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基础统计热力学解题方法

1989年

作者：（美）史密斯（smith n.O.）鲍银堂译

本书以解题方式阐述了统计热力学的基本原理和应用，内容浅要，结构严谨，阐述简明，引用了许多例题，每章末有许多习题并附有习题解答。

ISBN: (纸本)704000285X

本书以解题方式阐述了统计热力学的基本原理和应用，内容浅要，结构严谨，阐述简明，引用了许多例题，每章末有许多习题并附有习题解答。

关键词：统计热力学学科:解题学科:高等教育

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α-磺基甲酯——一种新的代用物

日用化学工业译丛 1990年第3期 1-5页

作者： n.R.smith 金郁静

随着洗涤习惯从手洗、原始机洗到现代机洗的转变,表面活性剂化学家有许多原料选择,在所有使用洗涤剂的其他方面也发生了类似的变化。表面活性剂的主要类型为阴离子、非离子、阳离子和两性,这些表面活性剂以某种形式用于民用、工业用清... 详细信息

随着洗涤习惯从手洗、原始机洗到现代机洗的转变,表面活性剂化学家有许多原料选择,在所有使用洗涤剂的其他方面也发生了类似的变化。表面活性剂的主要类型为阴离子、非离子、阳离子和两性,这些表面活性剂以某种形式用于民用、工业用清洗剂和洗涤剂。

关键词：表面活性剂洗涤剂磺基甲酯

Cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness associations with older adolescent cognitive control

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2021年第1期10卷 82-90,I0001页

作者： Tatsuya T.Shigeta Angus A.Leahy Jordan J.smith narelle Eather David R.Lubans Charles H.Hillman Department of Psychology Northeastern UniversityBostonMA 02115USA Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and nutrition School of EducationUniversity of NewcastleCallaghanNSW 2308Australia Department of Physical Therapy Movement&Rehabilitation SciencesNortheastern UniversityBostonMA 02131USA

Background:Participation in physical activity supports greater cardiorespiratory fitness(CRF),a correlate of cognitive ***,the relationship between muscular fitness(MF)and cognitive control is less *** present study investigated the differential relationship of CRF and MF with cognitive control in older ***:This cross-sectional study involved students(1517 years old,n=541,43%female)from 20 secondary schools who completed tests of inhibition(modified flanker task),working memory(n-back task),CRF(Progressive Aerobic Cardiovascular Endurance Run),and MF(standing long jump and push-up test).Multilevel analyses tested the association between CRF or MF and cognitive outcomes while accounting for the influence of the other fitness variable and relevant demographic ***:CRF predicted response accuracy during incongruent flanker trials,the condition requiring greater *** the working memory task,CRF predicted greater target accuracy and greater d’scores on the 1-back task,requiring lesser amounts of working *** the 2-back task,which requires greater amounts of working memory,CRF also predicted greater target and non-target accuracy and d’***,MF did not predict any cognitive outcomes after adjustment for ***:CRF was selectively related to better performance during task conditions that require greater amounts of inhibition and working *** finding suggests that CRF,but not MF,may benefit cognitive control in older *** selective influence of CRF on older adolescents’cognition highlights the value of aerobic physical activity.

关键词： Adolescence Cognition Physical activity Physical fitness

Exploring the percentage of COVID-19 cases reported in the community in Canada and associated case fatality ratios

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2021年第1期6卷 123-132页

作者： Brendan P.Dougherty Ben A.smith Carolee A.Carson nicholas H.Ogden Centre for Food-borne and Environmental Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Public Health Agency of Canada370 Speedvale Ave W.GuelphONN1H 7M7Canada Public Health Risk Sciences Division National Microbiology LaboratoryPublic Health Agency of Canada370 Speedvale Ave W.GuelphONN1H 7M7Canada Public Health Risk Sciences Division National Microbiology LaboratoryPublic Health Agency of CanadaSt.HyacintheQCJ2S 2M2Canada

While surveillance can identify changes in COVID-19 transmission patterns over time and space,sections of the population at risk,and the efficacy of public health measures,reported cases of COVID-19 are generally understood to only capture a subset of the actual number of *** primary objective was to estimate the percentage of cases reported in the general community,considered as those that occurred outside of long-term care facilities(LTCFs),in specific provinces and Canada as a *** applied a methodology using the delay-adjusted case fatality ratio(CFR)to all cases and deaths,as well as those representing the general *** second objective was to assess whether the assumed CFR(mean=1.38%)was appropriate for calculating underestimation of cases in *** were developed for the period from March 11th,2020 to September 16th,*** of the percentage of cases reported(PrCR)and CFR varied spatially and temporally across *** the majority of provinces,and for Canada as a whole,the PrCR increased through the early stages of the *** estimated PrCR in general community settings for all of Canada increased from 18.1%to 69.0%throughout the entire study *** were greater when considering only those data from outside of *** estimated upper bound CFR in general community settings for all of Canada decreased from 9.07%on March 11th,2020 to 2.00%on September 16th,***,the true CFR in the general community in Canada was likely less than 2%on September *** to our analysis,some provinces,such as Alberta,Manitoba,newfoundland and Labrador,nova Scotia,and Saskatchewan reported a greater percentage of cases as of September 16th,compared to British Columbia,Ontario,and *** could be due to differences in testing rates and criteria,demographics,socioeconomic factors,race,and access to healthcare among the *** investigation into these factors could reveal differences among provinc

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 Underestimation Coronavirus disease Long term care facilities Case fatality ratio

new early Eocene vertebrate assemblage from western India reveals a mixed fauna of European and Gondwana affinities

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Geoscience Frontiers 2016年第6期7卷 969-1001页

作者： Thierry smith Kishor Kumar Rajendra S.Rana Annelise Folie Floreal Sole Corentin noiret Thomas Steeman Ashok Sahni Kenneth D.Rose Directorate Earth and History of Life Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences29 rue VautierB-1000BrusselsBelgium Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology 33 General Mahadeo Singh RoadDehradun248001UttarakhandIndia Department of Geology H.N.B.Garhwal UniversitySrinagar246175UttarakhandIndia Scientific Heritage Survey Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences29 rue VautierB-1000BrusselsBelgium Department of Geology University of Namur61 rue de BruxellesB-5000NamurBelgium Research Unit Palaeontology Ghent UniversityKrijgslaan 28158B-9000GhentBelgium Centre of Advanced Study in Geology Panjab UniversityChandigarh160014India Center for Functional Anatomy and Evolution Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD21205USA

The Ypresian Cambay Shale Formation at Vastan and Mangrol lignite mines in Gujarat, western India, has yielded a rich vertebrate fauna with numerous taxa of European affinities. Here we report a new, approximately contemporary vertebrate assemblage from two fossiliferous layers in the nearby mine of Tadkeshwar. These layers have yielded a similar mammal fauna with the co-occurrence of the perissodactyl-like cambaytheriid Cambaytherium thewissi, the adapoid primates Marcgodinotius indicus and cf. Asiadapis cambayensis, and the hyaenodontid lndohyaenodon raoi. The presence of these species in both Vastan and Tadkeshwar mines and at different levels suggests that the deposits between the two major lignite seams represent a single land mammal age. Apart from the aforementioned species there is a new, smaller species of Cambaytherium, and a new genus and species of esthonychid tillodont. This fauna also contains the first large early Eocene vertebrates from India, including an unidentified Coryphodon-like pantodont, a dyrosaurid crocodyliform and a new giant madtsoiid snake. Among the Tadkeshwar vertebrates several taxa are of Gondwana affinities, such as Pelomedusoides turtles, dyr- osaurids, and large madtsoiids, attesting that the early Eocene was a crucial period in India during which Laurasian taxa of European affinities co-existed with relict taxa from Gondwana before the India-Asia collision. Our results suggest that terrestrial faunas could have dispersed to or from Europe during episodes of contact between the Indian subcontinent and different island blocks along the northern margin of the neotethys, such as the Kohistan Ladakh island-arc system. Gondwana taxa might represent remnants of ghost lineages shared with Madagascar, which reached the Indian subcontinent during the late Cretaceous; alternatively they might have come from north Africa and passed along the southern margin of the neotethys to reach the Indian subcontinent. These dispersals would have been

关键词： Vertebrates Snakes Mammals Primates Cambay Shale Formation Ypresian

Molecular detection of Helicobacter pylori antibiotic resistance in stool vs biopsy samples

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第41期22卷 9214-9221页

作者： Denise E Brennan Joseph Omorogbe Mary Hussey Donal Tighe Grainne Holleran Colm O'Morain Sinéad M smith Deirdre Mcnamara Department of Clinical Medicine School of Medicine Trinity College Dublin School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Trinity College Dublin

AIM To compare(1) demographics in urea breath test(UBT) vs endoscopy patients; and(2) the molecular detection of antibiotic resistance in stool vs biopsy *** Six hundred and sixteen adult patients undergoing endoscopy or a UBT were prospectively recruited to the study. The Geno Type Helico DR assay was used to detect Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) and antibiotic resistance using biopsy and/or stool samples from CLOpositive endoscopy patients and stool samples from UBT-positive patients. RESULTS Infection rates were significantly higher in patients referred for a UBT than endoscopy(overall rates: 33% vs 19%; treatment-na?ve patients: 33% vs 14.7%, respectively). H. pylori-infected UBT patients were younger than H. pylori-infected endoscopy patients(41.4 vs 48.4 years, respectively, P ntage of H. pylori-infected males in the endoscopy-compared to the UBT-cohort(52.6% vs 33.3%, P = 0.03). The Geno Type Helico DR assay was more accurate at detecting H. pylori infection using biopsy samples than stool samples [98.2%(n = 54/55) vs 80.3%(n =53/66), P nalysis using stool and biopsy samples from CLO-positive endoscopy patients revealed a higher detection rate ofresistance-associated mutations using stool samples compared to biopsies. The concordance rates between stool and biopsy samples for the detection of H. pylori DnA, clarithromycin and fluoroquinolone resistance were just 85%, 53% and 35%, respectively. COnCLUSIOn Differences between endoscopy and UBT patients provide a rationale for non-invasive detection of H. pylori antibiotic resistance. However, the Geno Type Helico DR assay is an unsuitable approach.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Antibiotic resistance Clarithromycin Fluoroquinolone Molecular methods

Thrust producing mechanisms in ray-inspired underwater vehicle propulsion

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Theoretical & Applied Mechanics Letters 2015年第1期5卷 54-57页

作者： Geng Liu Yan Ren Jianzhong Zhu Hilary Bart-smith Haibo Dong Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of Virginia

This paper describes a computational study of the hydrodynamics of a ray-inspired underwater vehicle conducted concurrently with experimental measurements. High-resolution stereo-videos of the vehicle＇s fin motions during steady swimming are obtained and used as a foundation for developing a high fidelity geometrical model of the oscillatory fin. A Cartesian grid based immersed boundary solver is used to examine the flow fields produced due to these complex artificial pectoral fin kinematics. Simulations are carried out at a smaller Reynolds number in order to examine the hydrodynamic performance and understand the resultant wake topology. Results show that the vehicle＇s fins experience large spanwise inflexion of the distal part as well as moderate chordwise pitching during the oscillatory motion. Most thrust force is generated by the distal part of the fin, and it is highly correlated with the spanwise inflexion. Two sets of inter-connected vortex rings are observed in the wake right behind each fin. Those vortex rings induce strong backward flow jets which are mainly responsible for the fin thrust generation.

关键词： HydrodynamicsBio-inspired autonomous underwater vehicleComputational fluid dynamicsVortex dynamics

Electron transfer mediator PCn secreted by aerobic marine Pseudomonas aeruginosa accelerates microbiologically influenced corrosion of TC4 titanium alloy

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第20期79卷 101-108页

作者： Dan Liu Hongying Yang Jianhui Li Jiaqi Li Yizhe Dong Chuntian Yang Yuting Jin Lekbach Yassir Zhong Li David Hernandez Dake Xu Fuhui Wang Jessica A.smith Hebei Key Laboratory of Material near-net Forming Technology Hebei University of Science and TechnologyShijiazhuang050018China Shenyang national Laboratory for Materials Science Northeastern UniversityShenyang110819China School of Metallurgy Northeastern UniversityShenyang110819China Department of Biomolecular Sciences Central Connecticut State University1615 Stanley StreetNew Britain06050USA

Titanium alloys possess excellent corrosion resistance in marine environments,thus the possibility of their corrosion caused by marine microorganisms is *** this work,microbiologically influenced corrosion(MIC)of TC4 titanium alloy caused by marine Pseudomonas aeruginosa was investigated through electrochemical and surface characterizations during a 14-day immersion *** revealed that the unstable surface caused by *** resulted in exposure of Ti_(2)O_(3) and severe pitting corrosion with maximum pit depth of 5.7μm after 14 days of ***-1-carboxylate(PCn),secreted by ***,promoted extracellular electron transfer(EET)and accelerated *** of the phzH gene,which codes for the enzyme that catalyzes PCn production,from the *** genome,resulted in significantly decreased rates of *** results demonstrate that TC4 titanium alloy is not immune to marine MIC,and EET contributes to the corrosion of TC4 titanium alloy caused by ***.

关键词： Titanium alloy Microbiologically influenced corrosion Pseudomonas aeruginosa Extracellular electron transfer Phenazine-1-carboxylate Genetic modification

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球铁铁水取样的若干注意事项

现代铸铁 1982年第2期 32-33页

作者： R.n.smith 张培林

按熔炼过程控制成分的要求,将代表炉子熔炼状况的铁水浇入专用的铸型内,以获取白口园片、针状试样、金相试块、热分析试样和试棒或基尔试块。从球铁铁水取得的试样比铸体上取得的更能代表铁水的平均成分,但必须彻底清除熔渣、氧化皮和... 详细信息

按熔炼过程控制成分的要求,将代表炉子熔炼状况的铁水浇入专用的铸型内,以获取白口园片、针状试样、金相试块、热分析试样和试棒或基尔试块。从球铁铁水取得的试样比铸体上取得的更能代表铁水的平均成分,但必须彻底清除熔渣、氧化皮和夹杂物。重量等于或小于200克的试样,实际上供分析用的仅是其中一小部分(光谱分析

关键词：铁水代表浇包取样勺试棒熔融金属铁水包球铁型芯涂料