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Concurrent hetero-/homo-geneous electrocatalysts to bi-phasically mediate sulfur species for lithium-sulfur batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第6期93卷 663-668,I0016页

作者： rui-Bo LingHu Jin-Xiu Chen Jin-Hao Zhang Bo-Quan Li qing-Shan Fu Gulnur Kalimuldina Geng-Zhi sun Yunhu Han Long Kong Xi’an Institute of Flexible Electronics(IFE) Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710129ShaanxiChina Institute of Advanced Materials Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 211816JiangsuChina Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering School of Engineering and Digital SciencesNazarbayev UniversityKabanbay Batyr Ave.53Astana 010000Kazakhstan

Expediting redox kinetics of sulfur species on conductive scaffolds with limited charge accessible surface is considered as an imperative approach to realize energy-dense and power-intensive lithium-sulfur(Li-S)*** this work,the concept of concurrent hetero-/homo-geneous electrocatalysts is proposed to simultaneously mediate liquid-solid conversion of lithium polysulfides(LiPSs)and solid lithium disulfide/sulfide(Li_(2)S_(2)/Li_(2)S)propagation,the latter of which suffers from sluggish reduction kinetics due to buried conductive scaffold surface by extensive deposition of Li_(2)S_(2)/Li_(2)*** selected model material to verify this concept is a two-in-one catalyst:carbon nanotube(CNT)scaffold supported iron-cobalt(Fe-Co)alloy nanoparticles and partially carbonized selenium(C-Se)*** Fe-Co alloy serves as a heterogeneous electrocatalyst to seed Li_(2)S_(2)/Li_(2)S through sulphifilic active sites,while the C-Se sustainably releases soluble lithium polyselenides and functions as a homogeneous electrocatalyst to propagate Li_(2)S_(2)/Li_(2)S via solution *** bi-phasic mediation of the sulfur species benefits reduction kinetics of LiPS conversion,especially for the massive Li_(2)S_(2)/Li_(2)S growth scenario by affording an additional solution directed route in case of conductive surface being largely *** strategy endows the Li-S batteries with improved cycling stability(836 mA h g^(-1)after 180 cycles),rate capability(547 mA h g^(-1)at 4 C)and high sulfur loading superiority(2.96 mA h cm^(-2)at 2.4 mg cm^(-2)).This work hopes to enlighten the employment of bi-phasic electrocatalysts to dictate liquid-solid transformation of intermediates for conversion chemistry batteries.

关键词： Lithium-sulfur batteries Electrocatalysis Lithium polysulfides Sulfur cathode Energy density

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Effect of the vortical structures on the hydrodynamic performance of a pitching hydrofoil

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2024年第2期36卷 406-420页

作者： rui Yuan Hui-yun Hao Qin Wu Yun-qing Liu Biao Huang School of Mechanical Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China

The objective is to study the vortical structural behaviors of a transient pitching hydrofoil and their effects on the hydrodynamic performance. The pitching motion of the hydrofoil is set to pitch up with an almost constant rate from 5° to 15° and then back to 5°, with the Reynolds number 4.4×10^(5) and the frequency 2 Hz. The results show that the main coherent structures around the pitching hydrofoil include small-scale laminar separation bubble (LSB), large-scale second vortex (SV) and trailing edge vortex (TEV) which are all vortical. The relationship between the vortical structure and the lift is investigated with the finite-domain impulse theory. It indicates that the major part of the lift is contributed by the LSB, whereas the shedding and the formation of the SV and TEV cause the fluctuation of the lift. The proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) method is applied to capture the most energetic modes, revealing that the LSB mode occupies a large amount of energy in the flow field. The dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) method accurately extracts the dominant frequency and modal characteristics, with the first mode corresponding to the mean flow, the second mode corresponding to the LSB structure and the third and fourth modes corresponding to the vortex shedding.

关键词： Hydrodynamics vortical structures finite-domain impulse theory proper orthogonal decomposition(POD) dynamic mode decomposition(DMD) Pitching hydrofoil

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Temporal changes in mixing effects on litter decay and nitrogen release in a boreal riparian forest in northeastern China

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第2期35卷 33-41页

作者： Simin Wang Bo Liu rui Li Xiaoxin sun Rong Mao Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Forest Ecosystem Protection and Restoration of Poyang Lake Watershed College of ForestryJiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchang 330045People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment Northeast Institute of Geography and AgroecologyChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130102People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management of Ministry of Education School of ForestryNortheast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040People’s Republic of China Heilongjiang Sanjiang Plain Wetland Ecosystem Research Station Fuyuan 156500People’s Republic of China

In riparian forests,litter decay provides essential energy and nutrients for both terrestrial and fluvial *** mixing effects(LMEs)are crucial in regulating litter decay and nutrient dynamics,yet how LMEs change over time is unclear in riparian *** this study,leaf litter of three common species(Alnus sibirica *** Turcz,Betula platyphylla Sukaczev,and Betula fruticosa Pall.)were mixed in an equal mass ratio and LMEs were measured for mass and nitrogen(N)remaining in whole litter mixtures over a 3-year period in a boreal riparian forest,northeastern *** were also assessed for component litter mass and N remaining by separating litter mixtures by *** the decay of litter mixtures,antagonistic effects on mass and N remaining were dominant after one and two years of decay,whereas only additive effects were observed after three *** correlated negatively with functional diversity after the first and two years of decay but disappeared after three *** sorting litter mixtures by species,non-additive LMEs on mass and N remaining decreased over incubation ***,non-additive LMEs were more frequent for litter of both *** and *** with lower N concentration than for *** litter with higher N *** results indicate that incubation time is a key determinant of litter mixing effects during decay and highlight that late-stage litter mixture decay may be predicted from single litter decay dynamics in boreal riparian forests.

关键词： Biodiversity Litter quality Litter mixtures Synergistic effects Functional diversity

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Real-time arrival picking of rock microfracture signals based on convolutional-recurrent neural network and its engineering application

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第3期16卷 761-777页

作者： Bing-rui Chen Xu Wang Xinhao Zhu qing Wang Houlin Xie State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Institute of Rock and Soil MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan430071China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

Accurately picking P-and S-wave arrivals of microseismic(MS)signals in real-time directly influences the early warning of rock mass failure.A common contradiction between accuracy and computation exists in the current arrival picking ***,a real-time arrival picking method of MS signals is constructed based on a convolutional-recurrent neural network(CRNN).This method fully utilizes the advantages of convolutional layers and gated recurrent units(GRU)in extracting short-and long-term features,in order to create a precise and lightweight arrival picking ***,the synthetic signals with field noises are used to evaluate the hyperparameters of the CRNN model and obtain an optimal CRNN *** actual operation on various devices indicates that compared with the U-Net method,the CRNN method achieves faster arrival picking with less performance *** application of large underground caverns in the Yebatan hydropower station(YBT)project shows that compared with the short-term average/long-term average(STA/LTA),Akaike information criterion(AIC)and U-Net methods,the CRNN method has the highest accuracy within four sampling points,which is 87.44%for P-wave and 91.29%for S-wave,*** sum of mean absolute errors(MAESUM)of the CRNN method is 4.22 sampling points,which is lower than that of the other *** the four methods,the MS sources location calculated based on the CRNN method shows the best consistency with the actual failure,which occurs at the junction of the shaft and the second ***,the proposed method can pick up P-and S-arrival accurately and rapidly,providing a reference for rock failure analysis and evaluation in engineering applications.

关键词： Rock mass failure Microseismic event P-wave arrival S-wave arrival Deep learning

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Integral precession calibration method of PIGA on linear vibration table

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第3期37卷 219-236页

作者： Chuang sun Shun-qing REN Jun-wei CAO Ru HUO Department of Automation Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China School of Astronautics Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Faculty of Information technology Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China

Linear vibration table can provide harmonic accelerations to excite the nonlinear error terms of Pendulous Integrating Gyro Accelerometer(PIGA).Integral precession calibration method is proposed to calibrate PIGA on a linear vibration table in this *** on the precise expressions of PIGA’s inputs,the error calibration model of PIGA is *** angular velocity errors of PIGA are suppressed by integer periodic precession and the errors caused by non-integer periods vibrating are *** complete calibration process,including planning,preparation,PIGA testing,and coefficient identification,is designed to optimize the test operations and evaluate the calibration *** effect of the main errors on calibration uncertainty is analyzed and the relative sensitivity function is proposed to further optimize the test *** and simulation results verify that the proposed 10-position calibration method can improve calibration uncertainties after compensating for the related *** order of calibration uncertainties of the second-and third-order coefficients are decreased to 10^(-8)(rad.s^(-1))/g^(2)and 10^(-8)(rad.s^(-1))/g3,*** with the other two classical calibration methods,the calibration uncertainties of PIGA’s nonlinear error coefficients can be effectively reduced and the proportional residual errors are decreased less than 3×10-6(rad.s^(-1))/g by using the proposed calibration method.

关键词： PIGA Linear vibration table Vibration measurement Calibration Error analysis Uncertainty analysis

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Effect of biochar application on rice,wheat,and corn seedlings in hydroponic culture

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 379-390页

作者： Yingjie Yin Jikai Li Sihang Zhu qing Chen Chong Chen Yukui rui Jianying Shang College of Land Science and Technology China Agricultural UniversityKey Laboratory of Plant-Soil InteractionsMinistry of Educationand Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation in North ChinaMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijing 100193China Agricultural Management Institute Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijing 102208China College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural UniversityBeijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and RemediationBeijing 100193China

In recent years,biochar has attracted considerable attention for soil quality improvement and carbon sequestration due to its unique physicochemical ***,the mechanism by which biochar application negatively affects the growth of crop seedlings has not been fully *** this study,a hydroponic experiment was conducted to evaluate the response of rice,wheat,and corn seedlings to biochar application(CK,0 g/L;BC1,0.5 g/L;and BC2,1.0 g/L).Compared with the CK treatment,the BC1 and BC2 treatments decreased the fresh shoot and root weights of rice and corn seedlings(P0.05).For the contents of nutrient elements in seedlings,both BC1 and BC2 treatments hindered the roots from absorbing Fe and Cu and increased the uptake of Ca and *** with the CK treatment,the translocation factor(TF)values of Ca,Mn,and Zn were significantly decreased especially in rice seedlings(35.3%-36.8%,68.7%-76.5%,and 29.8%-22.0%,respectively)under the BC1 and BC2 treatments,while only Mn was significantly decreased in wheat and corn seedlings(P<0.05).Transmission electron microscope(TEM)analysis of root cross-sections showed that nano-sized biochar particles(10~23 nm)were found in the root cells under BC2 treatment *** findings reveal that a large amount of biochar application can reduce nutrient absorption and translocation,and hinder rice,wheat,and corn seedlings,particularly rice seedling,in hydroponic system.

关键词： Biochar Toxicity Seedling growth Hydroponic cultivation

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Cubic S/N co-doped TiO_(2) with rich oxygen vacancies from Ti-MOFs for efficient elimination of formaldehyde

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第2期35卷 512-515页

作者： qing Gao Lei sun Zhihua Wang Jiguang Deng State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution ControlKey Laboratory of Advanced Functional MaterialsEducation Ministry of ChinaDepartment of Chemical EngineeringBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China

The cubic S/N co-doped TiO_(2)(TNSx,x is the calcination temperature)photocatalysts with rich oxygen vacancies were obtained by high temperature calcination of sulfur powder and titanium-based MOFs NH_(2)-MIL-125 for the photocatalytic removal of gaseous formaldehyde(a volatile organic compound).Among the obtained catalysts,the presence of oxygen vacancies restricted photogenerated electron and holes recombination.98.00%removal of gaseous formaldehyde in 150 min could be achieved over TNS600 by xenon *** removal efficiency for formaldehyde was well retained for five cycle *** results from PL,TRPL and EIS revealed that TNS600 had the best separation efficiency of photogenerated electrons and holes,and the enhanced charge separation led to a significant increase in photocatalytic *** photocatalytic oxidation mechanism indicated that the ^(•)OH and ^(•)O_(2)−radicals were mainly involved in the efficient elimination of gaseous formaldehyde and were able to mineralize formaldehyde to H_(2)O and CO_(2).

关键词： Metal-organic frameworks Photocatalysis Formaldehyde removal S/N co-doped TiO_(2) Oxygen vacancies

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Hybrid bonding of GaAs and Si wafers at low temperature by Ar plasma activation

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Journal of Semiconductors 2024年第4期45卷 69-75页

作者： rui Huang Zhiyong Wang Kai Wu Hao Xu qing Wang Yecai Guo School of Electronic and Information Engineering Wuxi UniversityWuxi 214105China Institute of Advanced Technology on Semiconductor Optics&Electronics Institute of Laser EngineeringBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China

High-quality bonding of 4-inch GaAs and Si is achieved using plasma-activated bonding *** influence of Ar plasma activation on surface morphology is *** the annealing temperature is 300℃,the bonding strength reaches a maximum of 6.2 *** addition,a thermal stress model for GaAs/Si wafers is established based on finite element analysis to obtain the distribution of equivalent stress and deformation variables at different *** shape varia-tion of the wafer is directly proportional to the annealing *** an annealing temperature of 400℃,the maximum protrusion of 4 inches GaAs/Si wafers is 3.6 *** interface of GaAs/Si wafers is observed to be dense and defect-free using a transmission electron *** characterization of interface elements by X-ray energy dispersion spectroscopy indi-cates that the elements at the interface undergo mutual diffusion,which is beneficial for improving the bonding strength of the *** is an amorphous transition layer with a thickness of about 5 nm at the bonding *** preparation of Si-based GaAs heterojunctions can enrich the types of materials required for the development of integrated circuits,improve the performance of materials and devices,and promote the development of microelectronics technology.

关键词： plasma-activated bonding bonding strength thermal stress model mutual diffusion

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OFDMA-Based Unsourced Random Access in LEO Satellite Internet of Things

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China Communications 2024年第1期21卷 13-23页

作者： Jiaqi Fang Gangle sun Wenjin Wang Li You rui Ding National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096China Purple Mountain Laboratories Nanjing 211100China Institute of Telecommunication Satellite CASTBeijing 100094China

This paper investigates the low earth orbit(LEO)satellite-enabled coded compressed sensing(CCS)unsourced random access(URA)in orthogonal frequency division multiple access(OFDMA)framework,where a massive uniform planar array(UPA)is equipped on the *** LEO satellite communications,unavoidable timing and frequency offsets cause phase shifts in the transmitted signals,substantially diminishing the decoding performance of current terrestrial CCS URA *** cope with this issue,we expand the inner codebook with predefined timing and frequency offsets and formulate the inner decoding as a tractable compressed sensing(CS)***,we leverage the inherent sparsity of the UPA-equipped LEO satellite angular domain channels,thereby enabling the outer decoder to support more active ***,the outputs of the outer decoder are used to reduce the search space of the inner decoder,which cuts down the computational complexity and accelerates the convergence of the inner *** results verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.

关键词： LEO OFDMA satellite unsourced random access UPA

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A Two-Layer Encoding Learning Swarm Optimizer Based on Frequent Itemsets for Sparse Large-Scale Multi-Objective Optimization

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第6期11卷 1342-1357页

作者： Sheng Qi rui Wang Tao Zhang Xu Yang ruiqing sun Ling Wang College of Systems Engineering National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China Xiangjiang Laboratory Changsha 410205China College of Computer National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China Department of Automation Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China IEEE

Traditional large-scale multi-objective optimization algorithms(LSMOEAs)encounter difficulties when dealing with sparse large-scale multi-objective optimization problems(SLM-OPs)where most decision variables are *** a result,many algorithms use a two-layer encoding approach to optimize binary variable Mask and real variable Dec ***,existing optimizers often focus on locating non-zero variable posi-tions to optimize the binary variables ***,approxi-mating the sparse distribution of real Pareto optimal solutions does not necessarily mean that the objective function is *** data mining,it is common to mine frequent itemsets appear-ing together in a dataset to reveal the correlation between *** by this,we propose a novel two-layer encoding learning swarm optimizer based on frequent itemsets(TELSO)to address these *** mined the frequent terms of multiple particles with better target values to find mask combinations that can obtain better objective values for fast ***-mental results on five real-world problems and eight benchmark sets demonstrate that TELSO outperforms existing state-of-the-art sparse large-scale multi-objective evolutionary algorithms(SLMOEAs)in terms of performance and convergence speed.

关键词： Evolutionary algorithms learning swarm optimiza-tion sparse large-scale optimization sparse large-scale multi-objec-tive problems two-layer encoding.

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