaculty of SciencesMohammed V University in RabatAvenue Ibn BattoutaBP:101410000 RabatMorocco Research Unit of Materials Chemistry Faculty of Science and TechnologyUNANouakchottMauritania Department of Geochemistry Center for Geological and Mining Research(CGMR)KinshasaDemocratic Republic of the Congo

The Democratic Republic of the Congo holds important reserves of oil shale which is still under geological ***,the characterization and pyrolysis kinetics of typeⅠkerogen-rich oil shale of the western Central Kongo(CK)were investigated.X-ray diffraction,Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and thermal analysis(TG/DTA)showed that CK oil shale exhibits a siliceous mineral matrix with a consistent organic matter rich in aliphatic *** pyrolysis behavior of kerogen revealed the presence of a single mass loss between 300 and 550°C,estimated at 12.5%and attributed to the oil production ***-isothermal kinetics was performed by determining the activation energy using the iterative isoconversional model-free methods and exhibits a constant value with E=211.5±4.7 kJ *** most probable kinetic model describing the kerogen pyrolysis mechanism was obtained using the Coats–Redfern and Arrhenius plot *** results showed a unique kinetic triplet confirming the nature of kerogen,predominantly typeⅠand reinforcing the previously reported geochemical characteristics of the CK oil ***,the calculation of thermodynamic parameters(ΔH~*,ΔS~*andΔG~*)corresponding to the pyrolysis of typeⅠkerogen revealed that the process is non-spontaneous,in agreement with DTA experiments.

关键词： TypeⅠkerogen Pyrolysis kinetics Isoconversional methods Mineralogy Central Kongo oil shale

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Detection of internal crack growth in polyethylene pipe using guided wave ultrasonic testing

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2024年第2期23卷 319-329页

作者： Jay Kumar Shah Hao Wang said El-Hawwat Centre of Advanced Infrastructure and Transportation RutgersThe State University of New JerseyNJ 08854USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering RutgersThe State University of New JerseyNJ 08854USA

Despite the success of guided wave ultrasonic inspection for internal defect detection in steel pipes,its application on polyethylene(PE)pipe remains relatively *** growth of internal cracks in PE pipe severely affects its pressure-holding capacity,hence the early detection of internal cracks is crucial for effective pipeline maintenance *** study extends the scope of guided wave-based ultrasonic testing to detect the growth of internal cracks in a natural gas distribution PE *** experiments and a finite element model were planned to study the wave-crack interaction at different stages of axially oriented internal crack growth with a piezoceramic transducer-based setup arranged in a pitch-catch *** dispersion analysis supplemented with preliminary experiments was performed to isolate the optimal inspection frequency,leading to the selection of the T(0,1)mode at 50-kHz for the investigation.A transmission index based on the energy of the T(0,1)mode was developed to trace the extent of simulated crack *** findings revealed an inverse linear correlation between the transmission index and the crack depth for crack growth beyond 20%crack depth.

关键词： polyethylene pipes internal cracks guided wave ultrasonic testing torsional modes finite element modeling

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Customized Convolutional Neural Network for Accurate Detection of Deep Fake Images in Video Collections

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第5期79卷 1995-2014页

作者： Dmitry Gura Bo Dong Duaa Mehiar Nidal Al said Department of Cadastre and Geoengineering Kuban State Technological UniversityKrasnodar350072Russian Federation Department of Geodesy Kuban State Agrarian UniversityKrasnodar350072Russian Federation School of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Liaoning UniversityLiaoning110031China Department of IT Middle East UniversityAmman11831Jordan College of Mass Communication Ajman UniversityP.O Box 346AjmanUnited Arab Emirates

The motivation for this study is that the quality of deep fakes is constantly improving,which leads to the need to develop new methods for their *** proposed Customized Convolutional Neural Network method involves extracting structured data from video frames using facial landmark detection,which is then used as input to the *** customized Convolutional Neural Network method is the date augmented-based CNN model to generate‘fake data’or‘fake images’.This study was carried out using Python and its *** used 242 films from the dataset gathered by the Deep Fake Detection Challenge,of which 199 were made up and the remaining 53 were *** seconds were allotted for each *** were 318 videos used in all,199 of which were fake and 119 of which were *** proposedmethod achieved a testing accuracy of 91.47%,loss of 0.342,and AUC score of 0.92,outperforming two alternative approaches,CNN and ***,our method succeeded in greater accuracy than contemporary models such as XceptionNet,Meso-4,EfficientNet-BO,MesoInception-4,VGG-16,and *** novelty of this investigation is the development of a new Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)learning model that can accurately detect deep fake face photos.

关键词： Deep fake detection video analysis convolutional neural network machine learning video dataset collection facial landmark prediction accuracy models

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Evaluation of urea breath test as a diagnostic tool for Helicobacter pylori infection in adult dyspeptic patients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第17期30卷 2302-2307页

作者： Zeinab Nabil Ahmed said Asmaa Mohamed El-Nasser Department of Medical Microbiology&Immunology Faculty of Medicine for Girls Al-Azhar UniversityNasr City 11754CairoEgypt

In this editorial,we discuss the article in the World Journal of *** article conducts a meta-analysis of the diagnostic accuracy of the urea breath test(UBT),a non-invasive method for detecting Helicobacter pylori(***)infection in *** is based on radionuclide-labeled *** methods,both invasive and non-invasive,are available for diagnosing *** infection,inclu-ding endoscopy with biopsy,serology for immunoglobulin titers,stool antigen analysis,and *** guidelines recommend UBTs as the primary choice for diagnosing *** infection and for reexamining after eradication *** is used to be the first choice non-invasive test due to their high accuracy,specificity,rapid results,and ***,its performance remains unaffected by the distribution of *** in the stomach,allowing a high flow of patients to be *** its widespread use,the performance characteristics of UBT have been inconsistently described and remain incompletely *** are two UBTs available with Food and Drug Administration approval:The 13C and 14C *** tests are affordable and can provide real-time *** may prefer the 13C test because it is non-radioactive,compared to 14C which uses a radioactive isotope,especially in young children and pregnant *** there was heterogeneity among the studies regarding the diagnostic accuracy of both UBTs,13C-UBT consistently outperforms the *** makes the 13C-UBT the preferred diagnostic ***,the provided findings of the meta-analysis emphasize the significance of precise considerations when choosing urea dosage,assessment timing,and measurement techniques for both the 13C-UBT and 14C-UBT,to enhance diagnostic precision.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Urea breath test Diagnosis Diagnostic test accuracy Meta-analysis

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Comparison of ERA5 turbulent fluxes at the air-sea interface with measurements from a wave-following platform

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2024年第3期17卷 32-36页

作者： said Benjeddou Denis Bourras Christopher Luneau Aix Marseille Universite National Center for Scientific ResearchMediterranean Institute of OceanographyMarseilleFrance Observatory of the Sciences of the Universe Pytheas Institute National Center for Scientific ResearchMarseilleFrance

Turbulent fluxes at the air-sea interface were estimated with data collected in 2011-2020 with a low-profile platform named OCARINA during eight experiments in five regions:2011,2015,and 2016 in the Iroise Sea;2012 in the tropical Atlantic;2014 in the Chilie-Peru upwelling;2017 and 2018 in the Mediterranean Sea,and 2018 and 2020 in *** observations were carried out with moderate winds(2-10 m s^(-1))and average wave heights of 1.5 *** this study,the authors used the fluxes calculated by the bulk method using OCARINA-sampled data as the *** data can validate the fluxes estimated from ERAS reanalysis *** OCARINA and ERA5 data were taken *** do this,the authors established an algorithm to extract the OCARINA data as closely as possible to the reanalysis data in time and *** measurements of the OCARINA platform can conclude on the relevance of the widely used reanalysis data.

关键词： Ocarina ECMWF ERA5 Turbulent fluxes Louis formulation

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全球化及其对21世纪巴基斯坦的政治和社会影响之争论

全球化及其对21世纪巴基斯坦的政治和社会影响之争论

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作者： Ali said 吉林大学

学位级别：硕士

全球化是全球出现的一种重大现象。与这种转变相关的变化在存在的方方面面都是深刻而明显的。与前现代全球化时代(特别是第一次世界大战后)相比,科学技术取得了重大进步,经济活动大幅增长,对权力的理解和利用发生了根本性转变,世界各地... 详细信息

全球化是全球出现的一种重大现象。与这种转变相关的变化在存在的方方面面都是深刻而明显的。与前现代全球化时代(特别是第一次世界大战后)相比,科学技术取得了重大进步,经济活动大幅增长,对权力的理解和利用发生了根本性转变,世界各地社会文化框架也发生转变。技术进步促进了全球化,为国家、经济和文化创造了一个激烈的竞争环境。全球化是由各种力量推动的,例如先进的信息和通信技术、大众媒体、跨国组织、跨国公司、政府间组织和非政府组织。这些力量对生活的不同方面都有重大影响,包括国家资源生成、经济稳定或不稳定、政治制度影响、社会转型,甚至维持全球权力平衡。复杂的形势要求政府拥有越来越先进的能力,而高质量的国家在当今时代是必不可少的。全球化进程无疑在全球治理结构的政策和执行方面都存在重大缺陷。然而,这些缺点也可以归因于个别政府的内部脆弱性。本论文研究了全球化对21世纪巴基斯坦国家和社会的政治和社会影响;全球化如何影响巴基斯坦的政治,削弱巴基斯坦在21世纪的主权?全球化如何影响巴基斯坦社会,如何改变21世纪巴基斯坦的文化自我?巴基斯坦在21世纪的政治和社会领域都受到全球化的影响。巴基斯坦是一个发展中国家,拥有重要的战略位置、核能力(原子能)、丰富的自然资源、多样化的文明以及年轻人口的强大能力。然而,其政治制度的不稳定状态、经济薄弱和人口分裂正在造成重大障碍,特别是在全球化带来的困难方面。全球化在国家生活的几个方面带来了深刻的变化,这对一个缺乏足够管理能力的国家和社会提出了相当大的挑战。自威斯特伐利亚时代以来,国家一直是全球政治的主要参与者和卓越机构,拥有高度的主权,基本上不受外部和内部力量的影响。在现代,随着全球化势头的增强,非国家机构的影响越来越大,它们对国界的干预也在增加。与任何其他国家一样,巴基斯坦不能将自己与这些影响隔离开来。为了更好地理解这一现象,我们将研究全球化如何影响全球形势,特别是它如何影响巴基斯坦,以便最终验证这些假设。为此,将采用定性研究方法,并制定一个概念框架,以巴基斯坦为例,确定我们可以评估全球化如何影响发展中国家的界限。文化将作为一个变量,分析巴基斯坦文化和社会的西方化和现代化,以确定全球化对巴基斯坦社会的影响。巴基斯坦目前正面临着全球化对其21世纪政治和社会的切实影响。不利的国内环境,主要特点是治理不善、不利的社会经济指标和政治不稳定,阻碍了巴基斯坦有效参与全球化的能力。在这个进步的时代,国家权力的概念发生了转变。常规军事不再是评估一个国家主权地位强弱的唯一标准。国家实力的基本组成部分通常被视为软实力,包括技术实力和经济实力。巴基斯坦尽管是核大国,但容易受到各种形式的内部和外部力量的影响。在全球化时代,巴基斯坦的主权正在受到破坏,而国内力量的进步因素并没有被纳入国家的整体实力。巴基斯坦积极参与全球化进程的障碍可归因于几个原因,包括其经济和技术依赖性、不稳定的治理体系、识字率低以及公众观点不同的分裂社会。技术和金融领域的相互依存使一个国家变得脆弱并依赖世界其他地区或国际组织,从而阻碍了其保持自治和抵抗外部和内部影响的能力。全球化要求在世界范围内实现建立在科学和技术进步基础上的社会现代化。文明现代化进程对于在全球范围内相互联系的国家和社区至关重要。世界各国社会正在通过两种主要方法应对现代化的挑战:追求植根于科学技术进步的真正现代化,或采用西方化——主要体现在文化领域模仿西方现代性。巴基斯坦社会也不能幸免于21世纪全球化的影响,因为它目前正经历着对发达社会的重大影响。该研究考察了全球化对巴基斯坦的现代化、西方化的影响。由于这种暴露,巴基斯坦社会正在吸收西方社会的影响。模仿现象通常被认为是社会的西化,在经济上处于不利地位的文明中普遍存在。国家的显著进步和社会的进步使老牌国家成为欠发达文化的榜样,他们渴望效仿这些文化。巴基斯坦社会缺乏重大的科学和技术进步,以及模仿主要关注文化方面,这表明真正的现代性并没有在这种情况下发生。模范社会所取得的真正进步,从根本上说是建立在它们在科学和技术领域所取得的成就之上的。本论文分别由五章组成。第一章是“导言”,简要介绍了全球化的整个现象,即全球化是全球性的重大发展。与这种程序相关的变化在生活的方方面面都是深刻而明显的。这一现象表明,技术和科学知识取得了重大进步,经济活动大幅增长,力量概念发生了结构性转变。它还强调了研究的背景、研究问题和研究的意义。目前,全球是相互联系的。由于全球化,世界各地的政治、社会、经济和文化联系正在发生变化。由于壁垒的消除、高度的竞争、跨境经济自由化以及购买者的品味和兴趣日益相同,以及国际资本和劳工迁移的灵活性,这些扩大了经济、社会、政治、商业和数据联系。本部分还包含主要论点、研究方法、文献综述和概念框架。第二章是“从政治和

关键词：巴基斯坦政治影响社会影响主权全球化

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Mapping lineaments using Landsat 8 OLI and SRTM data;a case study of the eastern part of the Ouarzazate Basin,Morocco

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第3期21卷 987-1003页

作者： MOUJANE said ALGOUTI Ahmed ALGOUTI Abdellah FARAH Abdelouahed ABOULFARAJ Abdelfatah NAFOURI Imane Geoscience Geotourism Natural Hazards and Remote Sensing Laboratory(2GRNT) Department of GeologyFaculty of Sciences SemlaliaUniversity of Cadi AyyadBP 239040000MarrakechMorocco

The integration of remote sensing and geographic information system(GIS)was employed in this study to delineate the structural lineaments within the eastern section of the Ouarzazate Basin,situated between the southern front of the Central High Atlas and the northern slopes of the Eastern Anti-Atlas(also known as the Saghro Massif).To achieve this objective,Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager(OLI)and Shuttle Radar Topography Mission(SRTM)data were *** Component Analysis(PCA)was computed and a directional filter was applied to the first PCA and the panchromatic band(B8).Additionally,shading was applied to the SRTM data in four directions;N0°,N45°,N90°,N135°.After removing of the non-geological linear structures,the results obtained,using the automatic extraction method,allowed us to produce a synthetic map that included 1251 lineaments with an average length of 1331 m and was dominated by NE-SW,ENE-WSW and E-W directions,***,the high lineament density is clearly noted in the Anti-Atlas(Saghro Massif)and at the level of the northern part,extending from the Ait Ibrirne to Arg-Ali Oubourk *** lineament density can always be found around the major faults affecting this *** data collected during the field investigations and from geological maps show that the major direction of the faults and structural accidents range mostly between N45°,N70°and N75°.The correlation of remote sensing results with those collected in the field shows a similarity and coincidence with each *** these results,it is possible to consider the automatic extraction method as a supplementary kind that can serve classical geology by quickly enriching it with additional *** shown in this work,this method provides more information when applied in arid areas where the fields are well outcropped.

关键词： Remote sensing GIS Landsat 8 OLI SRTM Ouarzazate Basin Central High Atlas

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Previously undiagnosed Morgagni hernia with bowel perforation detected during repeat screening colonoscopy: A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第14期12卷 2389-2395页

作者： said Al Alawi Alan N Barkun Sara Najmeh Division of Gastroenterology McGill UniversityMontrealQC H4A 3J1Canada Division of Thoracic surgery McGill UniversityMontrealQC H4A 3J1Canada

BACKGROUND Morgagni hernia(MH)is a form of congenital diaphragmatic hernia(CDH)characterized by an incomplete formation of diaphragm,resulting in the protru-sion of abdominal organs into the thoracic *** estimated incidence of CDH is between 1 in 2000 and 1 in 5000 live births,although the true incidence is *** typically presents in childhood and can be diagnosed either pre-natally or ***,it can also be asymptomatic and carry the risk of developing into a life-threatening condition in *** SUMMARY A 76-year-old female with no history of prior abdominal surgeries presented for an elective colonoscopy for polyp *** the procedure,when approaching the hepatic flexure,the scope could not be advanced further despite multiple *** patient experienced mild abdominal discomfort,leading to the abortion of the *** in the recovery area,she developed increa-sing abdominal pains and *** abdominal imaging revealed her-niation of the proximal transverse colon through a MH into the chest with evi-dence of *** patient underwent laparoscopic urgent colonic resection and primary hernia repair and was discharged uneventfully 2 d *** A MH is a rare condition in adults that can present as a life-threatening compli-cation of colonoscopy,even in patients with a history of uneventful *** case highlights the importance of considering congenital and internal hernias when faced with sudden and unexplained difficulties during *** there is a suspicion of MH,the endoscopist should halt the procedure and immediately obtain abdominal imaging to confirm the diagnosis.

关键词： Bowel perforation Colonoscopy Adverse event Congenital diaphragmatic

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Solute transport and geochemical modeling of the coastal quaternary aquifer, Delta Dahab Basin, South Sinai, Egypt

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Acta Geochimica 2024年第1期43卷 16-39页

作者： Amira Samy Mustafa Eissa Seham Shahen Moustafa M.said Rabab M.Abou-shahaba Division of Water Resources and Arid Land Department of HydrogeochemistryDesert Research CenterCairoEgypt Egypt Desalination Research Center of Excellence Desert Research CenterCairoEgypt Center for Water Supply Studies S&E-Physical&Environmental SciencesTexas A&M University Corpus ChristiCorpus ChristiUSA Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science(Girls)Al-Azhar UniversityYousef Abbas StrNasr CityP.O.Box:11754CairoEgypt

The wadi dahab delta is in a dry, arid coastal zone within Egypt’s south Sinai Peninsula’s eastern portion. The primary water source is the Quaternary coastal alluvial aquifer. The groundwater salinity varies from 890to 8213 mg/L, with a mean value of 3417 mg/L. The dissolved major ions have been used to calculate the seawater mixing index(SWMI) using a linear equation that discriminates the groundwater mostly affected by water–rock interaction(SWMI 1>) and other samples mixed with Seawater(SWMI < 1). The isotopic composition of groundwater for specifically chosen groundwater samples ranges from-0.645‰ to +5.212‰ for δ^(18)O and from-9.582‰ to + 22.778‰ for δ^(2)H, where the seawater represented by a Red Sea water sample(δ^(18)O + 1.64‰-δ^(2)H + 9.80‰) and reject brine water are considerably enriched the isotopic groundwater values. The geochemical NETPATH model constrained by the dissolved significant ions, isotopes, and the rock aquifer forming minerals as phases indicate the mixing percent with the seawater ranges from 9% to 97% of seawater from 91% to 3% of original recharge water. According to the SEAWAT 3-D flow models, seawater has penetrated the Northeastern Dahab delta aquifer, with the intrusion zone extending1500 m inland. The salt dissolution, upwelling of saline water, recharge from the upstream mountain block, and seawater encroachment are the primary aspects contributing to the deterioration of groundwater quality. These findings may have significance for effective groundwater withdrawal management in arid locations worldwide with similar hydrogeological systems.

关键词： Groundwater geochemistry Seawater intrusion Solute transport SEAWAT

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Geochemistry, mineral paragenesis and geothermal conditions of oreforming fluids from the Ain El Bey Cu–Fe deposit: potential occurrence of native gold and precious metal traces (North African orogenic belt, Northern Tunisia)

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Acta Geochimica 2024年第2期43卷 366-384页

作者： Rania Ben Aissa Wiem Ben Aissa said Tlig Lassaad Ben Aissa Abdessalem Ben Haj Amara Faculty of Science of Bizerte University of Carthage7021 ZarzounaBizerteTunisia Laboratoire de Recherche Ressources Materiaux et EcosystemesUniversity of Carthage7021 ZarzounaBizerteTunisia Department of Geology University Claude Bernard Lyon 169622 VilleurbanneFrance Faculty of Science of Tunis University of Tunis-El ManarRommana1068 TunisTunisia

The Ain El Bey abandoned mine, in North-West Tunisia, fits into the geodynamic context of the European and African plate boundary. Ore deposit corresponds to veins and breccia of multiphase Cu–Fe-rich mineralization related to various hydrothermal fluid circulations. Petromineralogical studies indicate a rich mineral paragenesis with a minimum of seven mineralization phases and, at least, six pyrite generations. As is also the case for galena and native silver, native gold is observed for the first time as inclusion in quartz which opens up, thus, new perspectives for prospecting and evaluating the potential for noble metals associated with the mineralization. Scanning Electron Microscope--Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy and Transmission electron microscopy analyses show, in addition, a large incorporation of trace elements, including Ag and Au, in mineral structures such as fahlores(tetrahedrite-tennantite) and chalcopyrite ones. The mineral/mineral associations, used as geothermometers, gave estimated temperatures for the mineralizing fluids varying from 254 to 330 ℃ for phase Ⅲ, from 254 to 350 ℃ for phase Ⅳ, and from 200 to 300 ℃ for phases Ⅴ and Ⅵ. The seventh and last identified mineralization phase, marked by a deposit of native gold, reflects a drop in the mineralizing fluid’s temperature(< 200 ℃) compatible with boiling conditions. Such results open up perspectives for the development of precious metal research and the revaluation of the Cu–Fe ore deposit at the Ain El Bey abandoned mine, as well as at the surrounding areas fitting in the geodynamic framework of the Africa-Europe plate boundary.

关键词： Ore-formingﬂuids Mineral geochemistry Mineral geothermometers Native silver-gold Ain El Bey Ore deposit North Tunisia

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