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Organizational Changes Needed in Disasters and Public Health Emergencies:A Qualitative study among Managers at a Major Hospital

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International Journal of Disaster Risk science 2022年第4期13卷 481-494页

作者： Ingela Wennman Catharina jacobson Eric Carlström Anders Hyltander Amir Khorram‑Manesh Institute of Health and Care sciences Sahlgrenska AcademyGothenburg University41346GothenburgSweden Preparedness Unit Sahlgrenska University Hospital41305 GothenburgSweden Institute of Clinical sciences Department of SurgerySahlgrenska AcademyGothenburg University41345GothenburgSweden

Most hospitals have a contingency plan,based on all-risks and all-hazards assessment ***,emerging threats and risks often necessitate a flexible approach to emergency management at several levels of a disaster response system,for example,in ***,and possibly other countries,has limited possibilities of surge capacity in the management of large-scale disasters and emergencies,which necessitates a local/national partnership and a flexible local disaster and contingency *** study evaluates the opinions of a selected managerial group,both at operative and strategic levels,regarding possible changes in a major hospital's contingency plan during the ongoing COVID-19 *** interviews were conducted to explore the elements of surge capacity and an operational tool,consisting of command and control,safety,communication,assessment,triage,treatment,and *** results show a need to create feasible management methods that can be evaluated,establish clear leadership,put preparedness as a constant point on the highest managerial agenda,improve external monitoring,and create a regional coordinating ***,the results emphasize the s.g.ificant role played by the incident command system and qualified leadership to facilitate competent and crucial medical decision making,as well as to provide reliable communication,collaboration,and coordination in a multi-agency response system during dynamic and unexpected *** steps enable a constant connection between reactive contingency plans and the proactivity in continuous risk assessment and enhance the flexibility of the contingency plans.

关键词： Disaster risks Organizational changes Public health emergencies sweden

spatial cluster mapping and environmental modeling in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2023年第23期29卷 3688-3702页

作者： Mielle Michaux Justin M Chan Luke Bergmann Luis F Chaves Brian Klinkenberg Kevan jacobson Department of Pediatrics Division of GastroenterologyHepatology and NutritionFaculty of MedicineBritish Columbia Children’s HospitalUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouver V6H 3V4British ColumbiaCanada British Columbia Children’s Hospital Research Institute British Columbia Children’s HospitalVancouver V5Z 4H4British ColumbiaCanada Department of geography University of British ColumbiaVancouver V6T 1Z2British ColumbiaCanada Department of Environmental and Occupational Health School of Public HealthIndiana UniversityBloomingtonIN 47405United States Department of Cellular and Physiological sciences University of British ColumbiaVancouver V6T 1Z3British ColumbiaCanada

BACKgROUND geographical(geospatial)clusters have been observed in inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)incidence and linked to environmental determinants of disease,but pediatric spatial patterns in North America are *** hypothesized that we would identify geospatial clusters in the pediatric IBD(PIBD)population of British Columbia(BC),Canada and associate incidence with ethnicity and environmental *** To identify PIBD clusters and model how spatial patterns are associated with population ethnicity and environmental *** One thousand one hundred eighty-three patients were included from a BC Children’s Hospital clinical registry who met the criteria of diagnosis with IBD≤age 16.9 from 2001–2016 with a valid postal code on file.A spatial cluster detection routine was used to identify areas with similar *** ecological analysis employed Poisson rate models of IBD,Crohn’s disease(CD),and ulcerative colitis(UC)cases as functions of areal population ethnicity,rurality,average family size and income,average population exposure to green space,air pollution,and vitamin-D weighted ultraviolet light from the Canadian Environmental Health Research Consortium,and pesticide *** Hot spots(high incidence)were identified in Metro Vancouver(IBD,CD,UC),southern Okanagan regions(IBD,CD),and Vancouver Island(CD).Cold spots(low incidence)were identified in southeastern BC(IBD,CD,UC),Northern BC(IBD,CD),and on BC’s coast(UC).No high incidence hot spots were detected in the densest urban *** results were represented as incidence rate ratios(IRR)with 95%*** risk factors for PIBD included fine particulate matter(PM2.5)pollution(IRR=1.294,CI=1.113-1.507,Pgricultural application of petroleum oil to orchards and grapes(IRR=1.135,CI=1.007-1.270,P=0.033).south Asian population(IRR=1.020,CI=1.011-1.028,Ps a risk factor and Indigenous population(IRR=0.956,CI=0.941-0.971,Psize(IRR=0.467,CI=0.268-0.81

关键词： Inflammatory bowel diseases Crohn disease Ulcerative colitis Pesticides Air pollution south Asian people

Few-shot Learning Enables Population-scale Analysis of Leaf Traits in Populus trichocarpa

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Plant Phenomics 2023年第3期5卷 581-597页

作者： John Lagergren Mirko Pavicic Hari B.Chhetri Larry M.York Doug Hyatt David Kainer Erica M.Rutter Kevin Flores Jack Bailey-Bale Marie Klein gail Taylor Daniel jacobson Jared streich Biosciences Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTNUSA Department of Applied Mathematics University of CaliforniaMercedCAUSA Department of Mathematics North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNCUSA Department of Plant sciences University of CaliforniaDavisCAUSA

Plant phenotyping is typically a time-consuming and expensive endeavor,requiring large groups of researchers to meticulously measure biologically relevant plant traits,and is the main bottleneck in understanding plant adaptation and the genetic architecture underlying complex traits at population *** this work,we address these challenges by leveraging few-shot learning with convolutional neural networks to s.g.ent the leaf body and visible venation of 2,906 Populus trichocarpa leaf images obtained in the *** contrast to previous methods,our approach(a)does not require experimental or image preprocessing,(b)uses the raw RgB images at full resolution,and(c)requires very few samples for training(e.g.,just 8 images for vein s.g.entation).Traits relating to leaf morphology and vein topology are extracted from the resulting s.g.entations using traditional open-source image-processing tools,validated using real-world physical measurements,and used to conduct a genome-wide association study to identify genes controlling the *** this way,the current work is des.g.ed to provide the plant phenotyping community with(a)methods for fast and accurate image-based feature extraction that require minimal training data and(b)a new population-scale dataset,including 68 different leaf phenotypes,for domain scientists and machine learning *** of the few-shot learning code,data,and results are made publicly available.

关键词： networks neural image

Consecutive fecal calprotectin measurements for predicting relapse in pediatric Crohn's disease patients

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2019年第10期25卷 1266-1277页

作者： Alice Jane Foster Matthew smyth Alam Lakhani Benjamin Jung Rollin F Brant Kevan jacobson Division of gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionBritish Columbia Children’s Hospital Pediatrics B.C.Children’s Hospital Research Institute Pediatrics British Columbia children’s HospitalUniversity of British Columbia Department of statistics University of British Columbia Department of Cellular and Physiological sciences Faculty of Medicine

BACKgROUND Asymptomatic children with Crohn's disease(CD) require ongoing monitoring to ensure early recognition of a disease *** In a cohort of pediatric CD patients, we aimed to assess the utility of serial fecal calprotectin measurements to detect intestinal inflammatory activity and predict disease *** In this prospective longitudinal cohort study, children with CD on infliximab therapy in clinical remission were included. Fecal calprotectin levels were assessed at baseline and at subsequent 2-5 visits. Clinical and biochemical disease activity were assessed using the Pediatric Crohn's Disease Activity Index, Creactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate at baseline and at visits over the following 18 *** 53 children were included and eighteen patients(34%) had a clinical disease relapse during the study. Baseline fecal calprotectin levels were higher in patients that developed symptomatic relapse [median(interquartile range), relapse 723μg/g(283-1758) vs 244 μg/g(61-627), P = 0.02]. Fecal calprotectin levels > 250μg/g demonstrated good predictive accuracy of a clinical flare within 3 mo(area under the receiver operator curve was 0.86, 95% confidence limits 0.781 to 0.937).CONCLUsION Routine fecal calprotectin testing in children with CD in clinical remission is useful to predict relapse. Levels > 250 μg/g are a good predictor of relapse in the following 3 mo. This information is important to guide monitoring standards used in this population.

关键词： Fecal calprotectin Disease relapse Biomarker Crohn’s disease Children

saccharomyces cerevisiae CNCM I-3856 in irritable bowel syndrome: An individual subject meta-analysis

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2017年第2期23卷 336-344页

作者： Amélie Cayzeele-Decherf Fanny Pélerin sébastien Leuillet Benoit Douillard Béatrice Housez Murielle Cazaubiel gunnard K jacobson Peter Jüsten Pierre Desreumaux Lesaffre Human Care Lesaffre Group Biofortis-Mérieux Nutris ciences Lesaffre Yeast Corporation Lesaffre Group CHU Lille Department of GastroenterologyClaude Huriez Hospital Lille University North of France INsERM U995

AIM To confirm previous conclusions on saccharomyces cerevisiae(s. cerevisiae) CNCM I-3856 for irritable bowel syndrome(IBs) *** An individual patient data meta-analysis was performed on two randomized clinical trials studying the effect of s. cerevisiae CNCM I-3856 supplementation on gastrointestinal(gI) symptoms in IBs subjects. A total of 579 IBs subjects were included. Outcomes were the daily Likert scale scores of abdominal pain/discomfort and bloating [area under the curve(AUC) and weekly means], responder status, and bowel movements(stool frequency and consistency). statistical analyses were conducted in Intent to Treat(ITT) population, IBs-C subjects and IBs-C subjects with an abdominal pain/discomfort score higher than or equal to 2 at baseline("IBs-C ≥ 2 subpopulation").REsULTs s. cerevisiae CNCM I-3856 s.g.ificantly improved abdominal pain/discomfort and bloating during the second month of supplementation [AUC(W5-W8)]with improvement up to the minimal clinically relevant threshold of 10%: a 12.3% reduction of abdominal pain/discomfort in the ITT population compared to the Placebo group(P = 0.0134) has been observed. In the IBs-C ≥ 2 subpopulation, there were a 13.1% reduction of abdominal pain/discomfort and a 14.9% reduction of bloating compared to the Placebo group(P = 0.0194 and P = 0.0145, respectively). gI symptoms s.g.ificantly decreased during supplementation but no statistical differences were reported between groups at the end of the supplementation period. Responder status was defined as a subject who experienced a decrease of 1 arbitrary unit(a.u.) or 50% of the abdominal discomfort score from baseline for at least 2 wk out of the last 4 wk of the study. A s.g.ificant difference between groups was reported in the ITT population, when considering the first definition: subjects in the Active group had 1.510 higher odds to be a responder(reduction of 1 a.u. of abdominal pain/discomfort) compared with subjects in the Placebo group(P

关键词：急躁的肠症候群 saccharomyces cerevisiae 便秘腹的疼痛 Probiotics

Physicochemical properties of proton-conducting smNiO3 epitaxial films

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Journal of Materiomics 2019年第2期5卷 247-251页

作者： Xing Xu Chen Liu Jing Ma Allan J.jacobson Cewen Nan Chonglin Chen school of Material science and Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100086China Department of Chemistry and Texas Center for superconductivity University of HoustonHoustonTX77204USA Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Texas at San AntonioSan AntonioTX78249USA

Proton conducting smNiO_(3)(sNO)thin films were grown on(001)LaAlO_(3)substrates for systematically investigating the proton transport properties.X-ray Diffraction and Atomic Force Microscopy studies reveal that the as.g.own sNO thin films have good single crystallinity and smooth surface *** electrical conductivity measurements in air indicate a peak at 473 K in the temperature dependence of the resistance of the sNO films,probably due to oxygen loss on heating.A Metal-Insulator-Transition occurs at 373 K for the films after annealing at 873 K in *** a hydrogen atmosphere(3%H_(2)/97%N_(2)),an anomalous peak in the resistance is found at 685 K on the first heating *** Impedance spectroscopy studies as a function of temperature indicate that the sNO films have a high ionic conductivity(0.030 s/cm at 773 K)in a hydrogen *** activation energy for proton conductivity was determined to be 0.23 eV at 473-773 K and 0.37 eV at 773e973 K *** findings demonstrate that sNO thin films have good proton conductivity and are good candidate electrolytes for low temperature proton-conducting solid Oxide Fuel Cells.

关键词： smNiO_(3) Thin film Transport properties Ionic conductivity Impedance measurements

中奥陶统有机质组合及其对奥陶系派生原油的影响

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国外油气勘探 1991年第1期 1-9页

作者： s.R.jacobson 胡望水

在衣阿华州,热未成熟到边际成熟的生油岩中,存在两种偏向生油的独特中奥陶世有机质组合。显然更易于生油的A组合产生独有的"奥陶系石油"指纹,与微化石gloeocapsamorpha prisca的有机壳有关。B组合则产生了更加常见的标记。这两类组合在... 详细信息

在衣阿华州,热未成熟到边际成熟的生油岩中,存在两种偏向生油的独特中奥陶世有机质组合。显然更易于生油的A组合产生独有的"奥陶系石油"指纹,与微化石gloeocapsamorpha prisca的有机壳有关。B组合则产生了更加常见的标记。这两类组合在北美许多奥陶系沉积中混合或交替出现,可以解释来自奥陶系生油岩的多种原油类型。这种混合物也有助于解释***的化学性质。化验了衣阿华州三口井中钻入Decorah组古登堡段向下到***砂岩的原生碳酸盐岩层序的岩心样品。对生油岩的沥青抽提物和附近的石油进行显微镜、Roc-Eval热解和毛细管气相色层分离分析,用来评价两类组合。A组合占优势的岩石中溶剂抽提物有鉴别奥陶系的气相色谱标记,在C11—C19正构烷烃范围内存在奇数碳优势、较重正构烷烃含量低、实质上缺失包含姥鲛烷和植烷在内的类异戊二烯。尽管A组合只出现在极薄层中,仍有生油潜力,以致几英寸厚的岩层可能很重要。含B组合占优势的岩石抽提物显示了奇数碳优势减小、正构烷烃的全剖面特征以及明显地存在包括姥鲛烷和植烷的类异戊二烯。在北美、欧州波罗的海地区、澳大利亚大多数古生代盆地所见到的中奥陶生油岩中,衣阿华州的这些岩样具代表性。因此,从衣阿华州这些中奥陶岩石样品得出的结论,给在其它许多地区发现的奥陶系石油多样解释提供了依据。

关键词：生油岩有机质组合奥陶系正构烷烃溶解抽提热解抽提

The orbit of Phoebe from Earthbased and Voyager observations

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The orbit of Phoebe from Earthbased and Voyager observations

Verifying the Franz-Wiedemann Law in the Undergraduate Laboratory

中国天文学会恒星分会2004年学术年会

作者： R.A. jacobson 301-150 Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology 4800 Oak Grove Drive Pasadena CA 91109-8099 U.S.A.

This article presents the results of a ?t of a numerically integrated orbit for the saturnian satel- lite Phoebe to Earthbased astrometric observations (from 1904 to 1996) and imaging data acquired by

关键词： ephemerides — planets and satellites: general — planets and satellites: individual: phoebe

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Journal of Physical science and Application 2013年第5期3卷 328-331页

作者： Andrea Clark Logan jacobson Patrick Polley Department of Physics and Astronomy Beloit College Beloit W153511

The Franz-Wiedemann law is similar to Ohm"s law in that it applies to an important but narrow set of materials. In 1853 R. Franz and g. Wiedemann observed that in metals the ratio of the thermal conductivity to the electrical conductivity is a constant. This observation s.g.ests that whatever mechanism or particle is involved in the transmission of electrical current through a metal may also be responsible for the transmission of heat. In this paper we present an inexpensive and quick experiment through which this law may be verified for copper, aluminum and zinc.

关键词：实验室验证本科欧姆定律热量传输导电率热导率金属