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Multi-Agent Deep Q-Networks for Efficient Edge Federated Learning Communications in Software-Defined IoT

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第5期71卷 3319-3335页

作者： Prohim Tam sa Math Ahyoung Lee Seokhoon Kim Department of Software Convergence Soonchunhyang UniversityAsan31538Korea Department of Computer Science Kennesaw State UniversityMariettaGA 30060USA Department of Computer Software Engineering Soonchunhyang UniversityAsan31538Korea

Federated learning(FL)activates distributed on-device computation techniques to model a better algorithm performance with the interaction of local model updates and global model distributions in aggregation averaging ***,in large-scale heterogeneous Internet of Things(IoT)cellular networks,massive multi-dimensional model update iterations and resource-constrained computation are challenging aspects to be tackled *** paper introduces the system model of converging softwaredefined networking(SDN)and network functions virtualization(NFV)to enable device/resource abstractions and provide NFV-enabled edge FL(eFL)aggregation servers for advancing automation and ***-agent deep Q-networks(MADQNs)target to enforce a self-learning softwarization,optimize resource allocation policies,and advocate computation offloading *** gathered network conditions and resource states,the proposed agent aims to explore various actions for estimating expected longterm rewards in a particular state *** exploration phase,optimal actions for joint resource allocation and offloading decisions in different possible states are obtained by maximum Q-value ***-based virtual network functions(VNF)forwarding graph(VNFFG)is orchestrated to map VNFs towards eFL aggregation server with sufficient communication and computation resources in NFV infrastructure(NFVI).The proposed scheme indicates deficient allocation actions,modifies the VNF backup instances,and reallocates the virtual resource for exploitation *** neural network(DNN)is used as a value function approximator,and epsilongreedy algorithm balances exploration and *** scheme primarily considers the criticalities of FL model services and congestion states to optimize long-term *** results presented the outperformance of the proposed scheme over reference schemes in terms of Quality of Service(QoS)performance metrics,including packet

关键词： Deep Q-networks federated learning network functions virtualization quality of service software-defined networking

A Lightweight Blockchain for IoT in Smart City (IoT-SmartChain)

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第11期69卷 2687-2703页

作者： Zakariae Dlimi Abdellah Ezzati saïd Ben Alla Hassan First University of Settat FacultéSciences et TechniqueLAVETESettat26000Morocco

The smart city is a technological framework that connects the city’s different components to create new *** connection is possible with the help of the Internet of Things(IoT),which provides a digital personality to physical *** studies have proposed integrating Blockchain technology with IoT in different use cases as access,orchestration,or replicated storage *** majority of connected objects’capacity limitation makes the use of Blockchain inadequate due to its redundancy and its conventional processing-intensive consensus like *** paper addresses these challenges by proposing a NOVEL model of a lightweight Blockchain framework(IoT-SmartChain),with a lightweight consensus and a lightweight *** framework architecture presents a role hierarchy of connected objects according to their computational and storage *** organization allows all things to be linked even indirectly via different interfaces and to benefit from the power of high-capacity objects such as Fog and Edge computing *** is validated and added to the blockchain ledger by running a lightweight consensus called Proof of Random Participation(PoRP),which reduces the blockchain nodes’high computing power *** TOPIC subscription-based data storage strategy called Assisted Selected Relevant Data in Local Ledger(ASRDLL)reduces the data size of a node’s local ledger and the entire network’s data *** strategy is assisted by a centralized algorithm that optimizes the overall network size by adjusting the choice of *** storage capacity,computational power,and energy consumption have been evaluated by a proof of concept implementation under NodeJS.

关键词： Smart city Internet of Things blockchain lightweight consensus lightweight ledger Iot-SmartChain

Hyphenated LC-ABTS$t and LC-DAD-HRMS for simultaneous analysis and identification of antioxidant compounds in Astragalus emarginatus ***

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2022年第2期12卷 253-262页

作者： Abir Chamandy Minjie Zhao Hassan Rammal saïd Ennahar Analytical Chemistry of Bioactive Molecules and Pharmacognosy Team(CAMBAP) Hubert Curien Multidisciplinary Institute(IPHC)National Center for Scientific Research(CNRS)Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of StrasbourgIllkirch67400France Research Platform of Analysis and Environmental Science(PRASE) Lebanese UniversityHadath005Lebanon Faculty of Agronomy Lebanese UniversityDekwaneh005Lebanon

The compounds in leaf and stem extracts of Astragalus emarginatus Labill.(AEL),a plant species used in traditional Lebanese medicine,were investigated for antioxidant ***,the activity of various extracts was assessed using the Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity,oxygen radical absorption capacity,and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate *** extract obtained using 30%ethanol showed the greatest *** antioxidant compounds in this extract were screened using a hyphenated high-performance liquid chromatography-2,2-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate)radical(ABTS$t)system before being separated by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography and identified using high-resolution mass spectrometry and ultra-violet-visible diode array *** 40 compounds were ***(caffeic,ferulic,and p-coumaric acid derivatives)and flavonoids(quercetin,luteolin,apigenin,and isorhamnetin derivatives)were the two main categories of the identified *** active compounds were identified as caffeic acid derivatives and quercetin *** addition,the catechol moiety was shown to be key to antioxidant *** study showed that AEL is a source of natural antioxidants,which may explain its medicinal use.

关键词： Antioxidant Astragalus emarginatus Catechol Flavonoids Hydroxycinnamates Caffeic acid Quercetin

NuMDG:A New Tool for Multiway Decision Graphs Construction

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2011年第1期26卷 139-152页

作者： sa'ed Abed Yassine Mokhtari Otmane Ait-Mohamed Sofiene Tahar Department of Computer Engineering Hashemite UniversityZarqaJordan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Concordia UniversityMontrealCanada

Multiway Decision Graphs （MDGs） are a canonical representation of a subset of many-sorted first-order logic. This subset generalizes the logic of equality with abstract types and uninterpreted function symbols. The distinction between abstract and concrete sorts mirrors the hardware distinction between data path and control. Here we consider ways to improve MDGs construction. Efficiency is achieved through the use of the Generalized-If-Then-Else （GITE） commonly operator in Binary Decision Diagram packages. Consequently, we review the main algorithms used for MDGs verification techniques. In particular, Relational Product and Pruning by Subsumption are algorithms defined uniformly through this single CITE operator which will lead to a more efficient implementation. Moreover, we provide their correctness proof. This work can be viewed as a way to accommodate the ROBBD algorithms to the realm of abstract sorts and uninterpreted functions. The new tool, called NuMDG, accepts an extended SMV language, supporting abstract data sorts. Finally, we present experimental results demonstrating the efficiency of the NuMDG tool and evaluating its performance using a set of benchmarks from the SMV package.

关键词： infinite state model checking multiway decision graphs uninterpreted functions

Crustal deformation and tectonic levels of Nujiang Gorge since the Miocene

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Science China Earth Sciences 2018年第1期61卷 93-108页

作者： LIU ZhiCheng JI JianQing sa Xiao CHEN YaPeng ZHONG DaLai China Earthquake Disaster Prevention Center Beijing 100029 China School of Earth and Space Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 China Power China beijing Engineering Corporation Limited Beijing 100024 China Institution of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China

Crustal deformation shows different patterns at different depths due to changes in the physical properties of *** levels can be defined based on the geometry and deformation mechanisms of crustal deformation patterns. Nujiang Gorge, with a high riverbed drop, great erosion depth, and strong deformation, has rock exposures at different tectonic levels and thus provides an ideal lab for deformation study. This paper takes the Nujiang Gorge from Chawalong to Fugong as the object to identify structural deformation patterns at different depths through field study and deformation analysis. At depth, the primary form of deformation is flow deformation, as shown on the outcrops at Maji. Ductile shear deformation can be found in many outcrops within the study region, e.g., the Gaoligong dextral shear zone and Puladi-Songta sinistral shear zone that lie to the south and north of Maji, respectively. Further to the north of Puladi, the dominated deformation pattern is similar fold and dense sub-vertical foliation. In addition, brittle faults, as evidence of shallow deformation, can be seen overprinting on the deeper deformation features all over the region. Based on those observations, this paper identifies four tectonic levels from depth to the surface: flow deformation, ductile shear deformation, similar fold, and brittle fault deformation, all of which result from the NEE-SWW compressive stress field. Further evidence from studies on the region′s thermal evolution and regional tectonics suggests that the development of different tectonic levels is closely linked to the discrepant uplift or denudation since the Miocene(~21 Ma).

关键词： Tectonic level Nujiang Gorge Flow deformation Ductile shear deformation Thermal evolution

Fabrication of holographic 3-D polymeric photonic crystals in near-Infrared band and study of Its optical property

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Optoelectronics Letters 2008年第2期4卷 133-136页

作者： ZHANG sa-sa WANG Qing-pu ZHANG Xing-yu CHEN Jia-qi WANG Li School of Information Science ＆ Engineering Shandong University Jinan 250100 China Department of Electrical ＆ Computer Engineering The University of Texas at Austin Austin Tx 78731 USA

A three-sidewalls-prism holographic method has been provided for the fabrication of 3-D fcc-type polymeric photonic crystal using negative photoresist. Special fabrication treatment has been introduced to ensure the stability of the fabricated nanostructures. The scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) and the diffraction results testified the good dependability of the fabricated structures. The simulation of the partial band structure is in good agreement with the transmission and reflection spectra obtained by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.

关键词：光子晶体高聚物光学设备散射

Exact solutions of the nonlinear differential-difference equations associated with the nonlinear electrical transmission line through a variable-coefficient discrete(G'/G)-expansion method

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Chinese Physics B 2014年第12期23卷 117-123页

作者： sadou Abdoulkary Alidou Mohamadou Ousmanou Dafounansou Serge Yamigno Doka Département des Sciences Physiques Ecole Normale Supérieure Université de Maroua Nonlinear and Complex Systems Group Faculty of Science University of Douala The Abdus salam International Center for Theoretical Physics

We investigated exact traveling soliton solutions for the nonlinear electrical transmission line. By applying a concise and straightforward method, the variable-coefficient discrete（G /G）-expansion method, we solve the nonlinear differential–difference equations associated with the network. We obtain some exact traveling wave solutions which include hyperbolic function solution, trigonometric function solution, rational solutions with arbitrary function, bright as well as dark solutions.

关键词： nonlinear transmission line discrete(G /G)-expansion method solitary waves

Pressure-induced structure,electronic,thermodynamic and mechanical properties of Ti_(2)AlNb orthorhombic phase by first-principles calculations

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Rare Metals 2021年第10期40卷 2964-2974页

作者： Zhen-Yi Wei Kang-Ming Hu Bai-Sheng sa Bo Wu Multiscale Computational Materials Facility School of Materials Science and EngineeringFuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350100China

Effects of pressure on lattice parameters, electronic, thermodynamic and mechanical properties of the fully ordered Ti_(2)AlNb orthorhombic phase were studied using first-principles calculations based on density functional theory(DFT). The bonding nature for ordering orthorhombic Ti_(2)AlNb was revealed quantitatively through the electronic structure analyzing. The external pressures play limited roles in the elastic anisotropy of the alloy due to the outstanding dynamical and mechanical stabilities under pressure. However, the shear modulus of O phase manifests anisotropic, where {010} shear planes are the easiest planes to cleave among the principal planes under all *** heat capacities, volume expansions and thermal expansion coefficients were calculated using the quasi-harmonic approximation model based on the phonon dispersion curves. Meanwhile, the bulk modulus, Young’s modulus,shear modulus and the hardness are promptly enhanced under pressure. The predicted results give hints to design Ti_(2)AlNb-based alloy as high-pressure applications.

关键词： Ti2AlNb-based orthorhombic phase Pressure-induced effect Thermodynamic properties Mechanical properties First-principles calculations

Model based odia numeral recognition using fuzzy aggregated features

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2014年第6期8卷 916-922页

作者： Tusar Kanti MISHRA Banshidhar MAJHI Pankaj K sa sandeep PANDA Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Rourkela 769008 India

In this paper, an efficient scheme for recognition of handwritten Odia numerals using hidden markov model （HMM） has been proposed. Three different feature vectors for each of the numeral is generated through a polygonal approximation of object contour. Subsequently, aggregated feature vector for each numeral is derived from these three primary feature vectors using a fuzzy inference system. The final feature vector is divided into three levels and interpreted as three different states for HMM. Ten different three-state ergodic hidden markov models （HMMs） are thus constructed corresponding to ten numeral classes and parameters are calculated from these models. For the recognition of a probe numeral, its log-likelihood against these models are computed to decide its class label. The proposed scheme is implemented on a dataset of 2500 handwritten samples and a recognition accuracy of 96.3% has been achieved. The scheme is compared with other competent schemes.

关键词： handwritten character recognition HMM pattern recognition Odia numeral OCR