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Rice science 2024年第3期31卷 237-240,I0002-I0007页

作者： WANG Haoyu LI Su YANG Jibo HUANG Jing ZHU Xiaofang shen renfang ZENG Dali College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences Zhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhou 311300China State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of ScienceNanjing 210008China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Although putrescine(PUT)has been linked to plants'responses to cadmium(Cd)stress,the exact mechanism is still *** the current investigation,the endogenous PUT concentration in rice roots was enhanced by Cd *** PUT increased root cell wall hemicellulose levels,which in turn increased its Cd binding capacity,concurrently decreasing the transcription level of genes such as OsNRAMP1 and OsCd1 that are responsible for root Cd *** a result。

关键词： absorption roots cadmium

Cell Wall Fixation,Translocation,and Vacuolar Detoxification of Cadmium Contribute to Differential Grain Cadmium Accumulation in Two Rice Cultivars

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Rice science 2024年第3期31卷 241-244,I0008-I0010页

作者： ZHU Xiaofang ZHAO Ling HUANG Jing HE Jiatong SONG Jiayin TENG Ying shen renfang State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of ScienceNanjing 210008China State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture Zhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhou 311300China

Cadmium(Cd)toxicity in rice is a major concern for human health and the environment,as it can accumulate in rice grains when grown in Cd-contaminated *** mitigate the risk of Cd toxicity,it is crucial to cultivate rice varieties with low grain Cd *** the summers of 2021 and 2022,we conducted Cd analysis on two rice cultivars,Tianyouhuazhan(TYHZ)and Xiushui 14,grown in fields with varying Cd pollution *** cultivars were also subjected to hydroponic treatment with or without 1μmol/L Cd for 7 d to assess Cd accumulation,nitric oxide(NO)production。

关键词： cultivar soils pollution

蛋白质组学分析揭示水稻地上部对缺铁和高铁胁迫的响应

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土壤学报 2024年第1期61卷 118-128页

作者：张欣王若男沈仁芳兰平土壤与农业可持续国家重点实验室(中国科学院南京土壤研究所) 南京210008 中国科学院大学北京100049

铁在矿质土壤中含量丰富,但在中性和碱性土壤中大多以不易被植物吸收利用的氧化物或氢氧化物形式存在;稻田土壤在淹水条件时氧化还原电位较低,大量铁以易被植物吸收利用的亚铁形式存在。土壤中铁的生物有效性过低或过高均会导致植物的... 详细信息

铁在矿质土壤中含量丰富,但在中性和碱性土壤中大多以不易被植物吸收利用的氧化物或氢氧化物形式存在;稻田土壤在淹水条件时氧化还原电位较低,大量铁以易被植物吸收利用的亚铁形式存在。土壤中铁的生物有效性过低或过高均会导致植物的生长发育受阻。本研究对缺铁(0μmol·L^(-1))、铁充足(40μmol·L^(-1))和高铁(350和500μmol·L^(-1))条件生长的水稻地上部进行了非标记蛋白质组学分析。结果显示,与铁充足条件相比,缺铁和两种浓度的高铁胁迫水稻中分别有130、157和118个蛋白质的丰度发生显著变化。基因本体富集分析显示,缺铁和高铁胁迫下的差异蛋白在初级代谢过程、有机氮化合物代谢过程、蛋白质代谢过程和细胞成分组织或生物发生等生物学过程均显著富集;差异蛋白还参与核糖体、光合作用和氧化磷酸化等代谢途径。缺铁胁迫显著影响参与苯丙烷类物质和辅助因子生物合成的蛋白质丰度,而高铁胁迫则引起氨基酸生物合成过程的蛋白质丰度发生显著变化。本研究发掘到一系列可用于水稻铁高效育种工作的候选蛋白,还发现了一些功能未知的差异蛋白可作为后续水稻铁胁迫响应的研究目标,同时为理解植物应对铁胁迫的完整响应网络提供了补充信息。

关键词：铁胁迫蛋白质组光合作用核糖体氧化胁迫氨基酸的生物合成

Pectin Methylesterases Enhance Root Cell Wall Phosphorus Remobilization in Rice

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Rice science 2022年第2期29卷 179-188页

作者： WU Qi TAO Ye ZHANG Xiaolong DONG Xiaoying XIA Jixing shen renfang ZHU Xiaofang State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources College of Life Science and TechnologyGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China

Pectin contributes greatly to cell wall phosphorus(P)***,it is currently unclear whether the methylesterification degree of the pectin,which is related to the activity of pectin methylesterases(PMEs),is also involved in this ***,we demonstrated that elevated PME activity can facilitate the remobilization of P deposited in the cell wall.P-deficient conditions resulted in the reduction of root cell wall P *** reduction was more pronounced in Nipponbare than in Kasalath,in company with a significant increment of the PME activity,indicating a possible relationship between elevated PME activity and cell wall P *** hypothesis was supported by in vitro experiments,as pectin with lower methylesterification degree had higher ability to release inorganic P(Pi)from insoluble FePO_(4).Furthermore,among the 35 OsPME members in rice,only the expression of OsPME14 showed a relationship with PME *** addition,transgenic rice lines overexpressing OsPME14 had increased PME activity,released more P from the root cell wall,and more resistant to P *** conclusion,PMEs enhance P remobilization in P-starved rice by increasing PME activity in Nipponbare,which in turn helps to remobilize P from the cell wall,and thus makes more available P.

关键词： cell wall phosphorus pectin methylesterase remobilization rice

NaCl Facilitates Cell Wall Phosphorus Reutilization in Abscisic Acid Dependent Manner in Phosphorus Deficient Rice Root

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Rice science 2023年第2期30卷 138-147页

作者： YANG Xiaozheng LIU Yusong HUANG Jing TAO Ye WANG Yifeng shen renfang ZHU Xiaofang State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of ScienceNanjing 210008China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China College of Land Resources and Environment Jiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchang 330045China State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 311400China

Phosphorus(P) starvation in rice facilitates the reutilization of root cell wall P by enhancing the pectin content. NaCl modulates pectin content, however, it is still unknown whether NaCl is also involved in the process of pectin regulated cell wall P remobilization in rice under P starved conditions. In this study, we found that 10 mmol/L NaCl increased the shoot and root biomasses under P deficiency to a remarkable extent, in company with the elevated shoot and root soluble P contents in rice. Further analysis indicated that exogenous NaCl enhanced the root cell wall P mobilization by increasing the pectin methylesterase activity and uronic acid content in pectin suggesting the involvement of NaCl in the process of cell wall P reutilization in P starved rice roots. Additionally, exogenous NaCl up-regulated the expression of P transporter OsPT6, which was induced by P deficiency, suggesting that NaCl also facilitated the P translocation prominently from root to shoot in P starved rice. Moreover, exogenous abscisic acid(ABA) can reverse the NaCl-mediated mitigation under P deficiency, indicating the involvement of ABA in the NaCl regulated root cell wall P reutilization. Taken together, our results demonstrated that NaCl can activate the reutilization of root cell wall P in P starved rice, which is dependent on the ABA accumulation pathway.

关键词： abscisic acid cell wall NaCl phosphorus transporter phosphorus deficiency remobilization

Leaching of Nutrient Elements in a Red Soil Derived from Quaternary Red Clay

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Pedosphere 1998年第1期8卷 15-20页

作者： shen renfang and ZHAO QIGUO(Laboratory Of Material Cycling in Pedosphere, Institute of Soil Science, the Chinese Academy of Sciences,P.O. Box 821, Nanjing 210008 (China)) Laboratory of Material Cycling in Pedosphere Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences P.O. Box 821 Nanjing 210008 China

A red soil derived from Quaternary red clay was employed to study nutrient leaching with soil columns repacked in laboratory. The objective was to identify the effects of fertilization practices on leaching patterns and magnitudes of Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, NH+, and NO-. The treatments were CK (as a control), CaCO3,CaSO4, MgCO3, Ca(H2PO4)2, urea, KCI, and multiple (a mixture of the above-mentioned fertilizers). The fertilizers were added to the bare surface of the soil columns, and then the columns were leached with 120 mL deionized water daily through peristaltic pumps over a period of 92 days. Leaching processes of NH+, and NO- were only measured in CK, urea, and multiple treatments which were directly related to N *** showed that sole application of CaSO4, and Ca(H2PO4)2 scarcely had any effect on the leaching losses of Ca2+, Mg2+, and K+; the application of MgCO3 stimulated the leaching of Mg2+; the application of CaCOs promoted the leaching of Ca2+, Mg2+ and K+; urea treatment also promoted the leaching of K+ and NH+, and NO- leaching mainly occurred at late stage of leaching process in particular; under KCI treatment, leaching of Ca2+, Mg2+, and K+ was promoted to a large extent; under multiple treatment,leaching of Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, NH+, and NO- was all increased and NO- was mainly leached at the end of leaching process and still had a trend of increase.

关键词： fertilization nutrient leaching red soil

农田土壤重金属污染现状与安全利用技术研究进展

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土壤 2024年第2期56卷 229-241页

作者：余琼阳李婉怡张宁赵玲王月梅宋家音马文亭张光华董荷玲於维维滕应骆永明沈仁芳台州市农业技术推广中心浙江台州318000 台州市路桥区农(渔)技总站浙江台州318000 中国科学院南京土壤研究所南京210008

重金属污染农田直接影响粮食安全和农业可持续发展。安全利用技术主要通过降低土壤中重金属的生物有效性,以减少作物对重金属的吸收累积和消减重金属进入食物链的风险,其对解决我国重金属污染农田有效利用和保障粮食安全生产具有重要意... 详细信息

重金属污染农田直接影响粮食安全和农业可持续发展。安全利用技术主要通过降低土壤中重金属的生物有效性,以减少作物对重金属的吸收累积和消减重金属进入食物链的风险,其对解决我国重金属污染农田有效利用和保障粮食安全生产具有重要意义。因此,本文首先分析了农田土壤重金属污染成因与现状,然后综述了不同安全利用技术,如农艺调控措施(包括低累积作物品种筛选、水肥管理及间作或轮作耕作方式)、原位钝化改良和叶面阻控技术的研究进展,最后提出了强化重金属污染农田土壤安全利用研究及应用的对策。

关键词：重金属污染现状安全利用农田土壤

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改良茚三酮比色法测定土壤蛋白酶活性的研究

土壤学报 2005年第2期42卷 306-313页

作者：蔡红沈仁芳土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室(中国科学院南京土壤研究所) 南京210008

通过引入Ca2 + 为蛋白酶激活剂、以Pb(CH3 COO) 2 和Na2 C2 O4—CH3 COOH混合试剂作为除杂剂、将抗坏血酸与KIO3 结合起来以提高茚三酮比色法测定氨基酸的灵敏度和稳定性,并使培养和测定两个过程的pH缓冲体系有机结合起来,从而全面改进... 详细信息

通过引入Ca2 + 为蛋白酶激活剂、以Pb(CH3 COO) 2 和Na2 C2 O4—CH3 COOH混合试剂作为除杂剂、将抗坏血酸与KIO3 结合起来以提高茚三酮比色法测定氨基酸的灵敏度和稳定性,并使培养和测定两个过程的pH缓冲体系有机结合起来,从而全面改进了土壤蛋白酶活性的测定方法。用该方法测定了潮土、黄棕壤和红壤的蛋白酶活性,并与常用的Folin比色法进行了试验比较,证明该方法适合于测定中性。

关键词：蛋白酶活性土壤黄棕壤改良潮土红壤试验比较除杂剂缓冲体系混合

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土壤微生物在植物获得养分中的作用

生态学报 2015年第20期35卷 6584-6591页

作者：沈仁芳赵学强土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室中国科学院南京土壤研究所南京210008

大量施用化肥是当今农业的一个重要特征。化肥为粮食增产做出了巨大贡献,同时也带来一系列问题,如土壤酸化、水体富营养化、温室气体排放、资源耗竭等,直接威胁着农业可持续发展。土壤微生物是陆地生态系统植物多样性和生产力的重要驱动... 详细信息

大量施用化肥是当今农业的一个重要特征。化肥为粮食增产做出了巨大贡献,同时也带来一系列问题,如土壤酸化、水体富营养化、温室气体排放、资源耗竭等,直接威胁着农业可持续发展。土壤微生物是陆地生态系统植物多样性和生产力的重要驱动者,直接参与了植物获得养分和土壤养分循环两个过程。因此,通过调控土壤微生物的功能,有望降低农业对化肥的过分依赖。介绍了共生固氮菌、菌根真菌和根际促生菌对植物获得养分能力的影响及其机制,分析了土壤微生物对土壤氮、磷循环的影响及其与土壤养分生物有效性、养分损失的关系。依据这些知识,提出了改善植物营养、降低化肥施用的土壤微生物途径。虽然大量试验已证明了土壤微生物在改善植物营养中的重要作用,但是大面积应用土壤微生物技术来改善植物营养还存在不少问题。随着以后对这方面研究的加强以及上述问题的不断解决,土壤微生物有望在降低化肥施用量和维持农业可持续发展中做出重要贡献。

关键词：生物固氮菌根真菌根际促生菌养分循环农业可持续发展

场地土壤-地下水污染物多介质界面过程与调控研究进展与展望

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土壤学报 2020年第6期57卷 1333-1340页

作者：滕应骆永明沈仁芳赵其国中国科学院土壤环境与污染修复重点实验室(中国科学院南京土壤研究所) 南京210008 土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室(中国科学院南京土壤研究所) 南京210008

近年来,中国重点行业场地土壤-地下水重金属和有机污染物污染十分突出,已成为土壤环境治理修复亟待解决的重要问题之一。多介质界面是控制场地系统复合污染物环境行为的关键。因此,开展场地土壤与地下水污染物多介质界面过程与调控机制... 详细信息

近年来,中国重点行业场地土壤-地下水重金属和有机污染物污染十分突出,已成为土壤环境治理修复亟待解决的重要问题之一。多介质界面是控制场地系统复合污染物环境行为的关键。因此,开展场地土壤与地下水污染物多介质界面过程与调控机制研究,对于认知场地污染成因与治理修复具有重要的科学意义。系统分析了国内外场地土壤-地下水污染物多介质界面过程与调控研究进展与发展趋势,指出了目前该研究领域中存在的科学与技术问题,提出了我国场地土壤-地下水污染物多介质界面过程与调控原理的研究思路与重点方向,以推动我国场地土壤和地下水环境科学理论与技术的发展。

关键词：场地土壤地下水污染物多介质界面过程调控原理