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Micro-scale Abrasion and Medium Load Multiple scratch Tests of PVD Coatings

材料热处理学报 2004年第5B期25卷 1199-1202页

作者： s. Poulat D.G Teer Teer Coatings Ltd Droitwich Worcestershire.U.K.Teer Coatings Ltd Droitwich Worcestershire.U.K.

Micro-scale abrasion testing is widely used to determine the abrasion resistance of thin film coatings; it is a simple technique that can easily be used as part of a quality control procedure, but it has got the disadvantage of not allowing an easy study of the wear mechanisms involved: it is difficult to estimate the load applied on each abrasive particles in the contact between the loaded ball and the specimen. The possibility of using progressive loading scratch testing, a method widely used to assess the adhesion of thin film coatings, to model the abrasive wear of coatings has been studied in the past; the use of multiple scratch tests to study the wear mechanisms corresponding to a single abrasion scratch event has also been studied in the case of bulk materials (ceramics and hard metals). Two coatings, deposited by Closed Field Unbalanced Magnetron sputter Ion Plating (CFUBMsIP) on AsP23 powder metallurgy steel substrate are chosen to be representative of the use of protective coatings in industry: titanium nitride, which is widely used to prevent tool wear, and TCL Graphit-iC?, which is widely used as a wear resistant solid lubricant coating. The two coatings are first characterised by using a standard quality control procedure: their thickness is determined by the cap grinding method, their adhesion by progressive loading scratch. Then micro-scale abrasion tests performed with a slurry at a concentration which promotes grooving wear, and medium load multiple scratch tests performed with diamond indenters are completed; the results of these tests are analysed and compared to determine if there is any correlation between the two sets of results; the multiple scratch tests wear tracks are also observed to determine the wear mechanisms involved.

关键词：微量磨损乱痕硬度试验 PVD 薄膜涂层

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Essential oil content and composition of Indian sandalwood (santalum album) in sri Lanka

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Journal of Forestry Research 2013年第1期24卷 127-130页

作者： Upul subasinghe Manuri Gamage D.s. Hettiarachchi Department of Forestry and Environmental sciences Sri Jayewar- denepura UniversityNugegoda 10250Sri Lanka. Wescorp Group Caning Vale6155Western Australia.

santalum album （Indian sandalwood） is found in the mountainous regions of the intermediate zone of sri Lanka. Few studies have been conducted on sandalwood ecology in this region, and ours is the first recorded study of essential oil content and chemical composition of heartwood. We harvested two trees with state permission and took cross-sections for analysis. We demonstrated a difference in the heartwood formation and oil yield of the trees. The composition of the oil was found to be consistent between trees and along the trunk of the tree. Main aromatic compounds were santalols and other compounds are recorded in lesser quantities. Results of this study comply with the other published work on sandalwood elsewhere. This initial study on s. album in sri Lanka provided promising results for the future of sandalwood agroforestry.

关键词： essential oil sri Lanka sandalwood santalum album santalol

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Comparative study on production,purification of penicillin by Penicillium chrysogenum isolated from soil and citrus samples

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2011年第1期1卷 15-19页

作者： s Anto Jeya Dayalan Pramod Darwin Prakash s Department of Biotechnology Udaya School of Engineering

Objective:To explore various unexplored locations where Penicillium *** be available and study the production of penicillin from the isolated Penicillium *** different media with altered carbohydrate ***:The collected soil samples were screened for the isolation of Penicillium chrysogenum(***) by soil dilution *** isolated Penicillium species were further grown in different production media with changes in the carbohydrate *** extracted penicillin from various isolates was analyzed by HPLC for the efficacy of the *** the products were screened with various bacterial species including methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus(MRsA).And the work was extended to find the possible action on MRsA,along with characterization using other ***:From the various soil and citrus samples used for analysis,only the soil sample from Government General Hospital of Bangalore,India,and sanjay Gandhi Hospital,Bangalore,India,showed some potential growth of the desired fungi *** production media showed varied range of growth of *** production of penicillin was obtained in maltose which proved maximum zone of inhibition during *** of penicillin on pathogens,like wild Escherichia coli strain,Klebsiella spp.,and MRsA,gave quite interesting results such as no activity on the later strain as it is *** data provided the analytical and confirmation details of the penicillin ***,the penicillin produced from the soil sample of Government General Hospital had the high milli absorbance unit of 441.5 mAu compared with that of the penicillin produced from sanjay Gandhi Hospital sample,8s.s2 ***,there was a considerable change in quantity of the penicillin produced from both the ***: The Penicillium *** be possibly rich in hospital contaminants and its *** research focuses on various unexplored sources o

关键词： Penicillium chrysogenum soil Citrus Penicillin Bioefficacy Antibiotic activity Penicillium spp. Production soil dilution plate staphy lococcus aureus Characterization Production media Zone of inhibition Carbohydrate source Isolation Efficacy Pathogen

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safety and success of precut biliary sphincterotomy: Is it linked to experience or expertise?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第15期13卷 2183-2186页

作者： Lindsay s Robison shyam Varadarajulu C Mel Wilcox Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Pancreaticobiliary Center University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabama

AIM： To determine the rates of success and complications of precut biliary sphincterotomy （PBs） based on prior experience and to compare the complication rates between PBs and standard endoscopic sphincterotomy （Es）. METHODs： A retrospective evaluation of prospectively collected non-randomized data at an academic tertiary referral center, The study included all patients in an eight-year period who underwent PBs and Es by a single endoscopist who had no formal training in PBs. The main outcorne measures of the study were success and complications of PBs with a comparison to complications of Es.REsULTs： A total of 2939 endoscopic retrograde chola ngiopancreatographies （ERCPs） were performed during the study period, including 818 （28%） Es and 150 （5%） PBs procedures. selective biliary cannulation via PBs was successful at the first attempt in 75% of the patients. Cannulation was achieved in an additional 13% of the patients at a subsequent attempt （total 87%）. Complication rate from PBs was 45% higher than Es, but did not differ significantly [7% （10/50） vs 5% （38/818）, P = 0.29]. None of the complications from PBs was severe. A significant trend towards increasing success existed with regard to the endoscopist＇s first attempt at precut （P = 0.0393, Cochran-Armitage exact test for trend, Z = -1.7588）. CONCLUsION： Despite the lack of specific training in this technique, PBs was performed with a high success rate and a complication rate similar to or less than reports from other experienced centers. These results suggest that endoscopic experience and perhaps innate endoscopic skill may play an important role in the outcome of this procedure.

关键词： Biliary sphincterotomy Precut sphincterotomy Complication rate Endoscopic skill

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A balancing act between IFITM3 and IRF3

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2018年第10期15卷 873-874页

作者： Temet M McMichael Mahesh Chemudupati Jacob s Yount Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity Center for Microbial Interface BiologyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA

Interferon(IFN)-induced transmembrane protein 3(IFITM3)is a potent antiviral factor capable of restricting numerous virus infections.1 Viruses inhibited by IFITM3 generally enter cells via endocytosis,and are trafficked to IFITM3-positive intracellular membrane compartments.1,2 IFITM3-positive compartments are acidic and stain positive for a variety of endosomal,lysosomal and autophagosomal markers.2,3 Although the membrane fusion of many endocytic viruses,such as influenza virus,is triggered by acidic pH,fusion is blocked in the presence of IFITM3,and virions are degraded2,4,5(Figure 1).It has been proposed that IFITM3 alters membrane properties,including rigidity and curvature,to inhibit virus membrane fusion.5 The molecular mechanism underlying these IFITM3-induced membrane alterations is not well characterized,and whether IFITM3 has other cellular functions is also not known.

关键词： IFITM3 inhibited alterations

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Environmental noise alters gastric myoelectrical activity:Effect of age

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第3期13卷 403-407页

作者： James s Castle Mark R Warner Mark A Korsten Medical Program and Audiology service James J Peters VA Medical Center Bronx NY and Mount Sinai School of Medicine New York United States

AIM: To evaluate the effect of age and acoustic stress on gastric myoelectrical activity (GMA) and autonomic nervous system function. METHODs: Twenty-one male subjects (age range 22-71 years, mean 44 years) were recruited and exposed, in random order, to three auditory stimuli (Hospital noise, conversation babble and traffic noise) after a 20-min baseline. All periods lasted 20 min and were interspersed with a 10 min of recovery. GMA was obtained using a synectics Microdigitrapper. Autonomic nerve function was assessed by monitoring blood pressure and heart rate using an automatic recording device. REsULTs: Dominant power tended to decrease with increase of age (P sed during exposure to hospital noise (12.0%, P se (13.9%, P sation babble (7.1%). The subjects in the younger group (s) showed a consistent reduction in the percentage of 3 CPM activity during hospital noise (22.9%, P se (19.0%, P sation babble (15.5%). These observations were accompanied by a significant increase in bradygastria: hospital noise (P se (P st, the subjects over 50 years of age did not exhibit a significant decrease in 3 CPM activity. Regardless of age, noise did not alter blood pressure or heart rate. CONCLUsION: GMA changes with age. Loud noise can alter GMA, especially in younger individuals. Our data indicate that even short-term exposure to noise may alter the contractility of the stomach.

关键词： Noise, Acoustic stress, Gastric myoelectrical activity Electrogastmgram Autonomic nervous system

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Canadian children’s and youth’s adherence to the 24-h movement guidelines during the COVID-19 pandemic: A decision tree analysis

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Journal of sport and Health science 2020年第4期9卷 313-321页

作者： Michelle D.Guerrero Leigh M.Vanderloo Ryan E.Rhodes Guy Faulkner sarah A.Moore Mark s.Tremblay Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute OttawaON K1H 8L1Canada ParticipACTION TorontoON M5S 1M2Canada Child Health and Evaluative sciences Hospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoON M5G 0A4Canada Behavioral Medicine Laboratory School of Exercise SciencePhysical and Health EducationUniversity of VictoriaVictoriaBC V8W 2Y2Canada school of Kinesiology University of British ColumbiaVancouverBC V6T 1Z1Canada Department of Therapeutic Recreation Faculty of ChildFamilyand Community StudiesDouglas CollegeCoquitlamBC V3B 7X3Canada school of Health and Human Performance Dalhousie UniversityHalifaxNS B3H 4R2Canada Department of Pediatrics University of OttawaOttawaON K1H 8L1Canada

Purpose:The purpose of this study was to use decision tree modeling to generate profiles of children and youth who were more and less likely to meet the Canadian 24-h movement guidelines during the coronavirus disease-2019(COVID-19)***:Data for this study were from a nationally representative sample of 1472 Canadian parents(Meanage=45.12,sD=7.55)of children(511 years old)or youth(1217 years old).Data were collected in April 2020 via an online *** items assessed demographic,behavioral,social,micro-environmental,and macro-environmental *** decision trees of adherence and non-adherence to all movement recommendations combined and each individual movement recommendation(physical activity(PA),screen time,and sleep)were ***:Results revealed specific combinations of adherence and non-adherence *** associated with adherence to the recommendation(s)included high parental perceived capability to restrict screen time,annual household income ofCAD 100,000,increases in children’s and youth’s outdoor PA/sport since the COVID-19 outbreak began,being a boy,having parents younger than 43 years old,and small increases in children’s and youth’s sleep duration since the COVID-19 outbreak *** associated with non-adherence to the recommendation(s)included low parental perceived capability to restrict screen time,youth aged 1217 years,decreases in children’s and youth’s outdoor PA/sport since the COVID-19 outbreak began,primary residences located in all provinces except Quebec,low parental perceived capability to support children’s and youth’s sleep and PA,and annual household income ofCAD 99,***:Our results show that specific characteristics interact to contribute to(non)adherence to the movement behavior *** highlight the importance of targeting parents’perceived capability for the promotion of children’s and youth’s movement behaviors during challengin

关键词： Decision tree analysis Parental perceived capability Physical activity screen time sleep

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Can the host phylogeny(Chiroptera)influence the com m unity of ectoparasite flies(Diptera)?

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Current Zoology 2020年第3期66卷 331-332页

作者： Rayanna H.s.BEZERRA Adriana BOCCHIGLIERI Universidade Federal de sergipe Programa de Pos-graduaqao em Ecologia e ConservaqaoLaboratorio de MastozoologiaCidade Universitaria Prof.Jose Aloisio de CamposSao CristovaoSEBrazil

Among the factors thar may influence parasitism are ecological and phylogenetic aspects(Krasnov et al.2005),where a host species may acquire a parasite by contact with other hosts co-occurring in a given environment or because of its ancestor(Hoberg and Brooks 2008).Thus,the parasite community can be considered a reflection of the ecological characteristics and the phylogeny of the host(Krasnov et al.2005).

关键词： phylogeny Diptera

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Discrete-time GGI/GG/1 Retrial Queues with Time-controlled Vacation Policies

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae sinica 2013年第4期29卷 689-704页

作者： Jin-ting WANG Nan WANG Attahiru s.ALFA Department of Mathematics Beijing Jiaotong University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Manitoba

A discrete-time GI/G/1 retrial queue with Bernoulli retrials and time-controlled vacation policies is investigated in this paper. By representing the inter-arrival, service and vacation tlmes using a Markov-based approach, we are able to analyze this model as a level-dependent quasi-birth-and-death （LDQBD） process which makes the model algorithmically tractable. several performance measures such as the stationary probability distribution and the expected number of customers in the orbit have been discussed with two different policies： deterministic time-controlled system and random time-controlled system. To give a comparison with the known vacation policy in the literature, we present the exhaustive vacation policy as a contrast between these policies under the early arrival system （EAs） and the late arrival system with delayed access （LAs-DA）. significant difference between EAs and LAs-DA is illustrated by some numerical examples.

关键词： discrete queues retrial queues time-controlled vacations early and late arrival systems matrixanalytic method

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Neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of a therapy combining agonists of nicotinic α7 and σ1 receptors in a rat model of Parkinson’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第6期16卷 1099-1104页

作者： steven Vetel Laura Foucault-Fruchard Claire Tronel Frédéric Buron Jackie Vergote sylvie Bodard sylvain Routier sophie sérrière sylvie Chalon UMR 1253 iBrainUniversitéde ToursInsermToursFrance CHU Tours Service pharmacieToursFrance Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique ICOAUMR CNRS 7311Universitéd’OrléansOrléansFrance

To date there is no treatment able to stop or slow down the loss of dopaminergic neurons that characterizes Parkinson’s *** was recently observed in a rodent model of Alzheimer’s disease that the interaction between the α7 subtype of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor(α7-nAChR)and sigma-1 receptor(σ1-R)could exert neuroprotective effects through the modulation of neuroinflammation which is one of the key components of the pathophysiology of Parkinson’s *** this context,the aim of the present study was to assess the effects of the concomitant administration of N-(3R)-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl-furo[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide(PHA)543613 as an α7-nAChR agonist and 2-(4-morpholinethyl)1-phenylcyclohexanecarboxylate(PRE)-084 as aσ1-R agonist in a well-characterized 6-hydroxydopamine rat model of Parkinson’s *** animals received either vehicle separately or the dual therapy PHA/PRE once a day until day 14 *** no effect was noticed in the amphetamine-induced rotation test,our data has shown that the PHA/PRE treatment induced partial protection of the dopaminergic neurons(15-20%),assessed by the dopamine transporter density in the striatum and immunoreactive tyrosine hydroxylase in the substantia ***,this dual therapy reduced the degree of glial activation consecutive to the 6-hydroxydopamine lesion,i.e,the 18 kDa translocation protein density and glial fibrillary acidic protein staining in the striatum,and the CD11b and glial fibrillary acidic protein staining in the substantia ***,this study reports for the first time that concomitant activation of α7-nAChR andσ1-R can provide a partial recovery of the nigro-striatal dopaminergic neurons through the modulation of microglial *** study was approved by the Regional Ethics Committee(CEEA Val de Loire n°19)validated this protocol(Authorization N°00434.02)on May 15,2014.

关键词： 6-hydroxydopamine astrocytes microglial activation neurodegeneration neuroinflammation nicotinicα7 receptor Parkinson’s disease PHA 543613 PRE-084 sigma-1 receptor

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