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Relative preference of Lygus hesperus （hemiptera： Miridae） to selected host plants in the field

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Insect Science 2010年第6期17卷 542-548页

作者： Apurba K. Barman Megha N. Parajulee stanley C. Carroll Department of Entomology Texas A&M University College Station Texas AgriLife Research Center Lubbock Texas USA

Information on host plant preference of agriculturally important insect pests, such as Lygus hesperus （Knight）, can be helpful in predicting its occurrence and future movement among crop and nonrop host plants. A field study was conducted during 2005 and 2006 to evaluate the host preference of Lygus to cotton and four other host plants in the Texas high Plains, including alfalfa （Medicago sativa L.）, wild sunflower （helianthus annuus L.）, Russian thistle （Salsola iberica L.） and pigweed （Amaranthus palmeri L.）. Sampling for both nymphs and adults during 2005 （July to November） and 2006 （June to November） showed that alfalfa and Russian thistle were the two most preferred hosts out of the five hosts evaluated. Abundance of nymphs （numbers per 50 sweeps per host plant） during the sampling period also indicated the superior reproductive suitability of alfalfa and Russian thistle. Cotton appeared to be the least attractive host plant for Lygus when Russian thistle and alfalfa were available in the host mosaic. Seasonal abundance of Lygus was found to be lower during 2006 compared to 2005, which may be explained by the difference in rainfall patterns during these two years. In terms of species dominance, L. hesperus was the most dominant species in the sampled population followed by an inconsiderable fraction ofL. elisus and L. lineolaris.

关键词： cotton crop host-plant preference Lygus hesperus non-cotton crops

Movement Disorder Emergencies 2005

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The clock gene,period,influences migratory flight and reproduction of the oriental armyworm,Mythimna separata(Walker)

丛书名： Current Clinical Neurology

2005年

作者： Steven J. Frucht stanley Fahn

ISBN: (数字)9781592599028

ISBN: (纸本)9781588293053

Prominent neurologists and movement disorders experts from around the world logically and systematically review the major movement disorder emergencies, instructing the reader on how optimally to recognize and manage these problems. The authors comprehensively cover a broad range of disorders, including acute dystonic reactions, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, startle syndromes, and tic emergencies, and stress the importance of certain obvious diagnoses such as Wilson's disease, dopa-responsive dystonia, and Whipple's disease, in which delayed diagnosis in less emergent situations can lead to slowly evolving and often irreversible neurologic damage with tragic consequences. Patient vignettes at the beginning of each chapter focus the reader's attention and highlight the urgency of the problem. Since astute clinical diagnosis of many movement disorders is still largely dependent on visual pattern recognition in the clinic, an accompanying CD-ROM illustrates virtually all of the movement disorders described in the text

关键词： Movement Disorders

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Insect Science 2023年第3期30卷 650-660页

作者： Jiayue Ji Yueqiu Liu Lei Zhang Yunxia Cheng David stanley Xingfu Jiang State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina School of Landscape Architecture Bejing University of AgricultureBejingChina Biological Control of Insects Research Laboratory USDA/Agricultural Research ServiceColumbiaMOUSA

The oriental armyworm,Mythimna separata,is a major long-distance migratory insect pest of grain crops in China and other Asian *** flights and reproductive behavior usually occur at night,regulated by a circadian ***,knowledge about the linkages between adult flight,reproduction,and clock genes is still *** fill this important gap in our knowledge,a clock gene(designated Msper)was identified and phylogenetic analysis indicated that the encoded protein(MsPER)was highly similar to PER proteins from other insect *** RT-PCR assays demonstrated that significantly different spatiotemporal and circadian rhythmic accumulations of mRNA encoding MsPER occurred during development under steady 14 h:10 h light:dark *** highest mRNA accumulation occurred in adult antennae and the lowest in *** was expressed rhythmically in adult antennae,relatively less in photophase and more entering *** small interference RNA(siRNA)into adult heads effectively knocked down Msper mRNA levels within 72 *** siRNA-injected adults reduced their evening flight activity significantly and did not exhibit a normal evening peak of flight *** also failed to mate and lay eggs within 72 *** mating behavior was restored to control levels by 72 h post *** infer that Msper is a prominent clock gene that acts in regulating adult migratory flight and mating behaviors of *** of its influence on migration and mating,Msper may be a valuable gene to target for effective management of this migratory insect.

关键词： flight action Mythimna separata period clock gene reproduction RNA interference

Clinical potential of tensionlengthening strategies during nerve repair

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第4期17卷 779-780页

作者： stanley Bazarek Justin M.Brown Sameer B.Shah Department of Neurosurgery Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Department of Neurosurgery Brigham&Women’s Hospital/Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Departments of Orthopedic Surgery and Bioengineering University of California-San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA

A(very)brief history of tension in nerve repair:Successful nerve repair is achieved by conveying as many axons successfully to their targets as ***,this is best achieved through a direct end-to-end repair under minimal tension(Millesi,1986).however,this is not feasible in most cases of trauma,where a segment of tissue damage must be excised and *** has most commonly been addressed with the use of nerve grafts to bridge the *** nerve grafts are considered the gold standard,with allograft or synthetic substitutes demonstrating some success over shorter *** their utility,autologous grafts pose challenges of their *** include functional deficit in the donor distribution(typically sensory),extended operative duration,additional scarring,and a lack of intrinsic blood *** are also a poor anatomical match for the stumps being bridged,both internally(disparate neuronal size and composition)as well as externally(often requiring cabled bundles to approximate the caliber of the nerve being repaired).Finally,unlike end-to-end repairs,autologous grafts also require axons to traverse a second repair interface,where a large proportion of axons are lost across the anatomical discontinuity.

关键词： tension repair overcome

Are There Tea Parties on Mars？ Business and Politics in Science Fiction Films

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Journal of Literature and Art Studies 2012年第3期2卷 382-396页

作者： O＇Brien stanley Nicki L. Michalski Ruth J. h. stanley Lamar University Beaumont USA

This paper will apply a politically oriented description-critique paradigm developed from the works of Whitehall and Grewell that offers a way to examine works of popular culture, particularly Mars-based science fiction films. Because of the unique nature of these films, primarily which they are set in a future and distant world, they allow us to explore the socio-political landscape in which they were created from a remove that does not exist in ＂real-world＂ based works. Specifically we will be examining the governing power （in any particular Mars-based science fiction film） that might be either wielded by business interests or governmental interests. Although it is possible to have both a strong government and a strong business in a society, in many Mars-based science fiction films, government and business seem to represent two sides of a continuum. The stronger the business power structure in the film, the weaker the governmental power structure, and vice-versa.

关键词： science fiction Mars political structure governmental power Geoffrey Whitehall Gary Grewell colonization film

Green Eco-District Regulatory Plan Decision Tool–Carbon Accounting Standard Protocol

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China City Planning Review 2017年第2期26卷 29-38页

作者： stanley CTYip Li Min(译) School of Urban Planning and Design Shenzhen Graduate SchoolPeking University Joyful Cities Consulting (Shanghai) Inc. 不详

Green eco-district planning and construction occupies a very important position in China's future low carbon urbanization roadmap because the experience gained through practice will provide cities with a technical pathway to manage climate change and reduce carbon emissions. however, during the current preparation and implementation stage of the green eco-district plans, both the planning management departments and planning design institutes are faced with the problem of how to quantify the greenhouse gases(GhG) emissions, especially the CO_2 emissions, when approval decisions are to be made. Aiming at setting up a carbon accounting protocol within the statutory framework of China's green eco-district planning and construction management system, this paper argues that it is important to incorporate the GhG emission inventory into the statutory regulatory planning system, and discusses the technical issues and coping measures for assessing carbon emissions at the district level. It proposes to refine the Activity Data(AD) and Emission Factors(EF) in the current China's National GhG Inventory and set up the urban district carbon accounting protocol based on nine sectors. These nine emission accounting sectors are established according to the key policy and function as defined in the statutory local regulatory plans under the present planning system in Chinese cities. Taking planning and construction management at the district level as a platform to control carbon emissions, it develops an initial carbon accounting protocol suitable for China's green eco-districts which can be applied in both the existing and planned urban areas, and be integrated into the decision making process of the local planning process.

关键词： carbon accounting green eco-districts low carbon urbanization regulatory planning

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The Shakespeare book

The Shakespeare book

Plasticity of mycangia in Xylosandrus ambrosia beetles

作者： Wells stanley.

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Insect Science 2019年第4期26卷 732-742页

作者： You Li Yong-Ying Ruan Edward L. stanley James Skelton Jiri hulcr School of Forest Resources and Conservation University of Florida Gainesville Florida USA School of Applied Chemistry and Biological Technology Postdoctoral Innovation Practice Base Shenzhen Polytechnic Shenzhen. Guangdong. China Florida Museum of Natural history University of Florida Gainesville Florida USA Entomology and Nematology Department University of Florida Gainesville Florida USA

Insects that depend on microbial mutualists evolved a variety of organs to transport the microsymbionts while dispersing. The ontogeny and variability of such organs is rarely studied, and the microsymbiont*s effects on the animal tissue development remain unknown in most cases. Ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae or Platypodinae) and their mutualistic fungi are an ideal system to study the animalfungus interactions. While the interspecific diversity of their fungus transport organ一 mycangia—is well-known, their developmental plasticity has been poorly described. To determine the ontogeny of the mycangium and the influence of the symbiotic fungus on the tissue development, we dissected by hand or scanned with micro-CT the mycangia in various developmental stages in five Xylosandrus ambrosia beetle species that possess a large, mesonotal mycangium: Xylosandrus amputatus. Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, Xylosandrus discolor, and Xylosandrus germanus. We processed 181 beetle samples from the United States and China. All five species displayed three stages of the mycangium development:(1) young teneral adults had an empty, deflated and cryptic mycangium without fungal mass;(2) in fully mature adults during dispersal, the promesonotal membrane was inflated, and most individuals developed a mycangium mostly filled with the symbiont, though size and symmetry varied;and (3) after successful establishment of their new galleries, most females discharged the bulk of the fun gal inoculum and deflated the mycangium. Experimental aposymbiotic individuals demonstrated that the pronotal membrane invaginated independently of the presence of the fungus, but the fungus was required for inflation. Mycangia are more dynamic than previously thought, and their morphological changes correspond to the phases of the symbiosis. Importantly, studies of the fungal symbionts or plant pathogen transmission in ambrosia beetles need to consider which developmen

关键词： callow micro-CT mycangium symbiont-induced symbiosis teneral

AdS/QCD and Applications of Light-Front holography

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2012年第4期57卷 641-664页

作者： stanley J.Brodsky Guy F.de Téramond CAO Pu-Guang SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Stanford University Stanford CA 94309 USA and CPa-Origins Southern Denmark University Odense Denmark Massey University Palmerston North New Zealand Universidad de Costa Rica San Jose Costa Rica

Light-front holography leads to a rigorous connection between hadronic amplitudes in a higher dimensional anti-de Sitter(AdS) space and frame-independent light-front wavefunctions of hadrons in(3 + 1)-dimensional physical space-time,thus providing a compelling physical interpretation of the AdS/CFT correspondence principle and AdS/QCD,a useful framework which describes the correspondence between theories in a modified AdS 5 background and confining field theories in physical *** a first semiclassical approximation,where quantum loops and quark masses are not included,this approach leads to a single-variable light-front Schro¨dinger equation which determines the eigenspectrum and the light-front wavefunctions of hadrons for general spin and orbital angular *** coordinate z in AdS space is uniquely identified with a Lorentz-invariant coordinate ζ which measures the separation of the constituents within a hadron at equal light-front *** internal structure of hadrons is explicitly introduced and the angular momentum of the constituents plays a key *** give an overview of the light-front holographic approach to strongly coupled *** particular,we study the photon-to-meson transition form factors(TFFs) FMγ(Q 2) for γ→ M using light-front holographic *** results for the TFFs for the η and η ' mesons are also *** novel features of QCD are discussed,including the consequences of confinement for quark and gluon condensates.A method for computing the hadronization of quark and gluon jets at the amplitude level is outlined.

关键词： gauge/gravity correspondence light-front dynamics strongly coupled QCD meson and baryon spectrum meson and nucleon form factors