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the soft X-ray Imager(sXI)on the sMILe Mission

earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 5-14页

作者： s.sembay A.L.Alme D.Agnolon t.Arnold A.Beardmore A.Belén Balado Margeli C.Bicknell C.Bouldin G.Branduardi-Raymont t.Crawford J.P.Breuer t.Buggey G.Butcher R.Canchal J.A.Carter A.Cheney Y.Collado-Vega H.Connor t.Crawford N.eaton C.Feldman C.Forsyth t.Frantzen G.Galgóczi J.Garcia G.Y.Genov C.Gordillo H-P.Gröbelbauer M.Guedel Y.Guo M.Hailey D.Hall R.Hampson J.Hasiba O.Hetherington A.Holland s-Y.Hsieh M.W.J.Hubbard H.Jeszenszky M.Jones t.Kennedy K.koch-Mehrin s.Kögl s.Krucker K.D.Kuntz C.Lakin G.Laky O.Lylund A.Martindale J.Miguel Mas Hesse R.Nakamura K.Oksavik N.Østgaard H.Ottacher R.Ottensamer C.Pagani s.Parsons P.Patel J.Pearson G.Peikert F.s.Porter t.Pouliantis B.H.Qureshi W.Raab G.Randal A.M.Read N.M.M.Roque M.e.Rostad C.Runciman s.sachdev A.samsonov M.soman D.sibeck s.smit J.søndergaard R.speight s.stavland M.steller tianRan sun J.thornhill W.thomas K.Ullaland B.Walsh D.Walton C.Wang s.Yang school of Physics and Astronomy University of LeicesterLeicesterLE17RHUK space Park Leicester University of LeicesterLeicesterLE17RHUK Mullard space science Laboratory University College LondonDorkingRH56NTUK Centre for electronic Imaging Open UniversityMilton KeynesMK76 AAUK Birkeland Centre for space science Department of Physics and TechnologyUniv.of BergenN-5007 BergenNorway University of Vienna A-1010 ViennaAustria space Research Institute Austrian Academy of SciencesA-8042 GrazAustria National Institute of Aerospace technology MadridSpain esteC European Space Agency2201 AZ NoordwijkNetherlands state Key Laboratory of space Weather National Space Science CentreBeijing 100190China University of Applied sciences and Arts Northwestern switzerland CH-5210 WindischSwitzerland koegl space GmbH CH-8157 DielsdorfSwitzerland space Acoustics GmbH CH-8157 DielsdorfSwitzerland Zurich University of Applied sciences 8400 WinterhurSwitzerland Genov solutions N-5172 LoddefjordNorway stM engineering N-5165 LaksevagNorway John Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory MD 20723USA NAsA/Goddard space Flight Centre MD 20771USA Center for space Physics Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Department of theoretical Physics and Astrophysics Masaryk University60177 BrnoCzech Republic Institute of Physics E¨otvo¨s Lor´and University1053 BudapestHungary Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100045China Centro de Astrobiologia(CAB) CSIC-INTAMadridSpain

the soft X-ray Imager(sXI)is part of the scientific payload of the solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link explorer(sMILe)*** is a joint science mission between the european space Agency(esA)and the Chinese Academy of sciences(CAs)and is due for launch in *** is a compact X-ray telescope with a wide field-of-view(FOV)capable of encompassing large portions of earth’s magnetosphere from the vantage point of the sMILe *** is sensitive to the soft X-rays produced by the solar Wind Charge eXchange(sWCX)process produced when heavy ions of solar wind origin interact with neutral particles in earth’s *** provides a mechanism for boundary detection within the magnetosphere,such as the position of earth’s magnetopause,because the solar wind heavy ions have a very low density in regions of closed magnetic field *** sensitivity of the sXI is such that it can potentially track movements of the magnetopause on timescales of a few minutes and the orbit of sMILe will enable such movements to be tracked for segments lasting many *** is led by the University of Leicester in the United Kingdom(UK)with collaborating organisations on hardware,software and science support within the UK,europe,China and the United states.

关键词： soft X-ray Imaging micropore optics large area CCD

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Recent Advances in Catalytic Carbonylation Reactions in Alternative Reaction Media

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第4期42卷 406-429页

作者： Csaba Árvai László t.Mika Department of Chemical and environmental Process engineering Faculty of Chemical Technology and BiotechnologyBudapest University of Technology and EconomicsMűegyetem rkp.3H-1111 BudapestHungary

since the discovery of the hydroformylation(oxo-synthesis or Roelen reaction)and the Reppe-reaction,the transition metal-catalyzed carbonylation reactions,providing versatile,facile,and even atom-economic methods for the selective incorporation of C=O functionality to various skeletons,have gained tremendous importance in synthetic organic chemistry from laboratories to industrial *** carbonylation of carbon-carbon multiple bonds,aromatic halides,triflates,etc.,in the presence of various nucleophiles has led the way to produce aldehydes,carboxylic acids,esters,amides,etc.,in the fine chemical ***,these protocols usually proceed in conventional,fossil-based,and usually toxic reaction ***,several attempts have been directed to developing efficient carbonylation methods in alternative,less harmful,non-fossil-based and even in renewable reaction *** this review,we overview the recent applications of alternative solvents such as water,biomass-based alcohols,γ-valerolactone(GVL),2-methyltetrahydrofuran(2-MetHF),ionic liquids(ILs),deep eutectic solvents(Des),alkyl levulinates,limonene,α-pinene,and dimethyl carbonate as well as fluorous media to improve efficiency,safety and environmentally benign nature of carbonylation protocols.

关键词： Carbonylation Catalysis solvents Green chemistry Carbon monoxide transition metals Homogeneous catalysis Palladium

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A rat model of multicompartmental traumatic injury and hemorrhagic shock induces bone marrow dysfunction and profound anemia

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Animal Models and experimental Medicine 2024年第3期7卷 367-376页

作者： Lauren s.Kelly Jennifer A.Munley erick e.Pons kolenkode B.Kannan elizabeth M.Whitley Letitia e.Bible Philip A.efron Alicia M.Mohr Department of surgery and sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center University of Florida College of MedicineGainesvilleFloridaUSA Pathogenesis LLCGainesvilleFloridaUSA

Background:severe trauma is associated with systemic inflammation and organ *** rodent trauma models are the mainstay of postinjury research but have been criticized for not fully replicating severe human *** aim of this study was to create a rat model of multicompartmental injury which recreates profound traumatic ***:Male sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to unilateral lung contusion and hemorrhagic shock(LCHs),multicompartmental polytrauma(Pt)(unilateral lung contusion,hemorrhagic shock,cecectomy,bifemoral pseudofracture),or na?ve ***,plasma toll-l ike receptor 4(tLR4),hemoglobin,spleen to body weight ratio,bone marrow(BM)erythroid progenitor(CFU-GeMM,BFU-e,and CFU-e)growth,plasma granulocyte colony-stimulating factor(G-CsF)and right lung histologic injury were assessed on day 7,with significance defined as p valuesesults:Polytrauma resulted in markedly more profound inhibition of weight gain compared to LCHs(p=0.0002)along with elevated plasma tLR4(per hemoglobin(penlarged spleen to body weight ratios(p=0.004).Both LCHs and Pt demonstrated suppression of CFU-e and BFU-e growth compared to naive(psma G-CsF was elevated in Pt compared to both na?ve and LCHs(ps and Pt demonstrated significant histologic right lung injury with poor alveolar wall integrity and interstitial ***:Multicompartmental injury as described here establishes a reproducible model of multicompartmental injury with worsened anemia,splenic tissue enlargement,weight loss,and increased inflammatory activity compared to a less severe *** may serve as a more effective model to recreate profound traumatic injury to replicate the human inflammatory response postinjury.

关键词： anemia i nflammation polytrauma pseudofracture shock

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Converting tRex-RGB green-channel data to 557.7 nm auroral intensity:Methodology and initial results

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earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 258-274页

作者： Jun Liang D.M.Gillies e.spanswick e.F.Donovan University of Calgary CalgaryT2N 1N4Canada

the recently deployed transition Region explorer(tRex)-RGB(red-green-blue)all-sky imager(AsI)is designed to capture“true color”images of the aurora and *** the 557.7 nm green line is usually the brightest emission line in visible auroras,the green channel of a tRex-RGB camera is usually dominated by the 557.7 nm *** this rationale,the tRex mission does not include a specific 557.7 nm imager and is designed to use the RGB green-channel data as a proxy for the 557.7 nm *** this study,we present an initial effort to establish the conversion ratio or formula linking the RGB green-channel data to the absolute intensity of 557.7 nm auroras,which is crucial for quantitative uses of the RGB *** illustrate two approaches:(1)through a comparison with the collocated measurement of green-line auroras from the tRex spectrograph,and(2)through a comparison with the modeled green-line intensity according to realistic electron precipitation flux measurements from low-earth-orbit satellites,with the aid of an auroral transport *** demonstrate the procedures and provide initial results for the tRex-RGB AsIs at the Rabbit Lake and Lucky Lake *** RGB response is found to be *** conversion ratios or formulas between RGB green-channel data and the green-line auroral intensity are given and can be applied immediately by tRex-RGB data *** methodology established in this study will also be applicable to the upcoming sMILe AsI mission,which will adopt a similar RGB camera system in its deployment.

关键词： tRex RGB green-line aurora auroral transport model

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Numerical analysis of thermal plasma scrubber for CF4 decomposition

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Plasma science and technology 2019年第6期21卷 9-14页

作者： J ko t H KIM s CHOI Department of Nuclear and energy engineering Jeju National University Jeju 63243 Republic of Korea Institute for Nuclear science and technology Jeju National University Jeju 63243 Republic of Korea

CF4 gas emitted in the semiconductor and display manufacturing process is a very harmful greenhouse *** must be removed or converted safely due to its extreme *** a CF4 decomposition system using a thermal plasma scrubber was commercialized,its removal efficiency is *** this work,a numerical analysis of CF4 decomposition in the thermal plasma scrubber was carried out in order to propose an efficient decomposition *** decomposition and recombination temperatures of CF4 were analyzed using thermodynamic equilibrium *** chemical reaction of CF4 decomposition into carbon and fluorine gas was considered in this numerical *** injection position and angle of the CF4 were controlled in order to enhance the decomposition *** vertical injection of CF4 near the torch exit improved the mixing of the CF4 with the thermal plasma *** addition,it was confirmed that the high temperature region expanded due to a vortex generated by strong turbulence in the bottleneck-shaped *** a result,it is revealed that the CF4 injection location and the reactor configuration are the most important factors in improving the decomposition rate.

关键词： numerical simulation decomposition CF4 thermal plasma scrubber

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RARRes2's impact on lipid metabolism in triplenegative breast cancer:a pathway to brain metastasis

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Military Medical Research 2024年第2期11卷 311-312页

作者： Quazi t.H.shubhra Institute of Chemistry University of Silesia in Katowice41‑500 ChorzowPoland Department of Neurosurgery Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430060China

Breast cancer brain metastasis(BCBrM)is a crucial and hard area of research which guarantees an urgent need to understand the underlying molecular mechanisms.A recent study by Li et al.[1]published in Military Medical Research investigated the role of retinoic acid receptor responder 2(RARRes2)in regulating lipid metabolism in BCBrM,highlighting the clinical relevance of alterations in lipid metabolites,such as phosphatidylcholine(PC)and triacylglycerols(tAGs),by RARRes2 through the modulation of phosphatase and tensin homologue(PteN)-mammalian target of rapamycin(mtOR)-sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1(sReBP1)signaling *** commentary aims to elaborate on the key findings and their relevance to the field.

关键词： Retinoic acid receptor responder 2(RARRes2) Lipid metabolism Cancer PteN-mtOR-sReBP1 signaling Metabolic reprogramming Brain metastasis

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Immune response to inactivated bacterial vector carrying the recombinant K39 antigen of Leishmania infantum in mice

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Asian Pacific Journal of tropical Biomedicine 2024年第5期14卷 199-206页

作者： Lucelina s.Araújo Bruno B.silva eduarda N.F.N.santos Arnaldo s.Bezerra samuel s.Frota Assis R.Montenegro eridan O.P.t.Florean Maurício Fvan tilburg Maria Izabel F.Guedes Laboratory of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Northeast Biotechnology NetworkState University of CearáFortalezaBrazil Faculty of Veterinary Medicine State University of CearáFortalezaBrazil

Objective:to evaluate the immunological response elicited by an inactivated bacterial vector carrying the K39 antigen of Leishmania infantum,and a purified ***:Mice were subjected to the following treatments:(1)Purified recombinant K39(rK39)protein at a 20μg dose with complete Freund’s adjuvant;(2)Inactivated escherichia coli(BL21 De3)carrying the K39 protein at an equivalent total protein content of 200μg;(3)Inactivated bacteria lacking the K39 protein;(4)Non-immunized control *** monitoring was *** groups were challenged by intraperitoneal injection of 10^(7) Leishmania infantum *** euthanasia,the liver and spleen were collected to analyze the levels of tNF,IFN-γ,IL-12,IL-4,and ***:Mice immunized with purified rK39 or the inactivated bacterial vector carrying the K39 antigen of Leishmania infantum showed a long-lasting immune response with high levels of polyclonal antibodies specifically recognizing the recombinant *** IgG1 subclass was the predominant immunoglobulin;however,the induction of IgG2a and the profile of cytokines produced were indicative of the induction of a mixed-type ***:the inactivated bacterial vector carrying the K39 antigen,as well as the purified antigen can induce a long-lasting immune response in immunized mice,predominantly favouring a th2 profile response.

关键词： Visceral leishmaniasis K39 Inactivated bacterial vector Vaccine Immune response th1 th2 Leishmania infantum

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eP Aquarii:A New Picture of the Circumstellar envelope

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第3期24卷 83-105页

作者： Pham t.Nhung Do t.Hoai Pierre Darriulat Pham tuan-Anh Pham N.Diep Nguyen B.Ngoc tran t.thai Department of Astrophysics Vietnam National Space CenterVietnam Academy of Science and Technology18Hoang Quoc VietNghia DoCau GiayHa Noivietnam

New analyses of earlier ALMA observations of oxygen-rich AGB star eP Aquarii are presented,which complete a previously published analysis and offer a different interpretation of the morpho-kinematics of the circumstellar *** birth of the equatorial density enhancement(eDe)is shown to occur very close to the star where evidence for rotation has been *** to the star and where outflows have been observed:their interaction with the gas of the nascent eDe is seen to play an important role in the development of the wind and the evolution of its radial velocity from 8 to 10 km s^(-1) on the polar symmetry axis to~2 km s^(-1) at the *** implies complex morpho-kinematics:making reliable interpretations with reasonable confidence is *** particular,it questions an earlier interpretation implying the presence of a white dwarf companion orbiting the star at an angular distance of -0″4 from its *** proposes instead an interpretation in terms of a standard mass ejection associated with a shock wave leaving a void of emission in its *** Doppler velocity wings are seen to consist of two components,the upper velocity end of the global wind,reaching above±12 km s^(-1),and an effective line broadening,confined within 200 mas from the center of the star,reaching above±20 km s^(-1) and interpreted as caused by the pattern of shock waves resulting from the interaction between stellar pulsation and convective cell partition.

关键词： stars AGB and post-AGB-(stars) circumstellar matter-radio lines stars

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spontaneous mutations and mutational responses to penicillin treatment in the bacterial pathogen streptococcus pneumoniae D39

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Marine Life science & technology 2024年第3期6卷 198-211页

作者： Wanyue Jiang tongtong Lin Jiao Pan Caitlyn eRivera Clayton tincher Yaohai Wang Yu Zhang Xiang Gao Yan Wang Ho‑Ching t.tsui Malcolm e.Winkler Michael Lynch Hongan Long Institute of evolution and Marine Biodiversity KLMMEOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology Laoshan LaboratoryQingdao 266237China Department of Biology Indiana UniversityBloomingtonIN 47405USA school of Mathematics science Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266000China state Key Laboratory of Microbial technology Microbial Technology InstituteSchool of Life ScienceShandong UniversityQingdao 266237China Biodesign Center for Mechanisms of evolution Arizona State UniversityTempeAZ 85281USA

Bacteria with functional DNA repair systems are expected to have low mutation rates due to strong natural selection for genomic ***,our study of the wild-type streptococcus pneumoniae D39,a pathogen responsible for many common diseases,revealed a high spontaneous mutation rate of 0.02 per genome per cell division in mutation-accumulation(MA)*** rate is orders of magnitude higher than that of other non-mutator bacteria and is characterized by a high mutation bias in the A/t *** high mutation rate may have resulted from a reduction in the overall efficiency of selection,conferred by the tiny effective population size in *** line with this,*** D39 also exhibited the lowest DNA mismatch-repair(MMR)efficiency among *** with the antibiotic penicillin did not elevate the mutation rate,as penicillin did not induce DNA damage and *** lacks a stress response *** findings suggested that the MA results are applicable to within-host scenarios and provide insights into pathogen evolution.

关键词： Neutral evolution Mutation spectrum Antibiotics DNA mismatch repair Oxidative damage repair

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Basis for the diversity and extent in loss of digestible nutrients created by dietary phytin: emphasis on fowl and swine

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 422-428页

作者： edwin t.Moran Michael R.Bedford Poultry science Department Auburn University AB Vista Woodstock Court Blenheim Road

Phytin is the Ca2+-Mg2+-K+salt of phytic acid that is created and deposited in the aleurone layer and/or germ of grains and legumes. Its high presence in feedstuffs for fowl and swine diets results in it being a universal and significant impediment to optimum performance. Phytin impairs gastrointestinal recovery of a wide array of nutrients, the effect varying with the nutrient concerned. On exposure to low pH during gastric digestion, phytin dissociates into phytic acid and solubilized Ca2+. even at low gastric pH,phytic acid is negatively charged which forms the basis of its anti-nutritive behavior. Pepsinogen has extensive basic amino acids on its activation peptide that are presented as cations at low pH which are targeted by pepsin for activation. Partially crystalized Ca2+near the enzyme?s active site further stabilizes its newly formed structure. thus, phytic acid appears to interfere with gastric digestion by several mechanisms; interfering with pepsinogen activation by binding to the polypeptide?s basic amino acids;coordinating free Ca2+, destabilizing pepsin; binding some dietary proteins directly, further compromising gastric proteolysis. Upon digesta attaining neutrality in the duodenum, Ca2+and other cations rebind with accessible anions, phytic acid being a significant contender. Phytate not only binds free cations but can also strip them from enzymes(e.g. Ca2+, Zn2+) which reduces their structural resistance to autolysis and ability as co-factors(e.g. Zn2+) to increase enzyme activity. Goblet cells initially employ Ca2+as an electronic shield between mucin layers enabling granule formation and cell storage. After mucin granule release, Ca2+is progressively displaced by Na+to free the viscous mucins enabling its translocation. Mucin entangles with the glycocalyx of adjacent enterocytes thereby constructing the unstirred water layer（UsWL）. excessive removal of Ca2+from mucin by phytic acid increases its fluidity facilitating its loss from the UsWL with

关键词： Digestive enzyme Calcium endogenous protein Mucin Phytin

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