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Ultrastructural Pathologic Observation on the Gut-Associated Lymphoid Tissues of Sacculus Rotundus of Rabbits Infected with Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease Virus

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2003年第4期2卷 446-453页

作者： sherui-ping YANGHan-chun JIAJun-zheng LIUHai-hong MAYi-xin ItakuraC CollegeofAnimalMedicine ChinaAgriculturalUniversityBeijing100094P.R.China VeterinaryFaculty HokkaidoUniversitySapttoro062Japan

Ultrastructural pathological changes in the gut-associated lymphoid tissues of sacculus rotundus (SR) of rabbits infected with rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) were first observed. There were numerous holes at the luminal and basement membrane surfaces of the dome epithelium (DE), consistently accompanied by necrosis of lymphocytes and M-cells, and pronounced depletion of lymphocytes in the domes and follicles, decrease of DE complex with formation of pseudomembranous structure on the surface of the dome epithelium. A specific finding in lymphocytes and macrophages was that severe destruction detraction of the membrane of rough endoplasmic reticulum(RER) was accompanied by conspicious increase of solitary, ribo-some-like particles in the cytoplasm, with appearances of intranuclear particles and intranuclear inclusions. It was found that there were many round and dense virion-like particles, with 26 nm in diameter, in the nuclei and cytoplasm of lymphoctes, plasma cells, macrophages and fibroblasts, or in degenerated cells and cellular debris. At the same time, another round virion-like particles about 34 nm in diameter were also seen in the cytoplasm of some cells and interstitium. The results indicated that the appearances of the ribosome-like particles, virion-like particles and inclusion bodies were related to the replication and assembly of RHDV. The present observations suggested that DE of sacculus rotundus could be a open pathway and a transporting route for the entry of antigens into hosts. While the antigen is profoundly deleterious, DE may be as a closed portal or a barrier preventing the foreign antigenic materials from invading.

关键词： Succulus rotundus Rabbit haemorrhagic disease M-cells Dome epithelium Ultrastructural pathological changes

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Acute and chronic excitotoxicity in ischemic stroke and late-onset Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1981-1988页

作者： Shan ping Yu Emily Choi Michael QJiang Ling Wei Department of Anesthesiology Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Center for Visual and Neurocognitive Rehabilitation Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical CenterDecaturGAUSA

Stroke and Alzheimer's disease are common neurological disorders and often occur in the same *** comorbidity of the two neurological disorders represents a grave health threat to older *** review presents a brief background of the development of novel concepts and their clinical *** activity of glutamatergic N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-mediated Ca^(2+)influx is critical for neuronal *** ischemic insult induces prompt and excessive glutamate release and drastic increases of intracellular Ca^(2+)mainly via N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors,particularly of those at the extrasynaptic *** Ca^(2+)-evoked neuronal cell death in the ischemic core is dominated by necrosis within a few hours and days known as acute ***,mild but sustained Ca^(2+)increases under neurodegenerative conditions such as in the distant penumbra of the ischemic brain and early stages of Alzheimer's disease are not immediately toxic,but gradually set off deteriorating Ca^(2+)-dependent signals and neuronal cell loss mostly because of activation of programmed cell death *** on the Ca^(2+)hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease and recent advances,this Ca^(2+)-activated“silent”degenerative excitotoxicity evolves from years to decades and is recognized as a unique slow and chronic *** N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit GluN3A,primarily at the extrasynaptic site,serves as a gatekeeper for the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activity and is neuroprotective against both acute and chronic *** stroke and Alzheimer's disease,therefore,share an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-and Ca^(2+)-mediated mechanism,although with much different time *** is thus proposed that early interventions to control Ca^(2+)homeostasis at the preclinical stage are pivotal for individuals who are susceptible to sporadic late-onset Alzheimer's disease and Alzheimer's disease-related

关键词： Ca^(2+)hypothesis cognitive deficits hyperactivity late-onset Alzheimer's disease neurodegeneration N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunits pathogenesis preventive treatment

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All electrical switching of 2D multiferroic heterostructure

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Science China Materials 2025年

作者： Kian ping Loh Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore

The emergence of generative artificial intelligence (AI) has catalyzed a new wave of intelligence development,resulting in significant growth in computing capabilities and intensifying competition for advanced computational ***-Memory computing based on magnetic random-access memory (MRAM)offers advantages such as high speed and low power consumption is primed for enabling high-performance AI computing[1–6].

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Structural Modal Parameter Recognition and Related Damage Identification Methods under Environmental Excitations: A Review

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Structural Durability & Health Monitoring 2025年第1期19卷 25-54页

作者： Chao Zhang Shang-Xi Lai Hua-ping Wang School of Civil Engineering and Mechanics Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou730000China Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials and Structural Design Ministry of EducationLanzhou UniversityLanzhou730000China

Modal parameters can accurately characterize the structural dynamic properties and assess the physical state of the ***,it is particularly signiﬁcant to identify the structural modal parameters according to the monitoring data information in the structural health monitoring(SHM)system,so as to provide a scientiﬁc basis for structural damage identiﬁcation and dynamic model modiﬁ*** view of this,this paper reviews methods for identifying structural modal parameters under environmental excitation and brieﬂy describes how to identify structural damages based on the derived modal *** paper primarily introduces data-driven modal parameter recognition methods(e.g.,time-domain,frequency-domain,and time-frequency-domain methods,etc.),brieﬂy describes damage identiﬁcation methods based on the variations of modal parameters(e.g.,natural frequency,modal shapes,and curvature modal shapes,etc.)and modal validation methods(e.g.,Stability Diagram and Modal Assurance Criterion,etc.).The current status of the application of artiﬁcial intelligence(AI)methods in the direction of modal parameter recognition and damage identiﬁcation is further *** on the pre-vious analysis,the main development trends of structural modal parameter recognition and damage identiﬁcation methods are given to provide scientiﬁc references for the optimized design and functional upgrading of SHM systems.

关键词： Structural health monitoring data information modal parameters damage identiﬁcation AI method

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Gut microbiota-astrocyte axis: new insights into age-related cognitive decline

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 990-1008页

作者： Lan Zhang Jingge Wei Xilei Liu Dai Li Xiaoqi Pang Fanglian Chen Hailong Cao ping Lei Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem Department of GeriatricsTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina Tianjin Geriatrics Institute Tianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Tianjin Medical University General HospitalNational Key Clinical SpecialtyTianjin Institute of Digestive DiseasesTianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive DiseasesTianjinChina Department of Urology Tianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina Tianjin Neurological Institution Tianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina

With the rapidly aging human population,age-related cognitive decline and dementia are becoming increasingly prevalent *** is considered the main risk factor for cognitive decline and acts through alterations in the composition of the gut microbiota,microbial metabolites,and the functions of *** microbiota–gut–brain axis has been the focus of multiple studies and is closely associated with cognitive *** article provides a comprehensive review of the specific changes that occur in the composition of the gut microbiota and microbial metabolites in older individuals and discusses how the aging of astrocytes and reactive astrocytosis are closely related to age-related cognitive decline and neurodegenerative *** article also summarizes the gut microbiota components that affect astrocyte function,mainly through the vagus nerve,immune responses,circadian rhythms,and microbial ***,this article summarizes the mechanism by which the gut microbiota–astrocyte axis plays a role in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s *** findings have revealed the critical role of the microbiota–astrocyte axis in age-related cognitive decline,aiding in a deeper understanding of potential gut microbiome-based adjuvant therapy strategies for this condition.

关键词： age aging Alzheimer’s disease astrocytes cognitive decline dementia gut microbiota gut–brain axis microbial metabolites neuroinflammation Parkinson’s disease

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A promising approach for quantifying focal stroke modeling and assessing stroke progression:optical resolution photoacoustic microscopy photothrombosis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 2029-2037页

作者： Xiao Liang Xingping Quan Xiaorui Geng Yujing Huang Yonghua Zhao Lei Xi Zhen Yuan ping Wang Bin Liu Faculty of Health Sciences University of MacaoMacao Special Administrative RegionChina Center for Cognitive and Brain Sciences University of MacaoMacao Special Administrative RegionChina Department of Biomedical Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenGuangdong ProvinceChina State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine Institute of Chinese Medical SciencesUniversity of MacaoTaipaMacao Special Administrative RegionChina Department of Emergency Zhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina

To investigate the mechanisms underlying the onset and progression of ischemic stroke,some methods have been proposed that can simultaneously monitor and create embolisms in the animal cerebral ***,these methods often require complex systems and the effect of age on cerebral embolism has not been adequately studied,although ischemic stroke is strongly *** this study,we propose an optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy-based visualized photothrombosis methodology to create and monitor ischemic stroke in mice simultaneously using a 532 nm pulsed *** observed the molding process in mice of different ages and presented age-dependent vascular embolism ***,we integrated optical coherence tomography angiography to investigate age-associated trends in cerebrovascular variability following a *** imaging data and quantitative analyses underscore the differential cerebrovascular responses to stroke in mice of different ages,thereby highlighting the technique's potential for evaluating cerebrovascular health and unraveling age-related mechanisms involved in ischemic strokes.

关键词： age-dependent cerebral cortex ischemic stroke mouse model optical coherence tomography angiography photoacoustic microscopy photothrombosis vascular imaging

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Human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural stem cell exosomes improve blood-brain barrier function after intracerebral hemorrhage by activating astrocytes via PI3K/AKT/MCP-1 axis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 518-532页

作者： Conglin Wang Fangyuan Cheng Zhaoli Han Bo Yan Pan Liao Zhenyu Yin Xintong Ge Dai Li Rongrong Zhong Qiang Liu Fanglian Chen ping Lei Department of Geriatrics Tianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina School of Medicine Nankai UniversityTianjinChina Tianjin Neurological Institute TianjinChina

Cerebral edema caused by blood-brain barrier injury after intracerebral hemorrhage is an important factor leading to poor ***-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural stem cell exosomes(hiPSC-NSC-Exos)have shown potential for brain injury repair in central nervous system *** this study,we explored the impact of hiPSC-NSC-Exos on blood-brain barrier preservation and the underlying *** results indicated that intranasal delivery of hiPSC-NSC-Exos mitigated neurological deficits,enhanced blood-brain barrier integrity,and reduced leukocyte infiltration in a mouse model of intracerebral ***,hiPSC-NSC-Exos decreased immune cell infiltration,activated astrocytes,and decreased the secretion of inflammatory cytokines like monocyte chemoattractant protein-1,macrophage inflammatory protein-1α,and tumor necrosis factor-αpost-intracerebral hemorrhage,thereby improving the inflammatory *** sequencing indicated that hiPSC-NSC-Exo activated the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in astrocytes and decreased monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 secretion,thereby improving blood-brain barrier *** with the PI3K/AKT inhibitor LY294002 or the monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 neutralizing agent C1142 abolished these *** summary,our findings suggest that hiPSC-NSC-Exos maintains blood-brain barrier integrity,in part by downregulating monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 secretion through activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in astrocytes.

关键词： AKT astrocyte blood-brain barrier cerebral edema exosomes human-induced pluripotent stem cells intracerebral hemorrhage neural stem cells neuroinflammation PI3K

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Stable copper boron–imidazolate cage as Cu-riched enzyme for highly efficient electrocatalytic CO2 reduction to ethylene

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Jun-Qiang Chen Qiao-Hong Li Qin-Long Hong ping Shao Hai-Xia Zhang Jian Zhang State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences

Single-atom catalyst has garnered widespread attention to mimic mature enzymes due to its well-defined atomic structure and coordination environments. However, since the carbon–carbon（C–C） coupling reactions require synergistic catalysis of multiple sites, single-atom catalysts suffer from insufficient active sites and unclear reaction mechanisms. Controlling the reaction intermediates in a precisely targeted pocket through careful metal–organic cage design is therefore crucial. Here, we prepare a tetrahedral [Cu6L4]-type boron–imidazolate cage integrating highly active Cu sites and optimized cavity, which exhibits enzyme like specific catalytic performance in electrochemical CO2reduction reaction（CO2RR） to enhance the selectivity of *** analyses and computational calculations suggest that the single Cu site together with neighboring boron–imidazolate ligands provides suitably synergistic effects that enable the energetically favorable formation of an *COCHO intermediate, a key step determining selectivity. As a result, the [Cu6L4]-type cage of BIC-145 achieves a Faradaic efficiency of 28% for C2H4maintaining an average current density of -3.54 mA cm-2over a 5-hour electrolysis period. This work represents the first example for studying single-metal site catalysts with ultra-low coordination numbers through the rational design of metal–organic cages.

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绿色金融是否提高了地方政府对数字经济的注意力?--基于政策文本分析

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生态经济 2025年第1期41卷 106-113,131页

作者：黄平贵州商学院经济与金融学院贵州贵阳550000

在有限理性决策者的注意力稀缺性理论下,地方政策的变化取决于地方政府注意力的变动。反之,地方政府注意力是否取决于其他相关政策的变化?论文挖掘2019—2021年我国30个省级地方政府政策文本数据,用文本中词频反映地方政府在数字经济倾... 详细信息

在有限理性决策者的注意力稀缺性理论下,地方政策的变化取决于地方政府注意力的变动。反之,地方政府注意力是否取决于其他相关政策的变化?论文挖掘2019—2021年我国30个省级地方政府政策文本数据,用文本中词频反映地方政府在数字经济倾注的“注意力”,并应用fsQCA方法探究绿色金融发展是否引起地方政府向数字经济倾注高注意力。研究结论如下:(1)地方政府对数字经济注意力存在“南强北弱”的区域特征。(2)当绿色投资或绿色支持得到发展时,地方政府通过数字技术的应用帮助监测和评估环保项目的效果,实现环境保护、污染治理,助推地方政府向数字经济投入高注意力。(3)当绿色债券和绿色基金同时发展时,作为融资工具,能够有效帮助实体企业获取资金,助力“双碳”,但受公共物品特征影响,很难被反映在企业利润中。并且,绿色债券和绿色基金所应用到的数字手段有限,较难引起高注意力。(4)当绿色金融各个方面发展较弱时,仅绿色债券、绿色权益所能调动的数字技术是不足的,不会促进地方政府向数字经济投入更高注意力。总之,分析绿色金融是否助推地方政府向数字经济投入注意力,对于探索绿色金融和数字经济协同发展路径具有重要意义。

关键词：绿色金融数字经济注意力 fsQCA方法

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人工智能文生视频大模型Sora对科技伦理的冲击及应对

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新疆师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版） 2025年第1期46卷 142-148页

作者：曹贤平南昌工程学院马克思主义学院江西南昌330099

Sora的推出是人类社会发展和人工智能进步的标志性事件,凸显出生成式人工智能的强大功能。Sora的爆火离不开规模化数据、先进算法和规模化算力,其内在运行机制紧扣文本输入、文本编码、视频生成和视频输出的基本逻辑,在人类社会具有广... 详细信息

Sora的推出是人类社会发展和人工智能进步的标志性事件,凸显出生成式人工智能的强大功能。Sora的爆火离不开规模化数据、先进算法和规模化算力,其内在运行机制紧扣文本输入、文本编码、视频生成和视频输出的基本逻辑,在人类社会具有广阔应用前景。但Sora在技术更迭和运用过程中可能给科技伦理带来诸如冲击人的主体性地位、导致人们认知的混乱性、冲击伦理规则的适用性、冲击数字隐私伦理并造成数字歧视等风险。因此,要坚持以人为本,运用技术手段增强Sora的数据筛选力度和敏捷治理效度,防止数据泄露和侵犯隐私,进行伦理设计实现科技伦理与时俱进,辅之必要的教育培训,以此提升全民运用人工智能技术的能力。

关键词： Sora 生成式人工智能科技伦理

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