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A historical re-analysis of the calamitous midget typhoon passing through Hong Kong region on 18 September 1906 and its storm surge impact to Hong Kong region

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Tropical Cyclone Research and Review 2022年第3期11卷 174-218页

作者： Hing Yim Mok Chi Ming Shun Stephen Davies Wing Hong Lui Dick Shum Lau Kai Chun Cheung Kwan Yin Kong sai tick chan Hong Kong Observatory Hong KongChina Hong Kong Maritime Museum Hong KongChina US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration USA

A typhoon passed through Hong Kong region suddenly and unexpectedly on 18 September 1906(the“Typhoon 1906”)and had a disastrous impact on Victoria Harbour and its surroundings in just a couple of *** the year 1906 was the“Bingwu”year in the Chinese calendar,the typhoon is also known historically as the“Bingwu Typhoon”.Tremendous loss of lives and property resulted,and the shipping and fishing communities were *** mysteries arising from this calamitous typhoon have existed to date:1)Why the Hong Kong region Observatory was not able to provide any forewarning?2)whether the storm surge reported in some contemporary records is entirely credible?This paper will focus on both of *** this paper,we re-analyse historical weather observations recorded in various historical documents and estimate the possible storm size,intensity and track of Typhoon 1906 using tropical cyclone *** on the re-analyses,the storm surges,storm tides and wave heights in Hong Kong region are also estimated using storm surge and wave *** results reveal that Typhoon 1906 was a midget typhoon,with a radius of maximum winds of 11 km or smaller,during its passage through Hong Kong *** explains why it was technically impossible for a forewarning to be given at that time when real-time weather observations from ships,meteorological satellites and radars were *** also estimate that the maximum storm surges(storm tides)in Hong Kong region were not higher than 0.82 m(2.43 mCD)and 1.98 m(4.15 mCD)in Victoria Harbour and Tolo Harbour *** figures are found to be limited by the intensity and the storm size of the ***,we conclude that the previously documented storm surge figures are not supported by the present study.

关键词： Bingwu typhoon Midget typhoon Storm surge Historical re-analysis Hong Kong region

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WMO TYPHOON LANDFALL FORECAST DEMONSTRATION PROJECT(WMO-TLFDP) PROGRESS AND FUTURE PLANS

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Tropical Cyclone Research and Review 2016年第3期5卷 72-84页

作者： Xiaotu Lei Hui Yu Guomin Chen Barbara Brown sai tick chan Ajit Tyagi Shanghai Typhoon Institute National Center for Atmospheric Research Hongkong Observatory Indian Meteorological Society Shanghai Typhoon Institute National Center for Atmospheric Research Hongkong Observatory Indian Meteorological Society

The "WMO Typhoon Landfall Forecast Demonstration Project(TLFDP)" was started in May 2010 in conjunction with the start of the Shanghai World Expo 2010. The project was successful in terms of assisting the local forecasters in providing an efficient tropical cyclone(TC) forecast service for World Expo 2010, demonstrating the performance of the most up-to-date techniques in TC forecasting, and enhancing the ability of forecasters to effectively use products based on advanced TC forecasting techniques. The first phase was completed in December 2012 and the second phase was completed in December 2015. The third phase(TLFDP-III) started in *** its first(2010-2012) and second(2013-2015) phases, TLFDP collected real-time TC forecast products from 15 Typhoon Forecast Product Providers(TFPPs). The products include deterministic track and intensity forecasts, ensemble track and intensity forecasts, deterministic wind radii forecasts, wind probability forecasts, and gridded model outputs. The products were disseminated through the project's website and the operational website of the Shanghai Typhoon Warning *** has made significant progress in TC forecast verification, including setting up the tools for both realtime and post-season TC forecast verification, developing and integrating several new verification techniques, carrying out a survey on the operational status of TC forecast verification in the western North Pacific region, and contributing to the WMO document "Verification of tropical cyclone forecasts". The post-season forecast verification was reported to the Session of the UNESCAP/WMO Typhoon Committee since 2013. New consensus methods for TC track and intensity forecasts were also proposed either based on Ensemble Prediction Systems(EPSs) products or multiple deterministic NWP model products. Two training workshops on TC forecasting were organized by the TLFDP and held in Shanghai, China, in May 2010 and June 2012, respectively, and seven research

关键词： WMO Forecast Demonstration Project typhoon landfall evaluation and assessment

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OPERATIONAL TROPICAL CYCLONE FORECAST VERIFICATION PRACTICE IN THE WESTERN NORTH PACIFIC REGION

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Tropical Cyclone Research and Review 2012年第3期1卷 361-372页

作者： HUI YU sai tick chan BARBARA BROWN MASASHI KUNITSUGU EDWARD FUKADA SANGWOOK PARK WOOJEONG LEE YINGLONG XU PEOU PHALLA BOUNTEUMSYSOUPHANTHAVONG SAU WA chanG CHE GAYAH ISMAIL RENITO BPACIENTE PATRICIA EE CHAMNONG KAEOCHADA HOA VO VAN Laboratory of Typhoon Forecast Technique Shanghai Typhoon InstituteChina MeteorologicalAdministrationShanghaiChina Hong Kong Observatory Hong KongChina National Center for Atmospheric Research BoulderU.S.A. Japan Meteorological Agency TokyoJapan Joint Typhoon Warning Center HawaiiU.S.A. National Typhoon Centre Korea Meteorological AdministrationJejuR.O.K. National Meteorological Centre China Meteorological AdministrationBeijingChina Department of Meteorology Phnom PenhCambodia Department of Meteorology and Hydrology of Lao PDR VientianeLao P.D.R. Macao Meteorological and Geophysical Bureau MacaoChina Malaysian Meteorological Department SelangorMalaysia Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical and Astronomical ServicesQuezon CityPhilippines Meteorological Service Singapore Singapore Thai Meteorological Department BangkokThailand National Hydro-Meteorological Services of Vietnam HanoiVietnam

This paper summarizes results of a survey of the operational status of tropical cyclone(TC) forecast verifi-cation in the western North Pacific region, covering the Members of the ESCAP/WMO Typhoon Committee, RSMC Tokyo-Typhoon Center, and JTWC. Results of the survey indicate that significant efforts have been focused on the verification of TC forecast guidance by operational forecast agencies in the region, either individually or through international cooperation. A variety of TC forecast verification products are available to the forecasters in either real time or in post-season through multiple means, with the main focus on the deterministic track and intensity forecasts. Only a few verification products are available for probabilistic forecasts. Verification of TC precipitation and high wind forecasts are also lacking sufficient attention in the region. It would be helpful in the future to focus more attention toward these aspects and incorporate methods that will provide a greater depth of information regarding the TC forecast performance.

关键词： Tropical cyclone forecast verifi cation

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The presence of foci of Rickettsia conorii infection in China

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Infectious Medicine 2023年第4期2卷 334-337页

作者： Nannan Xu Hui Liu Chunmei Qu sai Wen Wenlu Zou Caiyun chang Gang Wang Department of Infectious Disease Qilu HospitalCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinan 250012China Institute of Bacterial Disease Jinan Center for Disease Control and PreventionJinan 250021China Institute for Infectious Disease Control Jinan Center for Disease Control and PreventionJinan 250021China

China is not considered as an endemic area of Rickettsia conorii,so there is no routine clinical way to diagnose this *** study aims to determine whether 2 febrile patients who had a tick bite in East China were indeed infected with *** citrate synthase gene(gltA)was amplified with universal rickettsial primers by real-time fluorescent PCR from the patients’blood *** PCR was used to amplify the outer membrane protein A gene(ompA)for positive *** products were further identified and analyzed through nucleic acid *** amplification of the gltA and ompA genes was found in both *** nucleotide sequences(303 bp)of the ompA gene of the 2 patients had high homology(99%)with the *** Indian tick typhus strain in GenBank.A more than 4-fold increase in IgG against *** provided supportive evidence of SFG Rickettsia *** the rapid recovery after doxycycline treatment also supported a rickettsial cause for the *** in East China should be aware of human infections with ***-based diagnostic methods offer a rapid and precise way to diagnose rickettsiosis,improving patient identification and management.

关键词： Rickettsia conorii Human infection China

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新疆部分地区优势种革蜱携带绵羊无浆体的检测及其进化关系

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中国兽医学报 2018年第9期38卷 1699-1703页

作者：闻秀秀王宁苏布赛刘世芳许正茂吾力江·卡马力巴音查汗新疆农业大学动物医学学院新疆乌鲁木齐830052 延边出入境检验检疫局吉林延边133003 和静镇畜牧兽医站新疆和静841300

为了研究新疆部分地区优势种革蜱携带绵羊无浆体的情况及其进化关系,将2015—2016年在新疆部分地区共13个县市的试验点采集的4种优势种革蜱做为试验材料,通过PCR方法检测其是否携带绵羊无浆体,将目的条带送去测序,测序结果在NCBI上进行B... 详细信息

为了研究新疆部分地区优势种革蜱携带绵羊无浆体的情况及其进化关系,将2015—2016年在新疆部分地区共13个县市的试验点采集的4种优势种革蜱做为试验材料,通过PCR方法检测其是否携带绵羊无浆体,将目的条带送去测序,测序结果在NCBI上进行BLAST比对,进行同源性分析。结果显示,该序列与绵羊无浆体（KU497712.1）同源性达98%,确定为绵羊无浆体;蜱源性检测绵羊无浆体的携带率为14.4%,仅检测出银盾革蜱和边缘革蜱携带绵羊无浆体,其携带率分别为33.6%,24.0%,可确定银盾革蜱及边缘革蜱为绵羊无浆体的媒介蜱。结果表明,明确绵羊无浆体的媒介蜱,控制其传播范围,从而降低该病在新疆地区暴发流行的可能性,为新疆绵羊无浆体病原及其传播媒介蜱的研究提供理论参考。

关键词：银盾革蜱优势种群绵羊无浆体遗传多样性

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2016—2019年内蒙古大兴安岭林区立克次体关联细菌群监测

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现代预防医学 2021年第15期48卷 2850-2856页

作者：崔云虹刘丹乌兰图雅殷旭红张紫彤吴丽静刘荣欣高婷卢塞霞曹民治高娃河套学院医学系内蒙古自治区蜱媒人畜共患传染病重点实验室巴彦淖尔段卫健委

目的了解内蒙古大兴安岭林区蜱中立克次体关联细菌群的流行情况和分子特征。方法 2016—2019年,在内蒙古东部林区采集游离蜱样本,利用形态学特征和18S rRNA分型法鉴定蜱种。提取蜱DNA,对斑点热立克次体(gltA和rOmpA)、无形体属(msp2/p44... 详细信息

目的了解内蒙古大兴安岭林区蜱中立克次体关联细菌群的流行情况和分子特征。方法 2016—2019年,在内蒙古东部林区采集游离蜱样本,利用形态学特征和18S rRNA分型法鉴定蜱种。提取蜱DNA,对斑点热立克次体(gltA和rOmpA)、无形体属(msp2/p44)和埃立克体属(omp1/p28)等特异性基因进行PCR扩增。扩增序列测序后进行同源性比对和系统进化分析。结果共采集成蜱3 251只,隶属于3属4种。PCR检测结果显示,斑点热立克次体阳性率为43.3%,扩增出的gltA序列与已注册Candidatus R. tarasevichiae(MN450397)和***(AY285776)的同源性为100%,检出率分别为40.1%和3.1%。无形体msp2阳性率为8.1%,埃立克体omp1阳性率为7.0%。2016—2019年连续监测的结果显示,Candidatus R. tarasevichiae一直保持较高的检出率,为31.0%～46.6%,***的检出率为2.6%～3.5%,无形体和埃立克体的阳性率分别为5.7%～10.6%、6.7%～7.9%。其中,全沟硬蜱Candidatus R. tarasevichiae的阳性率基本呈现上升的趋势,且感染率均高于其它蜱类。结论该地区全沟硬蜱为优势蜱种,Candidatus R. tarasevichiae和***为优势菌种,且在该地区蜱中的高感染率,表明人类接触该菌的风险很高,需加强监控。

关键词：内蒙古大兴安岭林区蜱立克次体埃立克体无形体 PCR检测

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