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A neural m^(6)A pathway regulates behavioral aggregation in migratory locusts

Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 1242-1254页

作者： Xianliang Huang Qing Li Yanan Xu Ang Li Shanzheng Wang Yusheng chen Chunrui Zhang Xia Zhang Hailin Wang Cong Lv Baofa Sun Shaoqin Li le Kang Bing chen School of Life Science Institutes of Life Science and Green DevelopmentHebei UniversityBaoding 071002China College of Plant Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Institute of Health Sciences Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China Beijing Institute of Genomics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China

RNA N6-methyladenosine(m^(6)A),as the most abundant modification of messenger RNA,can modulate insect behaviors,but its specific roles in aggregation behaviors remain ***,we conducted a comprehensive molecular and physiological characterization of the individual components of the methyltransferase and demethylase in the migratory locust Locusta *** results demonstrated that METTL3,METTL14 and ALKBH5 were dominantly expressed in the brain and exhibited remarkable responses to crowding or *** individual knockdown of methyltransferases(i.e.,METTL3 and METTL14)promoted locust movement and conspecific attraction,whereas ALKBH5 knockdown induced a behavioral shift toward the solitary ***,global transcriptome profiles revealed that m^(6)A modification could regulate the orchestration of gene expression to fine tune the behavioral aggregation of *** summary,our in vivo characterization of the m^(6)A functions in migratory locusts clearly demonstrated the crucial roles of the m^(6)A pathway in effectively modulating aggregation behaviors.

关键词： RNA methylation N^(6)-methyladenosine transcriptional orchestration aggregation behavior Locusta migratoria

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Understanding and improving fairness in cognitive diagnosis

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 99-114页

作者： Zheng ZHANG le WU Qi LIU Jiayu LIU Zhenya HUANG Yu YIN Yan ZHUANG Weibo GAO Enhong chen Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Big Data Analysis and Application School of Computer Science and Technology& School of Data Science University of Science and Technology of China State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Intelligence School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei University of Technology

Intelligent education is a significant application of artificial intelligence. One of the key research topics in intelligence education is cognitive diagnosis, which aims to gauge the level of proficiency among students on specific knowledge concepts(e.g., Geometry). To the best of our knowledge, most of the existing cognitive models primarily focus on improving diagnostic accuracy while rarely considering fairness issues; for instance, the diagnosis of students may be affected by various sensitive attributes(e.g., region). In this paper,we aim to explore fairness in cognitive diagnosis and answer two questions:(1) Are the results of existing cognitive diagnosis models affected by sensitive attributes?(2) If yes, how can we mitigate the impact of sensitive attributes to ensure fair diagnosis results? To this end, we first empirically reveal that several wellknown cognitive diagnosis methods usually lead to unfair performances, and the trend of unfairness varies among different cognitive diagnosis models. Then, we make a theoretical analysis to explain the reasons behind this phenomenon. To resolve the unfairness problem in existing cognitive diagnosis models, we propose a general fairness-aware cognitive diagnosis framework, FairCD. Our fundamental principle involves eliminating the effect of sensitive attributes on student proficiency. To achieve this, we divide student proficiency in existing cognitive diagnosis models into two components: bias proficiency and fair *** design two orthogonal tasks for each of them to ensure that fairness in proficiency remains independent of sensitive attributes and take it as the final diagnosed result. Extensive experiments on the Program for International Student Assessment(PIsa. dataset clearly show the effectiveness of our framework.

关键词： fairness intelligent education cognitive diagnosis psychometrics adversa.ial learning

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Effect of Reclamation on the Groundwater-Lake Water Interaction in chen Lake

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第3期35卷 1083-1086页

作者： Kun lei Teng Ma Liuzhu chen Zhenxing Li Yu chen School of Environmental Studies State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental GeologyChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430078China

0 INTRODUCTION To relieve the short supply of suitable land for residing,cultivating,and commerce,it is accepted to reclaim land from lakes,river estuaries,and coastal regions in many countries(Mancini et al.,2020).The large-scale reclamation activities have an irreversible effect on the mico-geomorphology and hydrodynamic system of seasonally flooded areas(Zhang et al.,2019;Yu et al.,2018).For example,coastal regions reclaimed extended the groundwater flow paths,as well as created groundwater level rise,resulting in water-logging in the reclaimed area(Hu et al.,2008).Similar changes in groundwater flow systems may alter groundwater-lake water interactions,and it can ultimately affect the water cycle in the lake ***,such detailed studies are presently *** addition,natural exchanges between the lake and groundwater systems can be strongly affected by physical hydrological processes(Javadzadeh et al.,2020),chemical properties(Kamtchueng et al.,2015),and bioto behavior(Hancock et al.,2005).

关键词： groundwater coastal logging

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Harnessing cytokine-induced killer cells to accelerate diabetic wound healing:an approach to regulating post-traumatic inflammation

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2024年第2期3卷 88-99页

作者： Yixi Yang cheng Zhang Yuan Jiang Yijun He iawei Cai Lin Liang Zhaohuan chen Sicheng Pan Chu Hua Keke Wu le Wang Zhiyong Zhang Translational Research Centre of Regenerative Medicine and 3D Printing of Guangzhou Medical University Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center for Biomedical EngineeringState Key Laboratory of Respiratory DiseaseDepartment of Orthopaedic SurgeryMedical Technology and Related Equipment Research for Spinal Injury TreatmentCity Key LaboratoryThe Third Affliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversitySchool of Biomedical EngineeringGuangzhou MedicalUniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510150P.R.China Department of Osteoarthropathy and Sports Medicine Panyu Central HospitalGuangzhou 511400P.R.China

Impaired immunohomeostasis in diabetic wounds prolongs infiammation and cytokine dysfunction,thus,delaying or pre-venting wound-surface *** clinical studies have been conducted on cytokine-induced killer(CIK)cells recently,as they can be easily proliferated using a straightforward,inex-pensive ***,the function of CIK cells in regulat-ing inflammatory environments has been drawing attention for clinical *** the current investigation,we discovered the regenerative capacity of these cells in the chal-lenging environment of wounds that heal poorly due to *** demonstrated that the intravenous injection of CIK cells can re-establish a proregenerative inflammatory *** *** accelerateskin healing in diabetic *** results indicated that CIK cell treatment affects macrophage polarization and restores the function regenerative cells under hyperglycemic *** novel cellular therapy offers a promising intervention for clinical applic tions through specific inflammatory regulation functions.

关键词： macrophage diabetic wound post-traumatic inflammation cytokine-induced killer cells vascularization

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Diffraction deep neural network-based classification for vector vortex beams

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第3期33卷 387-392页

作者：彭怡翔陈兵王乐赵生妹 Institute of Signal Processing and Transmission Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NJUPT)Nanjing 210003China Key Laboratory of Broadband Wireless Communication and Sensor Network Technology Ministry of EducationNanjing 210003China National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China

The vector vortex beam(VVB)has attracted significant attention due to its intrinsic diversity of information and has found great applications in both classical and quantum ***,a VVB is unavoidably affected by atmospheric turbulence(AT)when it propagates through the free-space optical communication environment,which results in detection errors at the *** this paper,we propose a VVB classification scheme to detect VVBs with continuously changing polarization states under AT,where a diffractive deep neural network(DDNN)is designed and trained to classify the intensity distribution of the input distorted VVBs,and the horizontal direction of polarization of the input distorted beam is adopted as the feature for the classification through the *** numerical simulations and experimental results demonstrate that the proposed scheme has high accuracy in classification *** energy distribution percentage remains above 95%from weak to medium AT,and the classification accuracy can remain above 95%for various strengths of *** has a faster convergence and better accuracy than that based on a convolutional neural network.

关键词： vector vortex beam diffractive deep neural network classification atmospheric turbulence

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基于空芯反谐振光纤的三芯结构宽带耦合器设计

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光学学报 2024年第7期44卷 188-195页

作者：陈乐陈明阳江苏大学机械工程学院江苏镇江212000

提出一种基于三芯结构空芯反谐振光纤的太赫兹耦合器。采用有限元分析法对太赫兹光纤的模式特性进行分析,并基于耦合理论得到其耦合特性曲线。仿真结果表明,三芯结构模式具有比单芯结构更低的传输损耗,其耦合长度可通过改变纤芯间隔和... 详细信息

提出一种基于三芯结构空芯反谐振光纤的太赫兹耦合器。采用有限元分析法对太赫兹光纤的模式特性进行分析,并基于耦合理论得到其耦合特性曲线。仿真结果表明,三芯结构模式具有比单芯结构更低的传输损耗,其耦合长度可通过改变纤芯间隔和隔离包层管的间隙进行调节。采用长度为223.2 mm的三芯结构空芯光纤可以实现插入损耗小于3.5 dB、带宽达到0.52 THz的宽带、均匀分束。

关键词：光学器件空芯太赫兹光纤反谐振模式耦合损耗特性带宽分析

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Mitochondrial Regulation of Macrophages in Innate Immunity and Diverse Roles of Macrophages During Cochlear Inflammation

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第2期40卷 255-267页

作者： Yuan Zhang Fanglei Ye Xiaolong Fu Shen Li le Wang Yutian chen Hongmin Li Shaojuan Hao Kun Zhao Qi Feng Peipei Li Department of Otology The First Afliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052China Shandong Provincial Hospital Shandong First Medical UniversityJinan 250000China Department of Neurology The First Afliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052China The Department of Endovascular Surgery The First Afliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052China Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Nephrology The First Afliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052China Henan Province Research Center of Kidney Disease Zhengzhou 450052China

Macrophages are essential components of the innate immune system and constitute a non-specific first line of host defense against pathogens and *** regulate macrophage activation and innate immune responses in various inflammatory diseases,including cochlear *** distribution,number,and morphological characteristics of cochlear macrophages change significantly across different inner ear regions under various pathological conditions,including noise exposure,ototoxicity,and age-related ***,the exact mechanism underlying the role of mitochondria in macrophages in auditory function remains ***,we summarize the major factors and mitochondrial signaling pathways(e.g.,metabolism,mitochondrial reactive oxygen species,mitochondrial DNA,and the inflammasome)that influence macrophage activation in the innate immune *** particular,we focus on the properties of cochlear macrophages,activated signaling pathways,and the secretion of inflammatory cytokines after acoustic *** hope this review will provide new perspectives and a basis for future research on cochlear inflammation.

关键词： Macrophage Mitochondria Innate immunity Cochlea Infammation

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Knocking down AR promotes osteoblasts to recruit prostate cancer cells by altering exosomal circ-DHPS/miR-214-3p/CCL5 pathway

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第2期26卷 195-204页

作者： Zhao Yang Jia-Qi chen Tian-Jie Liu Yu-le chen Zhen-Kun Ma Yi-Zeng Fan Zi-Xi Wang Shan Xu Ke Wang Xin-Yang Wang lei Li Hong-Jun Xie Department of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710061China

Tumor-derived exosomes have been shown to play a key role in organ-specific metastasis,and the androgen receptor regulates prostate cancer(PCa)*** is unclear whether the androgen receptor regulates the recruitment of prostate cancer cells to the bone microenvironment,even bone metastases,through ***,we found that exosomes isolated from PCa cells after knocking down androgen receptor(AR)or enzalutamide treatment can facilitate the migration of prostate cancer cells to *** addition,AR silencing or treatment with the AR antagonist enzalutamide may increase the expression of circular RNA-deoxyhypusine synthase(circ-DHPS)in PCa cells,which can be transported to osteoblasts by ***-DHPS acts as a competitive endogenous RNA(ceRNA)against endogenous miR-214-3p to promote C-C chemokine ligand 5(CCL5)levels in *** the level of CCL5 in osteoblasts could recruit more PCa cells into the bone ***,blocking the circ-DHPS/miR-214-3p/CCL5 signal may decrease exosome-mediated migration of prostate cancer cells to osteoblasts.

关键词： androgen receptor circRNA exosome prostate cancer

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Energy band modulation of N-doped rutile/anatase TiO_(2) photoanode promoting charge separation toward prominent photoelectrochemical performance

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Rare Metals 2024年第8期43卷 3784-3797页

作者： Juan Gao Shi-Xuan Wang Jia-le Deng Ping-Ping Wei Fu-Zhang chen Ling-cheng Zheng Yue-Qin Wang Yang Li Yin Liu Gang He School of Mechanics and Photoelectric Physics Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainan 232001China School of Materials Science and Engineering Anhui UniversityHefei230039China Tianneng Battery(Wuhu)Co. Ltd.Wuhu 241000China School of Materials Science and Engineering Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainan 232001China

To solve the problem of high photogenerated carrier recombination rate and low photoelectric conversion efficiency of TiO_(2)-based materials,a simple N-doped anatase/rutile TiO_(2) heterophase nanorod film was designed by a low-temperature hydrothermal method in this *** enhanced separation and transport of photogenerated charges were facilitated by the smaller contact barrier and appropriate band matching between anatase TiO_(2)nanoparticles and rutile TiO_(2) *** introduction of N doping in anatase TiO_(2) resulted in an upward shift of the valence band and a narrowing of the band gap,consequently enhancing the efficiency of visible light *** combination of the heterophase junction and N-doping exhibited a synergistic effect,effectively suppressing the recombination of photogenerated charges and enhancing the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the *** AM 1.5G irradiation,the photocurrent density(J)of the A-TO(N)@R-TONR photoanode reached2.19 mA·cm^(-2)(V_(RHE,1.23 eV)).Additionally,the incident photon-electron conversion efficiency(IPCE)and the charge injection efficiency(η)reached 81.4%and 51.6%at320 ***,the J,IPCE,andηvalues of the A-TO(N)@R-TONR photoanode were 2.96,2.1 and 3.2times those of pure R-TONR photoanode,*** work presents a rational strategy for designing efficient TiO_(2)-based photoanodes.

关键词： TiO_(2) Heterophase junction Photoanode

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High recorded color rendering performance of single-structured Ce,Mn:Y_(3)(Al,Sc)_(2)Al_(3)O_(12)phosphor ceramics for high-power white leDs/LDs

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第6期13卷 810-820页

作者： Xuanchu Liu Congcong Yang Yanbin Li Chang Min Jian Kang Tianyuan Zhou Chunming Zhou Chaofan Shi Cen Shao Bingheng Sun Wieslaw Strek Hao chen le Zhang Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Laser Materials and Devices School of Physics and Electronics EngineeringJiangsu Normal UniversityXuzhou 221116China Jiangsu Xiyi Advanced Materials Research Institute of Industrial Technology Xuzhou 221400China Xuzhou EAGleD Technology Co. Ltd.Xuzhou 221116China Xuzhou Kangna Advanced Materials Technology Co. Ltd.Xuzhou 221116China Shanghai Institute of Optics Fine Mechanics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research Polish Academy of SciencesWroclaw 50-422Poland State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials Shandong UniversityJinan 250100China

Achieving a high color rendering index(CRI)and luminous stability in single-structured Ce:Y_(3)Al_(5)O_(12)(Ce:YAG)phosphor ceramics(PCs)is crucial for high-power white light-emitting diodes or laser diodes(leDs/LDs).However,cyan valleys and insufficient amounts of the red component in the Ce:YAG emission spectra significantly limit their real *** this work,a series of Ce,Mn:Y_(3)(Al,Sc)_(2)Al_(3)O_(12)(Ce,Mn:Ysa.)PCs were fabricated by vacuum sintering,and efficient spectral regulation was realized for full-color *** cyan valley was filled by the blueshifted emission peak of Ce^(3+)via Sc^(3+)*** orange‒red emission at approximately 580 nm was effectively supplemented via Mn^(2+)*** particular,CRI of Ce,Mn:Ysa. increased from 56.4 to 85.8,a 52%increase compared with that of Ce:YAG under high-power leD excitation,and the operating temperature was stable at approximately 50℃for long working ***,CRI of 80.9 could still be obtained for PC-based white *** results indicated that Ce,Mn:Ysa. PC,which has excellent CRI and luminous stability,is an extremely promising color convertor for high-power white leDs/LDs.

关键词： color rendering index(CRI) color converter Ce:Y_(3)Al_(5)O_(12)(Ce:YAG)phosphor ceramics(PCs) high-power white light-emitting diodes or laser diodes(leDs/LDs) luminous stability

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