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Rice science 2024年第3期31卷 237-240,I0002-I0007页

作者： WANG Haoyu LI Su YANG Jibo HUANG Jing ZHU Xiaofang shen renfang ZENG Dali College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences Zhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhou 311300China State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of ScienceNanjing 210008China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Although putrescine(PUT)has been linked to plants'responses to cadmium(Cd)stress,the exact mechanism is still *** the current investigation,the endogenous PUT concentration in rice roots was enhanced by Cd *** PUT increased root cell wall hemicellulose levels,which in turn increased its Cd binding capacity,concurrently decreasing the transcription level of genes such as OsNRAMP1 and OsCd1 that are responsible for root Cd *** a result。

关键词： absorption roots cadmium

Cell Wall Fixation,Translocation,and Vacuolar Detoxification of Cadmium Contribute to Differential Grain Cadmium Accumulation in Two Rice Cultivars

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Rice science 2024年第3期31卷 241-244,I0008-I0010页

作者： ZHU Xiaofang ZHAO Ling HUANG Jing HE Jiatong SONG Jiayin TENG Ying shen renfang State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of ScienceNanjing 210008China State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture Zhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhou 311300China

Cadmium(Cd)toxicity in rice is a major concern for human health and the environment,as it can accumulate in rice grains when grown in Cd-contaminated *** mitigate the risk of Cd toxicity,it is crucial to cultivate rice varieties with low grain Cd *** the summers of 2021 and 2022,we conducted Cd analysis on two rice cultivars,Tianyouhuazhan(TYHZ)and Xiushui 14,grown in fields with varying Cd pollution *** cultivars were also subjected to hydroponic treatment with or without 1μmol/L Cd for 7 d to assess Cd accumulation,nitric oxide(NO)production。

关键词： cultivar soils pollution

蛋白质组学分析揭示水稻地上部对缺铁和高铁胁迫的响应

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土壤学报 2024年第1期61卷 118-128页

作者：张欣王若男沈仁芳兰平土壤与农业可持续国家重点实验室(中国科学院南京土壤研究所) 南京210008 中国科学院大学北京100049

铁在矿质土壤中含量丰富,但在中性和碱性土壤中大多以不易被植物吸收利用的氧化物或氢氧化物形式存在;稻田土壤在淹水条件时氧化还原电位较低,大量铁以易被植物吸收利用的亚铁形式存在。土壤中铁的生物有效性过低或过高均会导致植物的... 详细信息

铁在矿质土壤中含量丰富,但在中性和碱性土壤中大多以不易被植物吸收利用的氧化物或氢氧化物形式存在;稻田土壤在淹水条件时氧化还原电位较低,大量铁以易被植物吸收利用的亚铁形式存在。土壤中铁的生物有效性过低或过高均会导致植物的生长发育受阻。本研究对缺铁(0μmol·L^(-1))、铁充足(40μmol·L^(-1))和高铁(350和500μmol·L^(-1))条件生长的水稻地上部进行了非标记蛋白质组学分析。结果显示,与铁充足条件相比,缺铁和两种浓度的高铁胁迫水稻中分别有130、157和118个蛋白质的丰度发生显著变化。基因本体富集分析显示,缺铁和高铁胁迫下的差异蛋白在初级代谢过程、有机氮化合物代谢过程、蛋白质代谢过程和细胞成分组织或生物发生等生物学过程均显著富集;差异蛋白还参与核糖体、光合作用和氧化磷酸化等代谢途径。缺铁胁迫显著影响参与苯丙烷类物质和辅助因子生物合成的蛋白质丰度,而高铁胁迫则引起氨基酸生物合成过程的蛋白质丰度发生显著变化。本研究发掘到一系列可用于水稻铁高效育种工作的候选蛋白,还发现了一些功能未知的差异蛋白可作为后续水稻铁胁迫响应的研究目标,同时为理解植物应对铁胁迫的完整响应网络提供了补充信息。

关键词：铁胁迫蛋白质组光合作用核糖体氧化胁迫氨基酸的生物合成

Pectin Methylesterases Enhance Root Cell Wall Phosphorus Remobilization in Rice

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Rice science 2022年第2期29卷 179-188页

作者： WU Qi TAO Ye ZHANG Xiaolong DONG Xiaoying XIA Jixing shen renfang ZHU Xiaofang State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources College of Life Science and TechnologyGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China

Pectin contributes greatly to cell wall phosphorus(P)***,it is currently unclear whether the methylesterification degree of the pectin,which is related to the activity of pectin methylesterases(PMEs),is also involved in this ***,we demonstrated that elevated PME activity can facilitate the remobilization of P deposited in the cell wall.P-deficient conditions resulted in the reduction of root cell wall P *** reduction was more pronounced in Nipponbare than in Kasalath,in company with a significant increment of the PME activity,indicating a possible relationship between elevated PME activity and cell wall P *** hypothesis was supported by in vitro experiments,as pectin with lower methylesterification degree had higher ability to release inorganic P(Pi)from insoluble FePO_(4).Furthermore,among the 35 OsPME members in rice,only the expression of OsPME14 showed a relationship with PME *** addition,transgenic rice lines overexpressing OsPME14 had increased PME activity,released more P from the root cell wall,and more resistant to P *** conclusion,PMEs enhance P remobilization in P-starved rice by increasing PME activity in Nipponbare,which in turn helps to remobilize P from the cell wall,and thus makes more available P.

关键词： cell wall phosphorus pectin methylesterase remobilization rice

NaCl Facilitates Cell Wall Phosphorus Reutilization in Abscisic Acid Dependent Manner in Phosphorus Deficient Rice Root

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Rice science 2023年第2期30卷 138-147页

作者： YANG Xiaozheng LIU Yusong HUANG Jing TAO Ye WANG Yifeng shen renfang ZHU Xiaofang State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of ScienceNanjing 210008China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China College of Land Resources and Environment Jiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchang 330045China State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 311400China

Phosphorus(P) starvation in rice facilitates the reutilization of root cell wall P by enhancing the pectin content. NaCl modulates pectin content, however, it is still unknown whether NaCl is also involved in the process of pectin regulated cell wall P remobilization in rice under P starved conditions. In this study, we found that 10 mmol/L NaCl increased the shoot and root biomasses under P deficiency to a remarkable extent, in company with the elevated shoot and root soluble P contents in rice. Further analysis indicated that exogenous NaCl enhanced the root cell wall P mobilization by increasing the pectin methylesterase activity and uronic acid content in pectin suggesting the involvement of NaCl in the process of cell wall P reutilization in P starved rice roots. Additionally, exogenous NaCl up-regulated the expression of P transporter OsPT6, which was induced by P deficiency, suggesting that NaCl also facilitated the P translocation prominently from root to shoot in P starved rice. Moreover, exogenous abscisic acid(ABA) can reverse the NaCl-mediated mitigation under P deficiency, indicating the involvement of ABA in the NaCl regulated root cell wall P reutilization. Taken together, our results demonstrated that NaCl can activate the reutilization of root cell wall P in P starved rice, which is dependent on the ABA accumulation pathway.

关键词： abscisic acid cell wall NaCl phosphorus transporter phosphorus deficiency remobilization

农田土壤重金属污染现状与安全利用技术研究进展

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土壤 2024年第2期56卷 229-241页

作者：余琼阳李婉怡张宁赵玲王月梅宋家音马文亭张光华董荷玲於维维滕应骆永明沈仁芳台州市农业技术推广中心浙江台州318000 台州市路桥区农(渔)技总站浙江台州318000 中国科学院南京土壤研究所南京210008

重金属污染农田直接影响粮食安全和农业可持续发展。安全利用技术主要通过降低土壤中重金属的生物有效性,以减少作物对重金属的吸收累积和消减重金属进入食物链的风险,其对解决我国重金属污染农田有效利用和保障粮食安全生产具有重要意... 详细信息

重金属污染农田直接影响粮食安全和农业可持续发展。安全利用技术主要通过降低土壤中重金属的生物有效性,以减少作物对重金属的吸收累积和消减重金属进入食物链的风险,其对解决我国重金属污染农田有效利用和保障粮食安全生产具有重要意义。因此,本文首先分析了农田土壤重金属污染成因与现状,然后综述了不同安全利用技术,如农艺调控措施(包括低累积作物品种筛选、水肥管理及间作或轮作耕作方式)、原位钝化改良和叶面阻控技术的研究进展,最后提出了强化重金属污染农田土壤安全利用研究及应用的对策。

关键词：重金属污染现状安全利用农田土壤

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缺氮胁迫对小麦根际土壤微生物群落结构特征的影响

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土壤学报 2022年第1期59卷 218-230页

作者：熊艺郑璐沈仁芳兰平土壤与农业可持续国家重点实验室(中国科学院南京土壤研究所) 南京210008 中国科学院大学北京100049

根际微生物在作物养分吸收的过程中发挥着重要作用。为提高小麦的氮肥利用率,有必要深入探究缺氮胁迫对小麦根际微生物群落结构的影响。利用氮素耗竭的陕西关中地区典型的塿土,设置了正常供氮(150 mg·kg^(-1))和缺氮(不施氮肥)的小麦... 详细信息

根际微生物在作物养分吸收的过程中发挥着重要作用。为提高小麦的氮肥利用率,有必要深入探究缺氮胁迫对小麦根际微生物群落结构的影响。利用氮素耗竭的陕西关中地区典型的塿土,设置了正常供氮(150 mg·kg^(-1))和缺氮(不施氮肥)的小麦根箱实验,采用16S rRNA基因扩增子高通量测序技术分析了小麦根际、近根际和非根际土壤微生物的多样性和群落结构的差异。结果表明:土壤可溶性无机氮含量在微生物群落多样性和群落结构的变化中起主导作用。与正常供氮相比,土壤微生物群落在缺氮胁迫下具有更高的α多样性。厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、纤细菌门(Gracilibacteria)、Candidatus Jorgensenbacteria和迷踪菌门(Elusimicrobia)等微生物的丰度与土壤硝态氮含量显著负相关,氨氧化古菌Nitrososphaeria则是受缺氮胁迫影响的微生物共存网络的重要节点。缺氮胁迫诱导了土壤微生物的m RNA合成、糖酵解、过氧化物代谢和磷酸肌醇代谢等代谢过程。亚硝化螺菌(Nitrosospira)和硝化螺旋菌(Nitrospiraceae)等对随机森林分类器准确度的影响最大,后续可作为土壤供氮水平的生物标记物。综上所述,缺氮胁迫对小麦根际微生物的多样性、群落结构和代谢功能产生了显著影响,且大于根际效应的影响,该发现对未来小麦根际促生微生物的培养和鉴定有启示作用,并为减氮增效的生产实践提供了理论依据。

关键词：缺氮胁迫小麦根际土壤微生物多样性高通量测序

硝酸还原酶合成的NO通过诱导酸敏感水稻根尖ROS积累引起酸毒

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土壤学报 2023年第1期60卷 201-211页

作者：孙黎明马建锋沈仁芳土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室(中国科学院南京土壤研究所) 南京210008 中国科学院大学北京100049 冈山大学植物科学与资源研究所日本冈山710-0046

酸毒是酸性土壤中限制作物生长的重要因子之一,但酸毒通常与金属离子毒性共存,难以在土壤中直接研究,目前关于水稻酸毒机制的报道较少。选用前期筛选的酸耐性不同的两个水稻品种Kasalath(酸耐性)和Jinguoyin(酸敏感),研究水稻的酸敏感... 详细信息

酸毒是酸性土壤中限制作物生长的重要因子之一,但酸毒通常与金属离子毒性共存,难以在土壤中直接研究,目前关于水稻酸毒机制的报道较少。选用前期筛选的酸耐性不同的两个水稻品种Kasalath(酸耐性)和Jinguoyin(酸敏感),研究水稻的酸敏感性与活性氧(ROS)积累及氧化还原代谢相关酶的关系,并试图探讨酸毒害中一氧化氮(NO)信号与活性氧信号的调控关系。结果显示,低pH引起酸敏感水稻品种Jinguoyin中根尖NO和ROS的富集,但酸耐性水稻品种Kasalath中无显著变化。NO清除剂2-(4-羧基苯基)-4,4,5,5-四甲基咪唑啉-1-氧基-3-氧化物钾盐(cPTIO)可清除Jinguoyin根尖富集的NO和ROS。硝酸还原酶反馈抑制剂谷氨酰胺(Gln)可明显降低Jinguoyin在低pH下的根尖NO信号,而一氧化氮合酶抑制剂N’-硝基-L-精氨酸甲酯盐酸盐(L-NAME)对根尖NO信号无影响。低pH显著提高了Jinguoyin中硝酸还原酶基因NIA1、NIA2和NIA3的表达,同时也提高了硝酸还原酶活性。可见,低pH下Jinguoyin受到的酸毒与NO介导的ROS富集有关,酸毒下产生的NO信号主要由硝酸还原酶合成,其硝酸还原酶基因NIA1和NIA2的表达调控硝酸还原酶活性的提高。

关键词：酸耐性水稻硝酸还原酶基因一氧化氮(NO) 活性氧(ROS)

Leaching of Nutrient Elements in a Red Soil Derived from Quaternary Red Clay

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Pedosphere 1998年第1期8卷 15-20页

作者： shen renfang and ZHAO QIGUO(Laboratory Of Material Cycling in Pedosphere, Institute of Soil Science, the Chinese Academy of Sciences,P.O. Box 821, Nanjing 210008 (China)) Laboratory of Material Cycling in Pedosphere Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences P.O. Box 821 Nanjing 210008 China

A red soil derived from Quaternary red clay was employed to study nutrient leaching with soil columns repacked in laboratory. The objective was to identify the effects of fertilization practices on leaching patterns and magnitudes of Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, NH+, and NO-. The treatments were CK (as a control), CaCO3,CaSO4, MgCO3, Ca(H2PO4)2, urea, KCI, and multiple (a mixture of the above-mentioned fertilizers). The fertilizers were added to the bare surface of the soil columns, and then the columns were leached with 120 mL deionized water daily through peristaltic pumps over a period of 92 days. Leaching processes of NH+, and NO- were only measured in CK, urea, and multiple treatments which were directly related to N *** showed that sole application of CaSO4, and Ca(H2PO4)2 scarcely had any effect on the leaching losses of Ca2+, Mg2+, and K+; the application of MgCO3 stimulated the leaching of Mg2+; the application of CaCOs promoted the leaching of Ca2+, Mg2+ and K+; urea treatment also promoted the leaching of K+ and NH+, and NO- leaching mainly occurred at late stage of leaching process in particular; under KCI treatment, leaching of Ca2+, Mg2+, and K+ was promoted to a large extent; under multiple treatment,leaching of Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, NH+, and NO- was all increased and NO- was mainly leached at the end of leaching process and still had a trend of increase.

关键词：施肥营养物质淋溶作用红土红粘土钙离子钾离子镁离子

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苗期水稻和小麦对缺锰胁迫的响应差异及机理

土壤 2023年第6期55卷 1207-1215页

作者：夏越沈仁芳马建锋车景土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室(中国科学院南京土壤研究所) 南京210008 中国科学院大学北京100049 冈山大学资源植物科学研究所日本冈山710-0046

为探究水稻和小麦响应缺锰的差异及其机理,采用水培试验比较了苗期水稻和小麦在缺锰和加锰处理条件下的生长及植株各部位的元素含量和分配情况,并采用绝对定量法比较了小麦和水稻根中锰转运基因的表达水平。结果表明:与供锰充足的植株相... 详细信息

为探究水稻和小麦响应缺锰的差异及其机理,采用水培试验比较了苗期水稻和小麦在缺锰和加锰处理条件下的生长及植株各部位的元素含量和分配情况,并采用绝对定量法比较了小麦和水稻根中锰转运基因的表达水平。结果表明:与供锰充足的植株相比,缺锰21 d严重抑制水稻生长,而小麦生长不受影响;在缺锰条件下,小麦体内锰从根到地上部的转运率比供锰充足时提高了16.4%;相反,水稻体内锰从根到地上部的转运率降低了7.5%;苗期小麦根中TaNRAMP2的绝对表达量是水稻OsNRAMP2的3.8倍~5.1倍。综上可见,小麦比水稻更耐缺锰胁迫,这可能与NRAMP2在小麦中的高表达有关。

关键词：水稻小麦缺锰胁迫绝对定量 NRAMP2