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Effect of solar wind plasma parameters on space weather

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2015年第1期15卷 85-106页

作者： Balveer S.Rathore Dinesh c.Gupta subhash c.Kaushik School of Study in Physics Jiwaji UniversityGwalior Madhya Pradesh India

Today’s challenge for space weather research is to quantitatively predict the dynamics of the magnetosphere from measured solar wind and interplanetary magnetic field（IMF） conditions. correlative studies between geomagnetic storms（GMSs）and the various interplanetary（IP） field/plasma parameters have been performed to search for the causes of geomagnetic activity and develop models for predicting the occurrence of GMSs, which are important for space weather predictions. We find a possible relation between GMSs and solar wind and IMF parameters in three different situations and also derived the linear relation for all parameters in three *** the basis of the present statistical study, we develop an empirical model. With the help of this model, we can predict all categories of GMSs. This model is based on the following fact： the total IMF Btotalcan be used to trigger an alarm for GMSs, when sudden changes in total magnetic field Btotaloccur. This is the first alarm condition for a storm’s arrival. It is observed in the present study that the southward Bzcomponent of the IMF is an important factor for describing GMSs. A result of the paper is that the magnitude of Bzis maximum neither during the initial phase（at the instant of the IP shock） nor during the main phase（at the instant of Disturbance storm time（Dst） minimum）. It is seen in this study that there is a time delay between the maximum value of southward Bzand the Dst minimum, and this time delay can be used in the prediction of the intensity of a magnetic storm two-three hours before the main phase of a GMS. A linear relation has been derived between the maximum value of the southward component of Bzand the Dst, which is Dst =（-0.06）＋（7.65）Bz＋ *** auxiliary conditions should be fulfilled with this, for example the speed of the solar wind should, on average, be 350 km s-1 to 750 km s-1, plasma β should be low and, most importantly, plasma temperature should be low for intense storms. If the plasma tem

关键词： solar wind geomagnetic storms(GMSs) interplanetary magnetic field(IMF)

An experimental and numerical study of packing, compression, and caking behaviour of detergent powders

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Particuology 2014年第1期12卷 2-12页

作者： subhash c.Thakur Hossein Ahmadian Jin Sun Jin Y.Ooi School of Engineering University of Edinburgh Newcastle Innovation centre Procter and Gamble Technical Centre Ltd

This paper presents an experimental and numerical study of the packing, compression, and caking behaviour of spray dried detergent （SDD） powders with a two-fold aim： an experimental process of observation and evaluation of the packing, compression and caking behaviour of SDD powders, and a numerical approach based on discrete element modelling （DEM）. The mechanical properties, including the stress-strain response and the corresponding porosity change as a function of consolidation stress in a confined cylinder, the stress-strain response during unconfined shearing and the cake strength as a func- tion of consolidation stress, were evaluated and compared for different SDD powders using an extended uniaxial tester （Edinburgh Powder Tester - EPT）. The experiments using EPT showed excellent repro- ducibility in the measurement of packing, compression and caking behaviour and were therefore very useful for describing the handling characteristics of these powdered products including screening new products and different formulations. It was found that the sample with higher moisture had lower bulk porosity but higher compressibility and cake strength. The porosity, compressibility and cake strength were found to vary across different size fractions of the same sample. The larger sieve-cut samples had higher initial bulk porosity, compressibility and cake strength. It is revealed that moisture plays a sig- nificant role in packing, compression, and shearing behaviour of the powder. Three-dimensional DEM modelling using a recently developed elasto-plastic adhesive-frictional contact model showed that the contact model is able to capture the detergent behaviour reasonably well and can be used to model complex processes involving these powders.

关键词： Discrete element methodPowder flowcohesive materialUniaxial testPlasticitycontact model

Pulsed electrolysis of carbon dioxide by large-scale solid oxide electrolytic cells for intermittent renewable energy storage

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carbon Energy 2023年第4期5卷 2-12页

作者： Anqi Wu chaolei Li Beibei Han Wu Liu Yang Zhang Svenja Hanson Wanbing Guan subhash c.Singhal Key Laboratory of Advanced Fuel cells and Electrolyzers Technology of Zhejiang Province Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesNingboZhejiangChina Faculty of Science and Engineering University of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingboZhejiangChina

cO_(2) electrolysis with solid oxide electrolytic cells(SOEcs)using intermittently available renewable energy has potential applications for carbon neutrality and energy *** this study,a pulsed current strategy is used to replicate intermittent energy availability,and the stability and conversion rate of the cyclic operation by a large-scale flat-tube SOEc are *** hundred cycles under pulsed current ranging from -100 to -300 mA/cm^(2) with a total operating time of about 800 h were carried *** results show that after 100 cycles,the cell voltage attenuates by 0.041%/cycle in the high current stage of−300 mA/cm^(2),indicating that the lifetime of the cell can reach up to about 500 *** total cO_(2) conversion rate reached 52%,which is close to the theoretical value of 54.3% at -300 mA/cm^(2),and the calculated efficiency approached 98.2%,assuming heat *** study illustrates the significant advantages of SOEc in efficient electrochemical energy conversion,carbon emission mitigation,and seasonal energy storage.

关键词： carbon dioxide cyclic electrolysis pulse current solid oxide electrolytic cells

Larvicidal activity of Dregea volubilis and Bombax malabaricum leaf extracts against the filarial vector culex quinquefasciatus

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2011年第6期4卷 436-441页

作者： Emdad Hossain Anjali Rawani Goutam c.andra subhash c.Mandal Jayanta Kumar Gupta Pharmacy college AzamgarhItauraPO:ChandeshwarAzamgarh 276128Uttar PradeshIndia Department of Zoology Mosquito Research UnitParasitology LaboratoryThe University of BurdwanBurdwan 713104West BengalIndia Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Jadavpur UniversityKolkata 700032India

Objective:To analyze the larvicidal activity of two plant leaf powder and leaf-extracts, Dregea volubilis and Bombax malabaricum against culex ***:The larvicidal bioassay was done for powdered leaves of Dregea volubilis and Bombax malabaricum individually and their methanol extracts against first-,second-,third- and fourth-instar larval forms of culex *** rate was recorded after 24,48 and 72 h of postexposure. Lc50 and LG90 values were calculated at different time intervals for third instar larvae. Results:All the graded concentration（0.1%,0.2%,0.3%,0.4%,0.5%） of powdered leaves showed significant（P c extracts of both the plants against culex *** corresponding c50 values were 56.97 ppm and 48.85 ppm,respectively after 24 h of *** is no mortality of non-target organism such as chironomous circumdatus,Oreochromis niloticus niloticus and Diplonichus annulatum within 72 h of post exposure to 0.1%,0.2%,0.3%crude powdered leaves and methanolic extracts of both the two individual plants under the laboratory *** results of preliminary qualitative phytochemical analysis of both the plants revealed the presence of many bioactive principles such as steroids,tannins,flavonoids,triterpenoids,saponins,etc. that may be responsible for their bio-control ***:The results have shown potential and eco-friendly use of both plant extracts against larva of culex quinquefasciatus for the first time.

关键词： Bombax malabaricum culex quinquefasciatus Dregea volubilis Larvicidal activity

Thickness Dependent Physical Properties of Thermally Evaporated Nanocrystalline cdSe Thin Films

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2015年第10期28卷 1299-1304页

作者： Anuradha Purohit subhash chander Satya Pal Nehra Mahendra Singh Dhaka Department of Physics Mohanlal Sukhadia University centre of Excellence for Energy and Environmental Studies Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technology Microelectronics Research center Iowa State University of Science and Technology

This paper presents a study on thickness dependent physical properties of cadmium selenide thin films. The films of thickness 445, 631 and 810 nm were deposited employing thermal evaporation technique on glass and ITO-coated glass substrates followed by thermal annealing in air atmosphere at 200 °c. These films were subjected to X-ray diffractometer, UV-Vis spectrophotometer, scanning electron microscopy（SEM） and electrometer for structural, optical,surface morphological and electrical analysis respectively. The structural analysis reveals that the films are nanocrystalline in nature with cubic phase and preferred orientation（111）. The crystallographic parameters such as lattice constant, interplanar spacing, grain size, internal strain, dislocation density, number of crystallites per unit area and texture coefficient are calculated and discussed. The optical band gap is found in the range 1.75-1.92 e V and observed to increase with *** SEM study shows that the annealed films are uniform, fully covered and well defined. The electrical analysis shows that the conductivity is varied with film thickness and found within the order of semiconductor behavior.

关键词： Thin films X-ray diffraction Optical properties Electrical properties Evaporation

calophyllum inophyllum: recalcitrant or intermediate seed?

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Journal of Forestry Research 2012年第1期23卷 103-107页

作者： subhash Hathurusingha Nanjappa Ashwath centre for Plant and Water Science CQ University Rockhampton 4702 Australia

We studied seed storage behaviour of a multipurpose tree calophyllum inophyllum （clusiaseae）. Seeds were collected at Roslyn bay （2307′60＂ S, 150°43′60＂ E） central Queensland. Seed drying and desieeation tolerance tests were carried out according to International Seed Testing Association （ISTA） rules. We found c. inophyllum seeds to be recalcitrant and vulnerable to chilling injury, hence, unsuited for cold storage. c. inophyllum seeds maintained their viability for an appreciable period （〉 8 months） if stored in wanner environments.

关键词： calophyllum inophyllum germination moisture content recalcitrant storage longevity seed storage behaviour

Bioactive nanotherapeutic trends to combat triple negative breast cancer

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Bioactive Materials 2021年第10期6卷 3269-3287页

作者： Pallabita chowdhury Upasana Ghosh Kamalika Samanta Meena Jaggi subhash c.chauhan Murali M.Yallapu Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTNUSA Department of Biomedical Engineering School of EngineeringRutgers UniversityThe State University of New JerseyPiscatawayNJ08854USA Department of Immunology and Microbiology School of MedicineUniversity of Texas Rio Grande ValleyMcAllenTXUSA South Texas center of Excellence in cancer Research School of MedicineUniversity of Texas Rio Grande ValleyMcAllenTXUSA

The management of aggressive breast cancer,particularly,triple negative breast cancer(TNBc)remains a formidable challenge,despite treatment *** newer therapies such as atezolizumab,olaparib,and sacituzumab can tackle the breast cancer prognosis and/or progression,but achieved limited survival benefit(s).The current research efforts are aimed to develop and implement strategies for improved bioavailability,targetability,reduce systemic toxicity,and enhance therapeutic outcome of FDA-approved treatment *** review presents various nanoparticle technology mediated delivery of chemotherapeutic agent(s)for breast cancer *** article also documents novel strategies to employ cellular and cell membrane cloaked(biomimetic)nanoparticles for effective clinical *** technologies offer a safe and active targeting nanomedicine for effective management of breast cancer,especially TNBc.

关键词： Breast cancer treatment Triple negative breast cancer chemotherapy Nanoparticles Membrane cloaked nanoparticles Nanomedicine Biomimetic nanoparticles

Decadal trends in precipitable water vapor over the Indus River Basin using ERA5 reanalysis data

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Journal of Mountain Science 2023年第10期20卷 2928-2945页

作者： Seema RANI Jyotsna SINGH subhash SINGH Purushottam TIWARI Suraj MAL Department of Geography Institute of ScienceBanaras Hindu UniversityUttar Pradesh 221005India Department of Geography Shaheed Bhagat Singh CollegeUniversity of DelhiNew Delhi 110017India center for the Study of Regional Development Jawaharlal Nehru UniversityNew DelhiDelhi 11oo6zIndia

Precipitable Water Vapor(PWV)constitutes a pivotal parameter within the domains of atmospheric science,and remote sensing due to its profound influence on Earth’s climate dynamics and weather *** exerts a significant impact on atmospheric stability absorption and emission of radiation,thus engendering alterations in the Earth’s radiative *** such,precise quantification of PWV holds the potential to enhance weather prognostication and fortify preparedness against severe meteorological *** study aimed to elucidate the spatial and temporal changes in seasonal and annual PWV across the Indus River Basin and its sub-basins using ERA5 reanalysis *** present study used ERA5 PWV(entire atmospheric column),air temperature at 2 m(t2m)and 500 hPa(T_500hPa),evapotranspiration,and total cloud cover data from 1960 to *** Sen slope estimator and Mann-Kendall test were used for trend *** and multiple regression methods were used to understand the association of PWV with other *** findings have unveiled the highest increase in mean PWV during the monsoon(0.40 mm/decade),followed by premonsoon(0.37 mm/decade),post-monsoon(0.27 mm/decade),and winter(0.19 mm/decade)throughout the study ***,the mean PWV exhibited the most pronounced positive trend in the sub-basin Lower Indus(LI),followed by Panjnad(P),Kabul(K),and Upper Indus(UI)across all seasons,except *** PWV has also risen in the Indus basin and its sub-basins over the last six *** exhibits a consistent upward trend up to an elevation of 3500 m within the basin which is most pronounced during the monsoon season,followed by the *** escalating PWV within the basin is reasonably ascribed to increasing air temperatures,augmented evapotranspiration,and heightened cloud *** findings hold potential utility for pertinent authorities engaged in water resource management and planning.

关键词： Himalaya Precipitable Water Vapor Indus River Basin Atmosphere climate change ERA5 Reanalysis data

Spotless days and geomagnetic index as the predictors of solar cycle 25

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2021年第9期21卷 21-28页

作者： Dipali S.Burud Rajmal Jain Arun K.Awasthi Sneha chaudhari Sushanta c.Tripathy Nat Gopalswamy Pramod chamadia subhash c.Kaushik Rajiv Vhatkar Department of Physics Shivaji UniversityKolhapur 416004India Physical Research Laboratory Navrangpura380009 Ahmedabad cAS Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment Department of Geophysics and Planetary SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China cAS Key Laboratory of Solar Activity National Astronomical ObservatoriesBeijing 100101China National Solar Observatory 3665 Discovery Drive BoulderCO 80303USA Goddard Space Flight center NASAGreenbeltMD 20771USA Department of Physics Govt.PG Autonomous CollegeSatnaM.P.485001India Department of Physics Govt.P.G.CollegeDatiyaM.P.475661India Sh.M.M.Patel Institute of Sciences and Research Kadi Sarva VishwavidyalayaGandhinagar 382015India

We study the sunspot activity in relation to spotless days(SLDs)during the descending phase of solar cycles 11-24 to predict the amplitude of sunspot cycle *** this purpose,in addition to SLD,we also consider the geomagnetic activity(aa index)during the descending phase of a given cycle.A very strong correlation of the SLD(0.68)and aa index(0.86)during the descending phase of a given cycle with the maximum amplitude of next solar cycle has been *** empirical relationship led us to deduce the amplitude of cycle 25 to be 99.13±14.97 and 104.23±17.35 using SLD and aa index,respectively as *** the predictors provide comparable amplitude for solar cycle 25 and reveal that solar cycle 25 will be weaker than cycle ***,we predict that the maximum of cycle 25 is likely to occur between February and March *** the aa index has been utilized extensively in the past,this work establishes SLDs as another potential candidate for predicting the characteristics of the next cycle.

关键词： Sun:activity Sun:sunspots Sun:rotation methods:statistical