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生物炭改性策略及其在铬(Ⅵ)污染修复中的研究进展

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分析化学 2024年第3期52卷 323-335页

作者：栗泽红宋慧佳张新月郝旖吴爱茹徐四龙高瑞霞西安交通大学化学学院西安交通大学医学部药学院西安市农机监理与推广总站

六价铬（Cr（Ⅵ））是自然环境中毒性很强的重金属污染物之一，对生态系统构成严重威胁。生物炭是生物质在缺氧条件下热解产生的一种富碳固体物质，因具有比表面积大、孔结构发达和官能团丰富等优点，可作为修复Cr（Ⅵ）污染的高效吸附... 详细信息

六价铬（Cr（Ⅵ））是自然环境中毒性很强的重金属污染物之一，对生态系统构成严重威胁。生物炭是生物质在缺氧条件下热解产生的一种富碳固体物质，因具有比表面积大、孔结构发达和官能团丰富等优点，可作为修复Cr（Ⅵ）污染的高效吸附材料。目前，研究人员主要通过物理改性、化学改性、负载金属改性及生物改性等多种策略进一步增强生物炭对Cr（Ⅵ）的吸附能力。本文综述了近年来生物炭改性的研究进展，系统梳理了不同生物炭改性策略，比较了不同改性策略制备的生物炭对Cr（Ⅵ）污染的修复效率，分析了其作用机制，并对生物炭的改性修饰及其在实际应用中的未来发展方向进行了讨论。

关键词：生物炭改性策略铬(Ⅵ) 吸附机制评述

长大现浇箱梁整体钢筋骨架智能成型与吊装施工工艺技术研究

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工程建设与设计 2024年第15期 166-168页

作者：杨旭韩效坤宋家辉王培森山东省公路桥梁建设集团有限公司济南250014 山东建筑大学济南250101

结合某绕城高速公路黄河特大桥项目中采用的超长移动模架+钢筋骨架智能成型及吊装施工技术,具体阐述钢筋智能成型胎架结构设计和优化措施,从钢筋绑扎、吊点加固、钢筋骨架入模后的质量检查三方面介绍钢筋智能成型胎架结构的加工与现场... 详细信息

结合某绕城高速公路黄河特大桥项目中采用的超长移动模架+钢筋骨架智能成型及吊装施工技术,具体阐述钢筋智能成型胎架结构设计和优化措施,从钢筋绑扎、吊点加固、钢筋骨架入模后的质量检查三方面介绍钢筋智能成型胎架结构的加工与现场拼装工艺。

关键词：大型桥梁工程长大现浇箱梁施工工艺钢筋骨架

Optimization of the co-closing law of guide vanes and blades for bulb turbines based on CFD

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2024年第2期36卷 363-377页

作者： hui Liu Yun-fa Lin Yong-guang Cheng song Xue Mao-jia Tang jian Zhang jia-yi Fan State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management Wuhan UniversityWuhan430072China Dongfang Electric Machinery Co. Ltd.Deyang618000China

The load rejection transient process of bulb turbine units is critical to safety of hydropower stations,and determining appropriate closing laws of guide vanes(GVs)and runner blades(RBs)for this process is of *** this study,we proposed a procedure to optimize the co-closing law of GVs and RBs by using computational fluid dynamics(CFD),combined with the design of experiment(DOE)method,approximation model,and genetic optimization *** sensitivity of closing law parameters on the histories of head,speed,and thrust was analyzed,and a two-stage GVs’closing law associating with a linear RBs’closing law was *** results show that GVs dominate the transient characteristics by controlling the change of *** GVs’first-stage closing speed while shortening first-stage closing time can not only significantly reduce the maximum rotational speed but also suppress the water hammer pressure;slowing GVs’second-stage closing speed is conducive to controlling the maximum reverse axial *** directly affect the runner *** RBs’closing speed can further reduce the rotational speed and the maximum reverse axial *** safety margin of each control parameter,flow patterns,and pressure pulsations of a practical hydropower station were all improved after optimization,demonstrating the effectiveness of this method.

关键词： Bulb turbine load rejection transient process double regulation closing law optimization computational fluid dynamics(CFD)

Inversion method of deflection of the vertical based on SWOT wide-swath altimeter data

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2024年第4期15卷 419-428页

作者： Xin Liu Menghao song Chao Li Guihua hui Jinyun Guo Yongjun jia Heping Sun College of Geodesy and Geomatics Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590China Weicheng Branch of Natural Resources and Planning Bureau of Weifang City Weifang 261021China National Satellite Ocean Application Service Beijing 100081China State Key Laboratoryof Geodesy and Earth's Dynamics Innovation AcademyforPrecision Measurement Science and TechnologyChinese Academy of ScienceWuhan 420071China

The deflection of the vertical(DOV)is the key information in the study of ocean gravity ***,in most areas,the precision of the prime component of DoV is significantly lower than that of the meridian *** obtain higher accuracy and resolution of ocean gravity information,researchers have proposed a novel altimeter called the wide-swath *** altimeter allows for the simultaneous acquisition of high-precision and high-resolution two-dimensional measurements of sea surface height(SSH).In this paper,the Surface Water and Ocean Topography(SWOT)mission with a wide-swath altimeter on board is selected for *** cycle of swoT sea surface height data is simulated to inverse the DOV in the Arabian Sea(45°E—80°E,0°-30°N),and the inversion results are compared with those of conventional altimeter *** results demonstrate that the difference between the meridian and prime components derived from the inversion of swoT wide-swath data is minimal,significantly outperforming the inversion results of conventional nadir altimeter *** advantage of swoT wide-swath altimeter lies in its ability to use the multi-directional geoid slope at any sea surface measurement point to invert the components in the meridian and prime *** investigate the impact of this advantage on inversion precision,this paper employs a method to calculate the gradient of the geoid in multiple directions to invert DoV *** improvement effect of calculating the gradient of the geoid in multiple directions on the precision of DoV component is *** is found that the accuracy of DoV inversion has significantly improved with the increase of geodetic gradient calculation *** addition,the effects of various errors and grid spacing in SwoT wide sea surface height data on the precision of Dov inversion are also analyzed.

关键词： SWOT Wide-swath altimeter Inversion method of Dov Multi-directional Arabian sea

Nanoscale Reorganization of Glutamate Receptors Underlies Synaptic Plasticity and Pathology

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第6期40卷 840-844页

作者： jia-hui Chen Ai-hui Tang Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and DiseaseNeurodegenerative Disorder Research Center and Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui ProvinceUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230027China Institute of Artificial Intelligence Hefei Comprehensive National Science CenterHefei230088China

Excitatory synapses serve as the primary sites for information transmission between neurons in the *** work over the past decades has identified and revealed multiple compositions and functions of the synaptic proteome in the postsynaptic density(PSD),including receptors,scaffold proteins,and signaling molecules,which work together to ensure stable and effective synaptic transmission.

关键词： Receptor scale Glutamate

Preparation and characterization of high-reactivity explosive-based nano-boron microspheres

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Particuology 2024年第10期93卷 125-136页

作者： Chen Dong Yi Wang Kanghui jia Dan song Xiaolan song Chongwei An School of Materials Science and Engineering North University of ChinaTaiyuan030051China Jinxi Group Shanxi jiangyang Chemical Co. Ltd.Taiyuan030051China China Ordnance Institute of Science and Technology Beijing100089China School of Environment and Safety Engineering North University of ChinaTaiyuan030051China

Boron nanoparticles,with their remarkably high gravimetric and volumetric calorific values,emerge as the most promising fuel in energetic ***,challenges such as susceptibility to oxidation,high ignition temperature,and low combustion efficiency have constrained their further *** this study,we fabricated high explosives based nano-boron microspheres with uniform size using the electrostatic spray method,in which the boron nanoparticles and high explosives(CL-20 or PETN)are closely bonded together by fluorinated polymer(F2602)and evenly *** results indicated that the microspheres exhibited high sphericity and showed an enhanced antioxidant *** addition of high-energy explosives not only reduced the thermal oxidation temperature of nano-boron powder within the microspheres but also significantly enhanced the pressurization ***,the microspheres with added high-energy explosives released more energy during the combustion *** to physically mixed samples,electrostatically sprayed microspheres with a uniform microstructure still exhibited higher ***,the design and synthesis of microspheres with controllable structures using the electrostatic spray method show promising application prospects.

关键词： Nano-boron CL-20 PETN Electrospraying Ignition and combustion

Effect of Low-temperature Imidization on Properties and Aggregation Structures of Polyimide Films with Different Rigidity

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第8期42卷 1134-1146页

作者： Yan jia Lei Zhai song Mo Yi Liu Li-Xin Liu Xin-Yu Du Min-hui He Lin Fan Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on High-tech Polymer Materials Institute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Chemical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

The traditional high-temperature preparation process of polyimide can cause many problems and limits the wider application in extreme *** important challenge to be solved urgently is the reduction of imidization *** this work,twelve kinds of polyimide films with different chain rigidity were prepared at low temperature of 200℃,in the absence or presence of imidazole used as the *** molecular rigidity and free volume were theoretically calculated,and relationship between structure and properties were systematically *** results show that imidization reaction under low temperatures is significantly affected by the rigidity of molecula r *** rigid structure of polyimide is not conducive to the low-temperature imidization,but this adverse effect can be eliminated by adding catalyst,resulting the notably increased imidization *** optical and thermal properties can be improved to a certain extent for the chemically catalyzed system,resulting in relatively higher heat resistance and thermal *** the mechanical performance could be determined by com plicating factors,greatly different from polyimide films prepa red by high temperature *** investigate aggregation structures of film s,the effect of chain rigidity and catalyst on the stacking or orientation of molecular chains was further *** wo rk can contribute to the understanding of chemically catalyzed imidization that is rarely reported in the existing research,and will provide guidance for the low-temperature preparation of high-performance polyimides.

关键词： Polyimide Imidization Catalyst Structure and properties Aggregation structures

Design of acceleration control schedule for adaptive cycle engine based on direct simulation model

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第6期37卷 307-318页

作者： Keran song Linyuan jia Yuchun CHEN Tian TAN School of Power and Energy Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China

To design the optimum acceleration control schedule for the Adaptive Cycle Engine(ACE)in the full flight envelope,this paper establishes a direct simulation model of the ACE transient *** this model,geometric parameters are used to replace the component state *** corresponding relationship between geometric parameters and component state parameters is determined by sensitivity *** geometric variables are controlled when the geometric adjustment speed exceeds the limit,and at the same time the corresponding component state parameters are *** gradient optimization algorism is used to optimize the ground acceleration process of ACE,and the control schedule in terms of operating point of compression components and corrected acceleration rate is used as the full-envelope acceleration control schedule based on the similarity *** acceleration control schedules of the triple-bypass mode and the double-bypass mode are designed in this *** acceleration processes under various flight conditions are simulated using the acceleration control *** with the acceleration process with the linear geometric adjustment schedule,the acceleration performance of ACE is improved by the acceleration control schedule,with the impulse of the acceleration process of the triple-bypass mode being increased by 8.7%-12.3% and the impulse of the double-bypass mode acceleration process being increased by 11.8%-14.1%.

关键词： Adaptive Cycle Engine(ACE) Direct simulation method Acceleration Control schedule Full flight envelope

Noninvasive beam diagnosis based on the TM_(010)mode

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第7期35卷 115-125页

作者： Chuang-Ye song Wen-hui Huang Department of Engineering Physics Tsinghua University BeijingBeijing100084China of Education Beijing100084China

A resonant cavity based on the TM_(010)mode is an effective tool for noninvasive beam characterization. This technique has the advantages of a high signal-to-noise ratio, compact structure, and is related to multiple parameters compared with other beam monitors. In this study, high-precision measurements of the bunch charge, arrival time, bunch length, and energy parameters based on the TM_(010)mode are discussed. A cavity beam arrival time monitor(BAM) utilizing a phase cavity has been widely used in many facilities. Regarding bunch-length measurements, the influence of the beam energy, beam offset,and longitudinal spectrum on the TM_(010)mode are carefully considered to reduce errors, and the theoretical resolution of two cavities with different frequencies is analyzed. Owing to the dependence of the beam velocity of the beam loss factor, this method can also be used for the detection low beam energy using two cavities with the same frequency but different cavity lengths. A set of three cavities with different lengths and frequencies of 1.902 and 11.424 GHz is presented for measuring the four aforementioned parameters.

关键词： TM_(010)mode Noninvasive diagnosis Beam length Low energy