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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第2期10卷 797-806页

作者： Edeh Vincent Mehdi Korki Mehdi Seyedmahmoudian Alex Stojcevski saad mekhilef School of Science Computingand Engineering TechnologiesSwinburne University of TechnologyMelbourneAustralia

The massive integration of communication and information technology with the large-scale power grid has enhanced the efficiency, safety, and economical operation of cyber-physical systems. However, the open and diversified communication environment of the smart grid is exposed to cyber-attacks. Data integrity attacks that can bypass conventional security techniques have been considered critical threats to the operation of the grid. Current detection techniques cannot learn the dynamic and heterogeneous characteristics of the smart grid and are unable to deal with non-euclidean data types. To address the issue, we propose a novel Deep-Q-Network scheme empowered with a graph convolutional network (GCN) framework to detect data integrity attacks in cyber-physical systems. The simulation results show that the proposed framework is scalable and achieves higher detection accuracy, unlike other benchmark techniques.

关键词： Deep reinforcement learning graph convolutional network heterogeneous smart grid network

A Review on Primary and Secondary Controls of Inverter-interfaced Microgrid

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2021年第5期9卷 969-985页

作者： Kafeel Ahmed Mehdi Seyedmahmoudian saad mekhilef N.M.Mubarak Alex Stojcevski School of Software and Electrical Engineering Swinburne University of TechnologyVIC 3122VictoriaAustralia Power Electronics and Renewable Energy Research Laboratory Department of Electrical EngineeringUniversity of Malaya50603 Kuala LumpurMalaysia Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering and ScienceCurtin University of Technology98009 SarawakMalaysia

The demand of electricity and environmental issues associated with conventional power generation plants are increasing *** technology has transformed the conventional power system through the integration of distributed generation(DG).With the help of modern power electronic technology,the conventional power system is able to support the integration of DGs based on renewable energy sources(RESs).The systematic combination of DGs with energy storage system forms a microgrid(MG),which can operate in islanded mode or grid-connected *** intermittent nature of RES and varying load pose substantial obstacles such as voltage and frequency instability,and the unreliability of *** feeder impedances and non-linear loads are considered as present challenges in MG *** control has been useful in undertaking solutions to these *** paper covers the deep insight of different control methods applied at the primary and secondary control levels in hierarchical *** primary control,the classification based on droop and non-droop controls is *** virtual synchronization machine(VSM)based control method is *** and frequency restoration control and economical operations at decentralized and centralized secondary control are analyzed in *** on the existing literature,critical discussion on MG control and future trends are also presented to provide future research perspectives.

关键词： Distributed generation(DG) hierarchical control droop control non-droop control inverter

A New Voltage Control Strategy to Improve Performance of DSTATCOM in Electric Grid

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CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems 2020年第4期4卷 295-302页

作者： Chandan Kumar Mahesh KMishra saad mekhilef Electronics and Electrical Engineering Department Indian Institute of Technology GuwahatiIndia Electrical Engineering Department Indian Institute of Technology MadrasChennaiIndia Department of Electrical Engineering University of MalayaMalaysia

A new voltage control strategy of distribution static compensator(DSTATCOM)has been proposed in this paper for electric grid *** proposed control scheme combines two methods of DSTATCOM operation to improve its *** power factor and voltage magnitude as degree of freedom,the DSTATCOM provides features such as mitigation of voltage and current harmonics,balancing of source currents,improvement of power factor,voltage regulation during voltage sag and swell,reduction in inverter losses,and control of load power to achieve energy *** performance of proposed DSTATCOM control is better as compared to its conventional operation at any time of *** simulation and experimental results validate the performances.

关键词： Reactive power DSTATCOM multifunctional

Two novel approaches of adaptive finite-time sliding mode control for a class of single-input multiple-output uncertain nonlinear systems

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IET Cyber-Systems and Robotics 2021年第2期3卷 173-183页

作者： Pooyan Alinaghi Hosseinabadi Ali Soltani Sharif Abadi saad mekhilef Hemanshu Roy Pota Power Electronics and Renewable Energy Research Laboratory(PEARL) Department of Electrical EngineeringUniversity of MalayaFaculty of EngineeringKuala LumpurMalaysia Department of Electrical Engineering Yazd UniversityFaculty of EngineeringYazdIran School of Software and Electrical Engineering Swinburne University of TechnologyVictoriaAustralia School of Engineering and Information Technology The University of New South WalesCanberraAustralia

Some systems,in spite of having multiple outputs,have only one control input,which makes their control a *** novel controllers are proposed that utilise an adaptive finite-time sliding mode control(AFSMC)scheme for a class of single-input multiple-output(SIMO)nonlinear systems in the presence of unknown mismatched *** alleviate the inherent chattering phenomenon of sliding mode control,new forms of the two designed controllers are suggested by using new sliding *** only can the proposed AFSMC scheme stabilise the system in a finite time,but also it can provide estimated data of the uncertainty upper bound in the *** stability theory is used to obtain finite-time stability analysis of the closed-loop ***,simulation results are carried out in Simulink/MATLAB for a four-dimensional autonomous hyper-chaotic system with mismatched uncertainties as an example of SIMO uncertain nonlinear systems to reveal the effectiveness of the proposed controllers.

关键词： finite nonlinear stability

Review: Enhancing power transfer capability through flexible AC transmission system devices: a review

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2015年第8期16卷 658-678页

作者： Fadi M.ALBATSH saad mekhilef Shameem AHMAD H.MOKHLIS M.A.HASSAN Power Electronics and Renewable Energy Research Laboratory (PEARL) Department of Electrical EngineeringUniversity of Malaya Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Malaya Department of Engineering Design and Manufacture University of Malaya

Global demand for power has significantly increased, but power generation and transmission capacities have not increased proportionally with this demand. As a result, power consumers suffer from various problems, such as voltage and frequency instability and power quality issues. To overcome these problems, the capacity for available power transfer of a transmission network should be enhanced. Researchers worldwide have addressed this issue by using flexible AC transmission system （FACTS） devices. We have conducted a comprehensive review of how FACTS controllers are used to enhance the avail- able transfer capability （ATC） and power transfer capability （PTC） of power system networks. This review includes a discussion of the classification of different FACTS devices according to different factors. The popularity and applications of these devices are discussed together with relevant statistics. The operating principles of six major FACTS devices and their application in increasing ATC and PTC are also presented. Finally, we evaluate the performance of FACTS devices in ATC and PTC improvement with respect to different control algorithms.

关键词： FACTS devices Available transfer capability Power transfer capability Artificial intelligence

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基于DSP的开关磁阻电动机控制系统研究

基于DSP的开关磁阻电动机控制系统研究

Classified VPN Network Traffic Flow Using Time Related to Artificial Neural Network

2006年全国电子机械和微波结构工艺学术会议

作者：刘婧 Mohamad Rom Tamjis 宫玉良 saad mekhilef Dept.of Engineering University of Malaya 50603 Kula Lumpur Malaysia 山东理工大学计算机教学部

本文首先对开关磁阻电动机(SRM)的主要特点及控制驱动系统的组成、运行原理和特点进行了介绍与分析,根据这种 SRM 非线性动态模型,设计了基于 DSP 的控制系统框架,并对控制部分进行进一步的分析与设计。

关键词：开关磁阻电动机控制 DSP

来源： cnki会议评论

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第7期80卷 819-841页

作者： saad Abdalla Agaili Mohamed Sefer Kurnaz Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Altinbas UniversityIstanbul34000Turkey

VPNs are vital for safeguarding communication routes in the continually changing cybersecurity ***,increasing network attack complexity and variety require increasingly advanced algorithms to recognize and categorizeVPNnetwork *** present a novelVPNnetwork traffic flowclassificationmethod utilizing Artificial Neural Networks(ANN).This paper aims to provide a reliable system that can identify a virtual private network(VPN)traffic fromintrusion attempts,data exfiltration,and denial-of-service *** compile a broad dataset of labeled VPN traffic flows from various apps and usage ***,we create an ANN architecture that can handle encrypted communication and distinguish benign from dangerous *** effectively process and categorize encrypted packets,the neural network model has input,hidden,and output *** use advanced feature extraction approaches to improve the ANN’s classification accuracy by leveraging network traffic’s statistical and behavioral *** also use cutting-edge optimizationmethods to optimize network characteristics and *** suggested ANN-based categorization method is extensively tested and *** show the model effectively classifies VPN traffic *** also show that our ANN-based technique outperforms other approaches in precision,recall,and F1-score with 98.79%*** study improves VPN security and protects against new *** VPNtraffic flows effectively helps enterprises protect sensitive data,maintain network integrity,and respond quickly to security *** study advances network security and lays the groundwork for ANN-based cybersecurity solutions.

关键词： VPN network traffic flow ANN classification intrusion detection data exfiltration encrypted traffic feature extraction network security

RoGRUT: A Hybrid Deep Learning Model for Detecting Power Trapping in Smart Grids

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第5期79卷 3175-3192页

作者： Farah Mohammad saad Al-Ahmadi Jalal Al-Muhtadi Center of Excellence in Information Assurance(CoEIA) King Saud UniversityRiyadh11543Saudi Arabia College of Computer&Information Sciences King Saud UniversityRiyadh11543Saudi Arabia

Electricity theft is a widespread non-technical issue that has a negative impact on both power grids and electricity *** hinders the economic growth of utility companies,poses electrical risks,and impacts the high energy costs borne by *** development of smart grids is crucial for the identification of power theft since these systems create enormous amounts of data,including information on client consumption,which may be used to identify electricity theft using machine learning and deep learning ***,there also exist different solutions such as hardware-based solutions to detect electricity theft that may require human resources and expensive ***-based solutions are presented in the literature to identify electricity theft but due to the dimensionality curse,class imbalance issue and improper hyper-parameter tuning of such models lead to poor *** this research,a hybrid deep learning model abbreviated as RoGRUT is proposed to detect electricity theft as amalicious and non-malicious *** key steps of the RoGRUT are data preprocessing that covers the problem of class imbalance,feature extraction and final theft *** advanced-level models like RoBERTa is used to address the curse of dimensionality issue,the near miss for class imbalance,and transfer learning for *** effectiveness of the RoGRUTis evaluated using the dataset fromactual smartmeters.A significant number of simulations demonstrate that,when compared to its competitors,the RoGRUT achieves the best classification *** performance evaluation of the proposed model revealed exemplary results across *** accuracy achieved was 88%,with precision at an impressive 86%and recall reaching 84%.The F1-Score,a measure of overall performance,stood at 85%.Furthermore,themodel exhibited a noteworthyMatthew correlation coefficient of 78%and excelled with an area under the curve of 91%.

关键词： Electricity theft smart grid RoBERTa GRU transfer learning

Effect of Co on Solidification Characteristics and Microstructural Transformation of Non-equilibrium Solidified Cu-Ni Alloys

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2024年第2期39卷 444-453页

作者：安红恩 Bih-Lii Chua Ismail saad Willey Yun Hsien Liew Materials Engineering Research Group Faculty of EngineeringUniversity Malaysia Sabah88400 Kota KinabaluSabahMalaysia College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering Huanghe Jiaotong UniversityJiaozuo 454950China Henan Engineering Technology Research Center on Intelligent Manufacturing Technology and Equipment Jiaozuo 454950China Centre of Research in Energy and Advanced Materials Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Malaysia SabahJalan UMS88400 Kota KinabaluSabahMalaysia Nano Engineering and Materials Research group Faculty of EngineeringUniversity Malaysia Sabah88400 Kota KinabaluSabahMalaysia

Non-equilibrium solidification structures of Cu55Ni45 and Cu55Ni43Co2 alloys were prepared by the molten glass purification cycle superheating *** variation of the recalescence phenomenon with the degree of undercooling in the rapid solidification process was investigated using an infrared *** addition of the Co element affected the evolution of the recalescence phenomenon in Cu-Ni *** images of the solid-liquid interface migration during the rapid solidification of supercooled melts were captured by using a high-speed *** solidification rate of Cu-Ni alloys,with the addition of Co elements,was ***,the grain refinement structure with low supercooling was characterised using electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD).The effect of Co on the microstructural evolution during nonequilibrium solidification of Cu-Ni alloys under conditions of small supercooling is investigated by comparing the microstructures of Cu55Ni45 and Cu55Ni43Co2 *** experimental results show that the addition of a small amount of Co weakens the recalescence behaviour of the Cu55Ni45 alloy and significantly reduces the thermal strain in the rapid solidification *** the rapid solidification phase,the thermal strain is greatly reduced,and there is a significant increase in the characteristic undercooling ***,the addition of Co and the reduction of Cu not only result in a lower solidification rate of the alloy,but also contribute to the homogenisation of the grain size.

关键词： non-equilibrium solidification recalescence effect solidification character microstructure

Enhancing Renewable Energy Integration:A Gaussian-Bare-Bones Levy Cheetah Optimization Approach to Optimal Power Flow in Electrical Networks

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第8期140卷 1339-1370页

作者： Ali S.Alghamdi Mohamed A.Zohdy saad Aldoihi Department of Electrical Engineering College of EngineeringMajmaah UniversityAl-Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Oakland UniversityRochesterMI48309USA Institute of Earth and Space Science King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology(KACST)Riyadh11442Saudi Arabia Computer Science and Systems Engineering Institute Polytechnique de ParisPalaiseau CedexFrance

In the contemporary era,the global expansion of electrical grids is propelled by various renewable energy sources(RESs).Efficient integration of stochastic RESs and optimal power flow(OPF)management are critical for network *** study introduces an innovative solution,the Gaussian Bare-Bones Levy Cheetah Optimizer(GBBLCO),addressing OPF challenges in power generation systems with stochastic *** primary objective is to minimize the total operating costs of RESs,considering four functions:overall operating costs,voltage deviation management,emissions reduction,voltage stability index(VSI)and power loss ***,a carbon tax is included in the objective function to reduce carbon *** scrutiny,using modified IEEE 30-bus and IEEE 118-bus systems,validates GBBLCO’s superior performance in achieving optimal *** results demonstrate GBBLCO’s efficacy in six optimization scenarios:total cost with valve point effects,total cost with emission and carbon tax,total cost with prohibited operating zones,active power loss optimization,voltage deviation optimization and enhancing voltage stability index(VSI).GBBLCO outperforms conventional techniques in each scenario,showcasing rapid convergence and superior solution ***,GBBLCO navigates complexities introduced by valve point effects,adapts to environmental constraints,optimizes costs while considering prohibited operating zones,minimizes active power losses,and optimizes voltage deviation by enhancing the voltage stability index(VSI)*** research significantly contributes to advancing OPF,emphasizing GBBLCO’s improved global search capabilities and ability to address challenges related to local *** emerges as a versatile and robust optimization tool for diverse challenges in power systems,offering a promising solution for the evolving needs of renewable energy-integrated power grids.

关键词： Renewable energy integration optimal power flow stochastic renewable energy sources gaussian-bare-bones levy cheetah optimizer electrical network optimization carbon tax optimization