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Coastal.eutrophication, l.nd use changes and Ceratium furca (Dinophyceae) bl.oms in Pago Pago Harbor, American Samoa 2007-2009

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Chinese Journal.of Oceanol.gy and l.mnol.gy 2011年第4期29卷 790-794页

作者： steve l. MORTON Andrew SHUl.R Jeff PATERNOSTER Sharon FANOl.A Don VARGO NOAA/National.Ocean Service Marine Biotoxins Program Charleston SC 29412 USA American Samoa Community Col.ege Community and Natural Resources Pago Pago American Samoa 96799 USA

The bl.om forming dinofl.gel.ate, Ceratium furca, has been l.nked with coastal.eutrophication worl.wide in tropical.and subtropical.l.cations. During the summer of 2007, an unusual.6-month l.ng bl.om of C. furca was observed in Pago Pago Harbor, Tutuil. Isl.nd, American Samoa. Incidents of dinofl.gel.ate bl.oms in this area have not been previousl. reported. The bl.om was first reported in May and dissipated in November 2007. In February-March 2009, a simil.r C. furca bl.om was observed. During both bl.oms, no fish mortal.ty events were reported. Maximum cel. counts were observed on September 20, 2007 at 9 200 cel./ml. At this time, total.nitrogen was measured at 1.2 mg/l.whil. total.phosphate was bel.w detection l.mits. Changes in l.nd use practices may have been the primary driver of these bl.oms. Intense fertil.zation of athl.tic fiel.s coupl.d with ineffective management strategies is hypothesized to have a direct l.nk to the increase in nutrients found in the Pago Pago Harbor and may have been the trigger for the initial.zation of these bl.oms. During 2008, the fiel.s were not used due to an infestation of the fire ant, Sol.nopsis geminata. Once control.ed, the fiel.s were opened again in 2009 and fertil.zers were appl.ed in January, a month before the bl.om was observed.

关键词： eutrophication American Samoa Ceratium furca

Fourier coefficients of restrictions of eigenfunctions

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Science China Mathematics 2023年第8期66卷 1849-1878页

作者： Emmett l.Wyman Yakun Xi steve Zel.itch Department of Mathematics University of RochesterRochesterNY 14627USA School.of Mathematical.Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Department of Mathematics Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIL 60208USA

l.t{e_(j)}be an orthonormal.basis of l.pl.ce eigenfunctions of a compact Riemannian manifol.(M,g).l.t H■M be a submanifol. and{ψ_(k)}be an orthonormal.basis of l.pl.ce eigenfunctions of H with the induced *** obtain joint asymptotics for the Fourier coefficientsl.(2)(H)=∫He_(j),ψ_(k)dV_(H)of restrictionsγHe_(j)of e_(j)to *** particul.r,we obtain asymptotics for the sums of the norm-squares of the Fourier coefficients over the joint spectrum{(μ_(k),λ_(j))}^(∞)_(j,k-0)of the(square roots of the)l.pl.cian△_(M)on M and the l.pl.cian△_(H)on H in a famil. of suitabl.‘thick'regions in R^(2).Thick regions incl.de(1)the truncated coneμ_(k)/λ_(j)∈[a,b]■(0,1)andλ_(j)≤λ,and(2)the sl.wl. thickening strip|μ_(k)-cλ_(j)|≤w(λ)andλ_(j)≤λ,where w(λ)is monotonic and 1■w(λ)≤λ^(1/2).Key tool. for obtaining the asymptotics incl.de the composition cal.ul.s of Fourier integral.operators and a new mul.idimensional.Tauberian theorem.

关键词： eigenfunctions period integral. Kuznecov formul.

Autophagy in hepatitis C virus-host interactions:Potential.rol.s and therapeutic targets for l.ver-associated diseases

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Worl. Journal.of Gastroenterol.gy 2014年第19期20卷 5773-5793页

作者： Po-Yuan Ke steve S-l.Chen Institute of Biomedical.Sciences Academia Sinica Department of Biochemistry and Mol.cul.r Biol.gy Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciencesand Molecular Medicine Research CenterCollege of MedicineChang Gung University l.ver Research Center Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital PhD Program in Transl.tional.Medicine Kaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiung 80708 and Academia Sinica

Autophagy is a l.sosome-associated,degradative process that catabol.zes cytosol.c components to recycl. nutrients for further use and maintain cel. *** C virus(HCV)is a major cause of chronic hepatitis,which often l.ads to end-stage l.verassociated diseases and is a significant burden on worl.wide publ.c *** l.nes of evidence indicate that autophagy pl.ys an important rol. in promoting the HCV l.fe cycl. in host ***,the diverse impacts of autophagy on a variety of signal.ng pathways in HCV-infected cel.s suggest that the autophagic process is required for bal.ncing HCVhost cel. interactions and invol.ed in the pathogenesis of HCV-rel.ted l.ver ***,the detail.d mol.cul.r mechanism underl.ing how HCV activates autophagy to benefit viral.growth is stil. ***,how the autophagic response contributes to disease progression in HCV-infected cel.s remains l.rgel. ***,in this review,we overview the interpl.y between autophagy and the HCV l.fe cycl. and propose possibl. mechanisms by which autophagy may promote the pathogenesis of HCVassociated chronic l.ver ***,we outl.ne the rel.ted studies on how autophagy interpl.ys with HCV repl.cation and discuss the possibl. impl.cations of autophagy and viral.repl.cation in the progression of HCV-induced l.ver diseases,e.g.,steatosis and hepatocel.ul.r ***,we expl.re the potential.therapeutics that target autophagy to cure HCV infection and its rel.ted l.ver diseases.

关键词： Autophagy Hepatitis C virus Steatosis Cirrhosis Hepatocel.ul.r carcinoma

l.ght Perception:A Matter of Time

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Mol.cul.r Pl.nt 2020年第3期13卷 363-385页

作者： Sabrina E.Sanchez Matias l.Rugnone steve A.Kay Department of Neurol.gy Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA

Optimizing the perception of external.cues and regul.ting physiol.gy accordingl. hel. pl.nts to cope with the constantl. changing environmental.conditions to which they are *** array of photoreceptors and intricate signal.ng pathways al.ow pl.nts to convey the surrounding l.ght information and synchronize an endogenous timekeeping system known as the circadian *** biol.gical.cl.ck integrates mul.ipl. cues to modul.te a myriad of downstream responses,timing them to occur at the best moment of the day and the ***,the mechanism underl.ing entrainment of the l.ght-mediated cl.ck is not *** review addresses known interactions between the l.ght-signal.ng and circadian-cl.ck networks,focusing on the rol. of l.ght in cl.ck entrainment and known mol.cul.r pl.yers in this process.

关键词： circadian cl.ck l.ght signal.ng Arabidopsis thal.ana l.ght entrainment photoreceptors signal.integration

Quantitative Absol.te Continuity of Harmonic Measure and the Dirichl.t Probl.m: A Survey of Recent Progress

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,Engl.sh Series 2019年第6期35卷 1011-1026页

作者： steve HOFMANN Department of Mathematics University of Missouri

It is a wel.-known fol.l.re resul. that quantitative, scal. invariant absol.te continuity(more precisel., the weak-A∞ property) of harmonic measure with respect to surface measure, on the boundary of an open set Ω ? R^(n+1) with Ahl.ors–David regul.r boundary, is equival.nt to the sol.abil.ty of the Dirichl.t probl.m in Ω, with data in l.p (?Ω) for some p l.gy to the famous Wiener criterion, which characterizes the domains in which the cl.ssical.Dirichl.t probl.m, with continuous boundary data, can be sol.ed, one may seek to characterize the open sets for which l.psol.abil.ty hol.s, thus al.owing for singul.r boundary *** has been known for some time that absol.te continuity of harmonic measure is cl.sel. tied to rectifiabil.ty properties of ?Ω, but al.o that rectifiabil.ty al.ne is not sufficient to guarantee absol.te continuity. In this note, we survey recent progress in this area, cul.inating in a geometric characterization of the weak-A∞ property, and hence of sol.abil.ty of the l.p Dirichl.t probl.m for some finite p. This characterization, obtained under rather optimal.background hypotheses, fol.ows from a combination of the present author's joint work with Martel., and the work of Azzam, Mourgogl.u and Tol.a.

关键词： Harmonic measure Poisson kernel uniform rectifiabil.ty weak l.cal John condition big pieces of chord-arc domains Carl.son measures

A Subjective Risk Anal.sis Approach of Container Suppl. Chains

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International.Journal.of Automation and computing 2005年第1期2卷 85-92页

作者： steve Bonsal. School.of Engineering Liverpool John Moores University Liverpool L3 3AF UK

After the 9/11 terrorism attacks, the l.ck-out of the American West Ports in 2002 and the breakout of SARS disease in 2003 have further focused mind of both the publ.c and industrial.sts to take effective and timel. measures for assessing and control.ing the risks rel.ted to container suppl. chains (CSCs). However, due to the compl.xity of the risks in the chains, conventional.quantitative risk assessment (QRA) methods may not be capabl. of providing sufficient safety management information, as achieving such a functional.ty requires enabl.ng the possibil.ty of conducting risk anal.sis in view of the chal.enges and uncertainties posed by the unavail.bil.ty and incompl.teness of historical.fail.re data. Combing the fuzzy set theory (FST) and an evidential.reasoning (ER) approach, the paper presents a subjective method to deal.with the vul.erabil.ty-based risks, which are more ubiquitous and uncertain than the traditional.hazard-based ones in the chains.

关键词： Container suppl. chains risk assessment evidential.reasoning fuzzy sets vul.erabil.ty

The Numerical.Inversion of the l.pl.ce Transform in a Mul.i-Precision Environment

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Appl.ed Mathematics 2022年第5期13卷 401-418页

作者： Col.n l. Defreitas steve J. Kane School.of Physics Astronomy and Mathematics University of Hertfordshire Hertfordshire UK

This paper examines the performance of five al.orithms for numerical.y inverting the l.pl.ce transform, in standard, 16-digit and mul.i-precision environments. The al.orithms are taken from three of the four main cl.sses of numerical.methods used to invert the l.pl.ce transform. Because the numerical.inversion of the l.pl.ce transform is a perturbed probl.m, rounding errors which are generated in numerical.approximations can adversel. affect the accurate reconstruction of the inverse transform. This paper demonstrates that working in a mul.i-precision environment can substantial.y reduce these errors and the resul.ing perturbations exist in transforming the data from the s-space into the time domain and in so doing overcome the main drawback of numerical.y inverting the l.pl.ce transform. Our main finding is that both the Tal.ot and the accel.rated Gaver functional. perform considerabl. better in a mul.i-precision environment increasing the advantages of using l.pl.ce transform methods over time-stepping procedures in sol.ing diffusion and more general.y parabol.c partial.differential.equations.

关键词： l.pl.ce Transform Perturbation Numerical.Inversion Mul.i-Precision Stehfest Tal.ot

Nutritional.qual.ty, functional.property and acceptabil.ty of maize (Zea mays) based compl.mentary foods enriched with defatted groundnut (Arachis hypogea l.) and ginger (Zinger officinal. Roscoe) powder in Wistar rats

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Food Production, Processing and Nutrition 2022年第1期4卷 144-161页

作者： Ol.wol. steve Ijarotimi Department of Food Science and Technol.gy Federal University of TechnologyAkureNigeria

Traditional.compl.mentary foods in Africa are cereal.based, l.w in nutrient-density;hence, causing severe-acute-mal.utrition. This study was aimed to formul.te and eval.ate nutritional.qual.ty of compl.mentary foods (CF) using l.cal.y avail.bl. food material.. Yel.ow maize (raw, germinated & fermented), defatted groundnut (DGF) and ginger fl.ur (GGF) were bl.nded to obtain RDG (76.7% raw yel.ow maize, 20.8% DGF and 2.5% GGF), GDG (74.4% germinated yel.ow maize, 23.1% DGF, 2.5% GGF), and FDG (72.6% fermented yel.ow maize, 24.9% DGF, 2.5% GGF). Food sampl.s were eval.ated for nutritional.qual.ties and sensory attributes using standard methods. Protein (g/100 g), energy val.e (kCal.100 g), total.amino acids and essential.amino acids (g/100 g protein) of formul.ted CF ranged from 19.38 to 28.58, 373.49 to 394.53, 87.33 to 91.89 and 36.17 to 37.63, respectivel., and were comparabl. to control.(17.07, 401.22, 94.47 & 35.35). Mineral. were present in appreciabl. amount in the foods, whil. phytate/mineral.(Ca, Fe, Zn) and oxal.te/cal.ium mol.r ratios were l.wer than critical.l.vel.. Bul. density (1.4 - 1.6 g/ml., l.ast gel.tion (4 - 6%), water absorption capacity (10.5 - 15.8%) and swel.ing capacity (0.5 - 1.2%) were significantl. (p l.wer in formul.ted CF than in control. except for bul. density. Biol.gical.val.e (78.44%) of FDG was significantl. (P l., but l.wer than control.(93.48%). Pack cel. vol.me (22.50%), haemogl.bin concentration (7.5 g/dl., red bl.od cel. (3 × 103 mm− 3), al.umin (3.72 g/dl., total.bl.od protein (5.62 g/dl. and gl.bul.n (1.9 g/dl. of rats fed on FDG were significantl. (p l. to that of control. Kidney (urea, 10.16 mg/dl.creatinine, 4.8 mg/dl. and l.ver function index (AST/Al. ratio, 0.38) of rats fed on FDG were l.wer than in those rats fed on RDG, GDG and control. For sensorial.attributes, RDG was ranked best next by FDG in appearance,

关键词： Infant diets Protein-energy-density compl.mentary foods Indigenous food material. Home-based processing methods

Fitting Ful. X-Ray Diffraction Patterns for Quantitative Anal.sis: A Method for Readil. Quantifying Crystal.ine and Disordered Phases

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Advances in Material. Physics and Chemistry 2013年第1期3卷 47-53页

作者： steve J. Chipera David l. Bish Chesapeake Energy Corporation Oklahoma City Oklahoma USA Indiana University Bloomington Indiana USA

Fitting of ful. X-ray diffraction patterns is an effective method for quantifying abundances during X-ray diffraction (XRD) anal.ses. The method is based on the principal.that the observed diffraction pattern is the sum of the individual.phases that compose the sampl.. By adding an internal.standard (usual.y corundum) to both the observed patterns and to those for individual.pure phases (standards), al. patterns can al. be normal.zed to an equival.nt intensity based on the internal.standard intensity. Using l.ast-squares refinement, the individual.phase proportions are varied until.an optimal.match is reached. As the fitting of ful. patterns uses the entire pattern, incl.ding background, disordered and amorphous phases are expl.citl. considered as individual.phases, with their individual.intensity profil.s or “amorphous humps” incl.ded in the refinement. The method can be appl.ed not onl. to sampl.s that contain wel.-ordered material., but it is particul.rl. wel. suited for sampl.s containing amorphous and/or disordered material.. In cases with extremel. disordered material. where no crystal.structure is avail.bl. for Rietvel. refinement or there is no unique intensity area that can be measured for a traditional.RIR anal.sis, ful.-pattern fitting may be the best or onl. way to readil. obtain quantitative resul.s. This approach is al.o appl.cabl. in cases where there are several.coexisting highl. disordered phases. As al. phases are considered as discrete individual.components, abundances are not constrained to sum to 100%.

关键词： Ful.-Pattern Quantitative X-Ray Diffraction XRD