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Anthropogenic mineral generation and its potential resource supply:The case of niobium

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science China Earth sciences 2024年第8期67卷 2583-2591页

作者： Xianlai ZENG Mois.s Gómez Mahmoud BAKRY Yong GENG Jinhui LI school of Environment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China school of Environmental science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China school of International and Public Affairs Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200030China

The strategy of carbon neutrality is reshaping the global landscape of resource flow and *** the final sink of geological minerals,the proliferated anthropogenic minerals,also called secondary resources,play an increasingly important role in resource supply *** is a critical metal that lacks full concern for its *** fundamental principle of niobium circularity is to recycle and maintain the material as close to the manufacturing process as *** we estimate the niobium-containing applications lost at their end-of-life,underscoring the imperative to minimize such ***,we elucidate the extraction process.s for scrap and alloy quantities throughout the industry's *** from anticipated waste generated by the majority of niobium applications,a forecast indicates a potential loss of approximately 168 kt by 2090 in the absence of ***,with a recycling efficiency of 90%for niobium,the projected loss diminishes to approximately 16 *** delve into the significance of niobium's circular economy and explore various aspects that demand further investigation for a seamless transition from linear to circular practices.

关键词： Niobium Anthropogenic mineral Circular economy Recycling s.stainability

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superplasticity of fine-grained Mg-10Li alloy prepared by severe plastic deformation and understanding its deformation mechanis.s

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第1期12卷 316-331页

作者： H.T.Jeong s.W.Lee W.J.Kim Department of Materials.science and Engineering Hongik UniversityMapo-guSangsu-dong 72-1Seoul 121-791Republic of Korea

The superplastic behavior and associated deformation mechanis.s of a fine-grained Mg-10.1 Li-0.8Al-0.6Zn alloy(LAZ1011)with a grain size of 3.2μm,primarily composed of the BCCβphase and a small amount of the HCPαphase,were examined in a temperature range of 473 K to 623 *** microstructural refinement of this alloy was achieved by employing high-ratio differential speed *** best superplasticity was achieved at 523 K and at strain rates of 10^(-4)-5×10^(-4)s^(-1),where tensile elongations of 550±600%were *** the heating and holding stage of the tensile samples prior to tensile loading,a significant increase in grain size was observed at temperatures above 573 ***,it was important to consider this effect when analyzing and understanding the superplastic deformation behavior and *** the investigated strain rate range,the superplastic flow at low strain rates was governed by lattice diffusion-controlled grain boundary sliding,while at high strain rates,lattice diffusion-controlled dislocation climb creep was the rate-controlling deformation *** was concluded that solute drag creep is unlikely to *** the late stages of deformation at 523 K,it was observed that grain boundary sliding led to the agglomeration of theαphase,resulting in significant strain *** mechanism maps were constructed forβ-Mg-Li alloys in the form of 2D and 3D formats as a function of strain rate,stress,temperature,and grain size,using the constitutive equations for various deformation mechanis.s derived based on the data of the current tes.s.

关键词： Magnesium-lithium alloy superplasticity severe plastic deformation Grain size Grain growth

Consequences of early life stress on the structure and function of the adult mouse retina

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第1期19卷 150-151页

作者： Juan s.Calanni Ruth E.Rosenstein Laboratory of Retinal Neurochemistry and Experimental Ophthalmology Department of Human BiochemistrySchool of Medicine/CEFyBOUniversity of Buenos Aires/CONICETBuenos AiresArgentina

Early-life stress(ELs)refers to a period of environmental/social deprivation,physica l,sexual or emotional abuse,neglect,severe and/or chronic trauma in the prenatal/early postnatal stage,which is closely related to many adverse psychiatric disorders later in life,such as depressive disorder,substance abuse,dysthymia,panic,anxiety,and suicidal behavior in adulthood(Waters and Gould,2022).

关键词： stress life Gould

sleep-based neuronal oscillations as a physiological biomarker for Alzheimer's disease:is night time the right time?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1417-1418页

作者： Jonathan Witton Erica s.Brady Michael T.Craig Department of Clinical and Biomedical sciences Faculty of Health and Life SciencesUniversity of ExeterExeterEnglandUK Gladstone Institute for Neurological Disease San FranciscoCAUSA school of Psychology and Neuroscience College of MedicalVeterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowScotlandUK

Dementia is a devastating syndrome characterized by memory problems,confusion,and behavior changes that prevent people from performing everyday *** is the leading cause of dependency and disability amongst older people,resulting in a global economic cost of ~$1.3 *** 58 million people are currently afflicted by dementia worldwide,with Alzheimer s disease(AD) causing most(60-70%) of these cas.s.

关键词： Alzheimer everyday performing

Application of a simplified ADM1 for full-scale anaerobic co-digestion of cattle slurry and grass.silage:ass.ssment of input variability

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Frontiers of Environmental science & Engineering 2024年第4期18卷 125-139页

作者： sofia Tisocco sören Weinrich Gary Lyons Michael Wills Xinmin Zhan Paul Crosson Civil Engineering College of Science and EngineeringUniversity of GalwayGalwayH91 TK33Ireland Teagasc Animal and Bioscience Research Department Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation CentreDunsanyC15 PW93Ireland Biochemical Conversion Department Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum gemeinnützige GmbHLeipzig 04347Germany Faculty of Energy·Building services·Environmental Engineering Münster University of Applied SciencesSteinfurt 48565Germany Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute HillsboroughBT266DRUK Ryan Institute University of GalwayGalwayH91 TK33Ireland MaREI Research Centre for Energy Climate and MarineRyan InstituteUniversity of GalwayGalwayH91 TK33Ireland

Mathematical modeling of anaerobic digestion is a powerful tool to predict gas yields and optimize the *** Anaerobic Digestion Model No.1(ADM1)is a widely implemented model for this ***,modeling full-scale biogas plants is challenging due to the extensive substrate and parameter characterization *** study describes the modification of the ADM1 through a simplification of individual process phas.s,characteristic components and required ***,the ability of the simplified model to simulate the co-digestion of grass.silage and cattle slurry was evaluated using data from a full-scale biogas *** impacts of substrate composition(crude carbohydrate,protein and lipid concentration)and variability of carbohydrate degradability on simulation results were ass.ssed to identify the most influential *** indicated that the simplified version was able to depict biogas and biomethane production with average model efficiencies,according to the Nash-sutcliffe efficiency(NsE)coefficient,of 0.70 and 0.67,respectively,and was comparable to the original ADM1(average model efficiencies of 0.71 and 0.63,respectively).The variability of crude carbohydrate,protein and lipid concentration did not significantly impact biogas and biomethane output for the data sets *** contrast,carbohydrate degradability seemed to explain much more of the variability in the biogas and methane ***,the application of simplified models provides a reliable bas.s for the process.simulation and optimization of full-scale agricultural biogas plants.

关键词： ADM1 Agricultural feedstocks Biogas technology Input variability Parameter estimation

Managing type 2 diabetes:targeting a microbial enzyme as a novel treatment option

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signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第1期9卷 3-5页

作者： Anikó Keller-Pintér Tamás Korcsmáros Tibor Vellai Department of Biochemistry Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical SchoolUniversity of SzegedSzeged6720Hungary Department of Metabolism Digestion and ReproductionImperial College LondonLondonW120NNUK Quadram Institute Bioscience Norwich Research ParkNorwichNR47UQUK Department of Genetics Eötvös Loránd University(ELTE)Budapest1117Hungary Hungarian Research Network HUN-REN-ELTE Genetics Research Group Budapest1117Hungary

In a recent science article,Wang and colleagues.showed that the dipeptidyl peptidase 4(DPP4)enzyme produced by the gut microbiota can interfere with the effect of host glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1)involved in stimulating insulin secretion,and the specific inhibitor of microbial DPP4(mDPP4),combined with clinical inhibitors of host DPP4 isoenzymes,further promotes blood glucose homeostas.s.1 These results point out why certain patients respond inadequately to an antidiabetic medication.

关键词： homeostas.s stimulating clinical

Ass.ssing the energy saving potential of using adaptive setpoint temperatures:The case study of a regional adaptive comfort model for Brazil in both the present and the future

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Building simulation 2024年第3期17卷 459-482页

作者： Daniel sánchez-García David Bienvenido-Huertas Carlos Rubio-Bellido Ricardo Forgiarini Rupp Department of Electrical Engineering University Carlos III of MadridMadridSpain Department of Building simulation ZEROCEM SLSevilleSpain Department of Building Constructions University of GranadaGranadaSpain Department of Building Constructions II University of SevilleSevilleSpain section of Design for s.stainability Department of Civil and Mechanical EngineeringTechnical University of DenmarkKgs.LyngbyDenmark

It has been found in recent years that using setpoint temperatures based on adaptive thermal comfort models is a successful method of energy *** studies using adaptive setpoint temperatures incorporate international models from AsHRAE standard 55 and *** study,however,has instead considered a regional Brazilian adaptive comfort *** study investigates the energy demand arising from the use of a local Brazilian comfort model in order to ass.ss the energy implications from the use of the worldwide AsHRAE standard 55 adaptive model and various fixed setpoint *** of Brazil’s climate zones,full air-conditioning,mixed-mode building operating modes,present-day climate change scenarios,and future scenarios.specifically Representative Concentration Pathways(RCP)2.6,4.5,and 8.5 for the years 2050 and 2100—have all been taken into account in building energy *** use of adaptive setpoint temperatures based on the Brazilian local model considering mixed-mode has been found to significantly reduce energy consumption when compared to static setpoint temperatures(average energy-saving values ranging from 52%to 58%)and the AsHRAE 55 adaptive model(average values ranging from 15%to 21%).Considering climate change and the mixed-mode Brazilian model,the overall energy demand for the three groups of climatic zones(annual average outdoor temperatures≤21℃,>21 and≤25℃and>25℃)ranged between 2%decrease and 5%increase,4%and 27%increase,and 13%and 45%increase,*** is concluded as a consequence that setting setpoint temperatures based on the Brazilian local adaptive comfort model is a very efficient energy-saving method.

关键词： adaptive thermal comfort building energy simulation energy efficiency climate change adaptive setpoint temperatures local comfort mode

Present and future of new s.stemic therapies for early and intermediate stages of hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第19期30卷 2512-2522页

作者： Juan Jose Urquijo-Ponce Carlos Alventosa-Mateu Mercedes Latorre-sánchez Inmaculada Castelló-Miralles Mois.s Diago Hepatology Unit Department of Digestive Diseas.s Consorcio Hospital General Universitario of ValenciaValencia 46014Spain

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is a high mortality neoplasm which usually appears on a cirrhotic *** therapeutic arsenal and subsequent prognostic outlook are intrinsically linked to the HCC stage at *** the current deployment of treatments with curative intent(liver resection/local ablation and liver transplantation)in early and intermediate stages,a high rate of HCC recurrence pers.sts,underscoring a pivotal clinical *** s.stemic therapies.sT),particularly immunotherapy,have demonstrate promising outcomes in terms of increase overall survival,but they are currently bound to the advanced stage of *** review provides a comprehensive analys.s of the literature,encompassing studies up to March 10,2024,evaluating the impact of novel sT in the early and intermediate HCC stages.specially focusing on the findings of neoadjuvant and adjuvant regimens,aimed at increasing significantly overall survival and recurrence-free survival after a treatment with curative *** also investigate the potential role of sT in enhancing the downstaging rate for the intermediate-stage HCC initially deemed ineligible for treatment with curative ***,we critically discuss about the current relevance of the results of these studies and the encouraging future implications of sT in the treatment schedules of early and intermediate HCC stages.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Early stage Intermediate stage Neoadjuvant Adjuvant s.stemic therapy

Antibacterial HA-coatings on bioresorbable Mg alloy

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第5期12卷 1965-1985页

作者： K.V.Nadaraia D.V.Mashtalyar M.A.Piatkova A.I.Pleshkova I.M.Imshinetskiy M.s.Gerasimenko E.A.Belov V.V.Kumeiko D.N.Kozyrev K.A.Fomenko V.V.Mostovaya B.R.Torpanov A.R.Biktimirov I.s.Osmushko s.L.sinebryukhov s.V.Gnedenkov Institute of Chemistry FEB RAs Far Eastern Federal University A.V.Zhirmunsky National scientific Center of Marine Biology FEB RAs Regional Clinical Dermatovenerological Dispensary NMIC “Treatment and Rehabilitation Center”

In this.study, a calcium-phosphate coating was formed on a Mg-Mn-Ce alloy by the plasma electrolytic oxidation(PEO). The antibiotic vancomycin, widely used in the treatment of infections caused by staphylococcus aureus.s. aureus), was impregnated into the *** with vancomycin showed high bactericidal activity against s. aureus. The mechanical and electrochemical properties of the formed coatings were studied, as well as in vitro cytotoxicity tes.s and in vivo tes.s on mature male rats were performed. According to sEM,EDs, XRD and XPs data, coatings had a developed morphology and contained hydroxyapatite, which indicates high *** analys.s of roughness of coatings without and with vancomycin did not reveal any differences, confirming the high roughness of the samples. During electrochemical tes.s, an increase in corrosion res.stance by more than two times after the application of PEO coatings was revealed. According to the results of an in vivo study, after 28 days of the implantation of samples with calcium phosphate PEO coating and vancomycin, no signs of inflammation were observed, while an inflammatory reaction developed in the area of implantation of bare alloy,followed by encapsulation. Antibiotic release tes.s from the coatings.show a sharp decrease in the concentration of the released antibiotic on day 7 and then a gradual decrease until day 28. Throughout the experiment, no significant deviations in the condition and behavior of the animals were observed; clinical tes.s did not reveal a s.stemic toxic reaction.

关键词： Bioactive coatings Biocompatibility Mg alloy Plasma electrolytic oxidation Hydroxyapatite Vancomycin