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国际医学放射学杂志 2021年第5期 609-609页

作者： P.M.Oestmann C.J.Wang L.J.savic C.A.Hamm s.stark I.schobert 陈小倩

摘要目的建立一种基于深度学习模型以区分经病理证实的肝细胞癌(HCC)和非HCC病变,HCC包括MRI上具有不典型影像特征的病变。方法这项经伦理委员会批准的

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Apologos:A Lightweight Design Method for sociotechnical Inquiry

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Journal of social Computing 2021年第4期2卷 297-308页

作者： Luke stark the Faculty of Information and Media studies Western UniversityLondonN6A 0A2Canada

While scholars involved in studying the ethics and politics flowing from digital information and communication systems have sought to impact the design and deployment of digital technologies,the fast pace and iterative tempo of technical development in these contexts,and the lack of structured engagement with sociotechnical questions,have been major barriers to ensuring values are considered explicitly in the R&D *** I introduce Apologos,a lightweight design methodology informed by the author’s experience of the challenges and opportunities of interdisciplinary collaboration between computational and social sciences over a five-year ***,which is inspired by“design apologetics”,is intended as an initial mechanism to introduce technologists to the process of considering how human values impact the digital design process.

关键词： values in design values sensitive design(VsD) artificial intelligence Values@Play design methods sociotechnical ethics values

The Mechanism of Ground Granulated Blastfurnace slag Preventing Alkali Aggregate Reaction

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials science) 2010年第2期25卷 332-341页

作者： stark Jochen FREYBURG Ernst F A Finger-Institute for Building Material science of Bauhaus-University Weimar

Three different methods were applied to study the alkali content of gelpores in cement. In the closed system, the concentration of K＋, Na＋ and OH - have not reduced with the increase of age. In the open system, the diffusion and transferring of K＋ and Na＋ towards free space leads to the de-crease of total alkali content. In the micro-analysis system, the contents of K＋ and Na＋ in the first hy- drated layer of ground granulated blastfurnace slag （GBFs） are very low, while the contents of calcium and magnesium are relatively high. This phenomenon shows that the mechanism of GBFs preventing alkali aggregate reaction （AAR） is： when GBFs is dissolved by alkali medium, siO2 and Al2O3 are dissolved into the cement matrix, then around GBFs particles form reaction rings rich in Ca2＋ and Mg^2＋, and the C-s-H gel of positive charges formed in the area repulses K＋ and Na＋, which are forced to transfer to the mortar＇s matrix, pore or mortar sample surface. The transferred K ^＋ and Na^＋ form alkali gel products with other dissolved ions, then become evenly distributed in the mortar sample and react with Ca（OH）2 in pore solutions to form （Na,K）x-2z·zCa·（siO2）y·（OH）x gel products; and thus changes the AAR gel products＇ structure. The gel products will not expand, and so they can delay expansion destruction.

关键词： granulated blastfurnace slag (GBFs) alkali aggregate reaction (AAR) alkali content preventing mechanism

Role of cytochrome P450 polymorphisms and functions in development of ulcerative colitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第23期25卷 2846-2862页

作者： Alaattin sen Holger stark Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Faculty of Life and Natural SciencesAbdullah Gul UniversityKayseri 38080Turkey Biology Department Faculty of Arts and SciencesPamukkale UniversityDenizli 20070Turkey Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDuesseldorf 40225Germany

Cytochromes P450 s(CYPs) are terminal enzymes in CYP dependent monooxygenases, which constitute a superfamily of enzymes catalysing the metabolism of both endogenous and exogenous substances. One of their main tasks is to facilitate the excretion of these substances and eliminate their toxicities in most phase 1 reactions. Endogenous substrates of CYPs include steroids, bile acids, eicosanoids, cholesterol, vitamin D and neurotransmitters. About 80% of currently used drugs and environmental chemicals comprise exogenous substrates for CYPs. Genetic polymorphisms of CYPs may affect the enzyme functions and have been reported to be associated with various diseases and adverse drug reactions among different populations. In this review, we discuss the role of some critical CYP isoforms(CYP1 A1, CYP2 D6, CYP2 J2, CYP2 R1,CYP3 A5, CYP3 A7, CYP4 F3, CYP24 A1, CYP26 B1 and CYP27 B1) in the pathogenesis or aetiology of ulcerative colitis concerning gene polymorphisms. In addition, their significance in metabolism concerning ulcerative colitis in patients is also discussed showing a clear underestimation in genetic studies performed so far.

关键词： Cytochrome P450 Polymorphism Function Ulcerative colitis Aetiology

The effect of hydrogen bond acceptor properties of ionic liquids on their cellulose solubility

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science China Chemistry 2012年第8期55卷 1663-1670页

作者： stark Annegret sELLIN Martin ONDRUsCHKA Bernd MAssONNE Klemens Institute of Chemical Technology University of Leipzig Linnéstr. 3-4 04107 Leipzig Germany Thuringian Institute of Textile and Plastics Research Breitscheidstr. 97 07407 Rudolstadt-Schwarza Germany Institute for Technical Chemistry and Environmental Chemistry Friedrich-Schiller-University Lessingstr. 12 07743 Jena Germany BAsF sE Chemical Research & Engineering 67056 Ludwigshafen Germany

It is nowadays well-known that ionic liquids can dissolve cellulose. However, little systematic data has been published that shed light onto the influence of the ionic liquid structure on the dissolution of cellulose. We have conducted 1H NMR spec- troscopy of ethanol in a large number of ionic liquids, and found an excellent correlation of the data obtained with the hydro- gen acceptor properties （B-values）. With this tool in hand, it is possible to distinguish between cellulose-dissolving and non-dissolving ionic liquids. A modulating effect of both, the anion of the non-dissolving ionic liquid and its cation was found in solubility studies with binary ionic liquid mixtures. The study was extended to other non-dissolving liquids, namely water and dimethylsulfoxide, and the effect of the cation was also investigated.

关键词： ionic liquids cellulose dissolution hydrogen bonding

Cultured keratinocyte grafting on various biologic matrices

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第二军医大学学报 1998年第S1期19卷 5-12页

作者： stark GB△ Horch RE Voigt M Kopp J saied s Jiao XY Guest professor of second Military Medical University From the Department of Plastic and Hand surgery and Tissue Engineering Lab. and valley TEC University of Freiburg Medical Center Freiburg Germany Department of Plastic surgery Changhai Hospital Second Military Medical University Shanghai 200433

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１ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＣｕｌｔｕｒｅｄｋｅｒａｔｉｎｏｃｙｔｅｓａｓｒｅｌａｔｉｖｅｌｙｄｉｆｅｒｅｎｔｉ－ａｔｉｅｄｓｈｅｅｔｇｒａｆｔｓｈａｖｅｉｍｐｒｏｖｅｄｔｈｅｃａｒｅｆｏｒｂｕｒｎｓａｎｄｏｔｈｅｒｗｏｕｎｄｓ．Ｆｏｒｔｈｅｌａｓｔｄ...

关键词： keratinocyte culture tissue engineering skin substitute burns biomaterials

Hot deformation of Mg-Y-Zn alloy with a low content of the LPsO phase studied by in-situ synchrotron radiation diffraction

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2020年第1期8卷 199-209页

作者： Klaudia Horváth Fekete Daria Drozdenko Jan Capek Kristián Máthis Domonkos Tolnai Andreas.stark Gerardo Garcés Patrik Dobron Department of Physics of Materials Faculty of Mathematics and PhysicsCharles UniversityKe Karlovu 512116 PragueCzech Republic Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAs 25068ˇRežCzech Republic Magnesium Research Center Kumamoto University2-39-1 Kurokami Chuo-ku860-8555 KumamotoJapan Laboratory for Neutron scattering and Imaging Paul Scherrer InstituteVilligen PSI5232Switzerland Institute of Materials science Helmholtz-Zentrum GeesthachtMax-Planck Str.1GeesthachtD21502Germany Department of Physical Metallurgy CENIM-CSICAvenida Gregorio del Amo 8E-28040 MadridSpain

The compressive deformation behavior of the extruded WZ42(Mg98.5Y1Zn0.5 in at.%)magnesium alloy containing a low amount of long-period stacking ordered(LPsO)phase was studied by in-situ synchrotron radiation diffraction *** were conducted at temperatures between room temperature and 350℃.Detailed microstructure investigation was provided by scanning electron microscopy,particularly the backscattered electron imaging and electron backscatter diffraction *** results show that twinning lost its dominance and kinking of the LPsO phase became more pronounced with increasing deformation *** cracks of the LPsO phase and no debonding r at the interface between the LPsO phase and the Mg matrix were observed at temperatures above 200℃.At 350℃,the LPsO phase lost its strengthening effect and the deformation of the alloy was mainly realized by the dynamic recrystallization of the Mg matrix.

关键词： Magnesium alloy LPsO phase Kinking High temperature synchrotron radiation diffraction

CALCULATION OF THE YOUNG's MODULUs OF AN ADsORBED POLYMER LAYER

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Chinese Journal of Polymer science 2007年第1期25卷 95-105页

作者： Rüdiger stark Michael Kappl Hans-Jürgen Butt Max-Planck-Institute for Polymer Research Ackermannweg 1055128 MainzGermany

Polymer layers adsorbed to a surface or in a confined environment often change their mechanical properties. There is even the possibility of solidification of the confined layer. To judge the stiffness of such a layer, we used the Hertz model to calculate the Young＇s modulus of the polymer layer in the confinement of AFM experiments with silicon nitride tip with a radius of curvature ofR ≈ 50 nm and a glass sphere attached to the cantilever R =5 μm. since there is no visible indentation of the layer in the AFM experiments, the layer is either penetrated very easily, or the indentation is too small to be seen in a force curve. The latter would be the case for a polymer layer with a Young＇s modulus above 4 × 10^8 Pa in case of an experiment with a silicon nitride tip and 4×10^5 Pa in case of a glass sphere.

关键词： AFM PDMs PI Confined polymer Young's modulus solidification.

Late immune consequences of combat trauma: A review of trauma-related immune dysfunction and potential therapies

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Military Medical Research 2019年第4期6卷 340-353页

作者： Kelly B.Thompson Luke T.Krispinsky Ryan J.stark Division of Critical Care Medicine Department of PediatricsVanderbilt University School of Medicine2200 Children’s WayNashvilleTN 37232USA Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine Department of PediatricsUniformed Services UniversityNaval Medical Center PortsmouthPortsmouthVA 23708USA

With improvements in personnel and vehicular body armor,robust casualty evacuation capabilities,and damage control resuscitation strategies,more combat casualties are surviving to reach higher levels of care throughout the casualty evacuation *** such,medical centers are becoming more accustomed to managing the deleterious late consequences of combat trauma related to the dysregulation of the immune *** this review,we aim to highlight these late consequences and identify areas for future research and therapeutic *** leads to the dysregulation of both the innate and adaptive immune responses,which places the injured at risk for several late consequences,including delayed wound healing,late onset sepsis and infection,multi-organ dysfunction syndrome,and acute respiratory distress syndrome,which are significant for their association with the increased morbidity and mortality of wounded *** mechanisms by which these consequences develop are complex but include an imbalance of the immune system leading to robust inflammatory responses,triggered by the presence of damage associated molecules and other immune-modifying agents following *** strategies to improve outcomes have been difficult to develop as the immunophenotype of injured personnel following trauma is variable,fluid and difficult to *** more information regarding the triggers that lead to immune dysfunction following trauma is elucidated,it may be possible to identify the immunophenotype of injured personnel and provide targeted treatments to reduce the late consequences of trauma,which are known to lead to significant morbidity and mortality.

关键词： Trauma sepsis Compensatory anti-inflammatory response syndrome Persistent inflammationimmunosuppression and catabolism syndrome Immune dysfunction

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