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Two-s.ream Approximation to the Radiative Trans.er Equation:A New Improvement and Comparative Accuracy with Exis.ing Methods

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Advances.in Atmos.heric s.iences 2024年第2期41卷 278-292页

作者： f.Momo TEMGOUA L.Akana NGUIMDO DNJOMO Environmental Energy Technologies.Laboratory(EETL) Faculty of SciencesUniversity of YaoundéPO Box 812 YaoundéCameroon Department of.Electrical and Electronic Engineering Faculty of Engineering and TechnologyUniversity of BueaPO Box 63 BueaCameroon

Mathematical modeling of.the interaction between s.lar radiation and the Earth's.atmos.here is.f.rmalized by the radiative trans.er equation(RTE), whos. res.lution calls.f.r two-s.ream approximations.among other methods. This.paper propos.s.a new two-s.ream approximation of.the RTE with the development of.the phas. f.nction and the intens.ty into a third-order s.ries.of.Legendre polynomials. This.new approach, which adds.one more term in the expres.ion of.the intens.ty and the phas. f.nction, allows.in the conditions.of.a plane parallel atmos.here a new mathematical f.rmulation of.γparameters. It is.then compared to the Eddington, Hemis.heric Cons.ant, Quadrature, Combined Delta f.nction and Modif.ed Eddington, and s.cond-order approximation methods.with ref.rence to the Dis.rete Ordinate(Dis.rt) method(δ –128 s.reams., cons.dered as.the mos. precis.. This.work als. determines.the convers.on f.nction of.the propos.d New Method us.ng the f.ndamental def.nition of.two-s.ream approximation(f.Ts.) developed in a previous.work. Notably,New Method has.generally better precis.on compared to the s.cond-order approximation and Hemis.heric Cons.ant methods. Compared to the Quadrature and Eddington methods. New Method s.ows.very good precis.on f.r wide domains.of.the zenith angle μ 0, but tends.to deviate f.om the Dis.rt method with the zenith angle, es.ecially f.r high values.of.optical thicknes.. In s.ite of.this.divergence in ref.ectance f.r high values.of.optical thicknes., very s.rong correlation with the Dis.rt method(R ≈ 1) was.obtained f.r mos. cas.s.of.optical thicknes. in this.s.udy. An analys.s.of.the Legendre polynomial s.ries.f.r s.mple f.nctions.s.ows.that the high precis.on is.due to the f.ct that the approximated f.nctions.ameliorate the accuracy when the order of.approximation increas.s. although it has.been proven that there is.a limit order depending on the f.nction f.om which the precis.on is.los.. This.obs.rvation indicates.that increas.ng the order of.app

关键词： Radiative Trans.er Equation two-s.ream method Legendre polynomial optical thicknes. moments.of.s.ecif.c intens.ty convers.on f.nction trans.ittance ref.ectance

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Ads.rption of.yttrium(Y^(3+)) and concentration of.rare earth elements.f.om phos.hogyps.m us.ng chitin and chitin aerogel

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Journal of.Rare Earths 2024年第4期42卷 775-782页

作者： Glayds.n s.dos.Reis.Diana Pinto s.brina f.Lütke Eder C.Lima Luis.f.O.s.lva Irineu A.s.De Brum Guilherme L.Dotto Department of.f.res. Biomaterials.and Technology Biomas. Technology Centre Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesUmeaE13Swedn Univers.dad De La Cos.a Calle 58#55-66080002BarranquillaAtlanticoColombia Res.arch Group on Ads.rptive and Catalytic Proces. Engineering(ENGEPAC) Federal University of Santa MariaAv.Roraima100079705900Santa MariaRSBrazil Ins.itute of.Chemis.ry Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul90040060Porto AlegreBrazil

Chitin powder and chitin-aerogel were prepared f.om s.rimp was.es.and us.d to uptake Y^(3+)f.om aqueous.s.lutions.and concentrate this.rare earth element f.om phos.hogyps.m(PG).Chitin aerogel dis.lays.a s.ecif.c s.rf.ce area of.945 m^(2)/g,while chitin powder is.3.6 m^(2)/g,which largely inf.uences.its.ads.rption *** the ads.rption in s.nthetic s.lutions.the ef.ect of.pH on Y^(3+)removal is.s.rong f.r chitin powder *** contras.,no big pH inf.uence was.detected f.r chitin *** interactions.and chelation can highlight the propos.d mechanis. of.Y^(3+)on chitin ads.rbents.f.r the powder and ***,in addition to thes. interactions.pore f.lling/pore dif.us.on is.the main mechanis. of.Y^(3+)removal in the chitin *** aerogel is.ef.icient in concentrating 8 times.the Y^(3+)f.om PG,a very complex *** complex chitin aerogel-Y^(3+)can be a s.condary s.urce of.rare earth elements.f.r other applications.

关键词： Rare earths s.s.ainable material Chitin powder Chitin porous.aerogel Yttrium ads.rption and recovery

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s.ructural s.milarity of.lithos.heric velocity models.of.Chines. mainland

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Earthquake s.ience 2024年第6期37卷 514-528页

作者： Huang f. Bao X. Dai Q.A. Li X. Department of.Earth and s.ace s.iences Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China s.uthern Marine s.ience and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou) Guangzhou 511458 China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of.Geophys.cal High-res.lution Imaging Technology Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China s.hool of.Geophys.cs.and Inf.rmation Technology China University of Geosciences (Beijing) Beijing 100083 China

Exis.ing lithos.heric velocity models.exhibit s.milar s.ructures.typically as.ociated with the f.rs.-order tectonic f.atures. with dis.imilarities.due to dif.erent data and methods.us.d in model generation. The quantif.cation of.model s.ructural s.milarity can help in interpreting the geophys.cal properties.of.Earth's.interior and es.ablis.ing unif.ed models.crucial in natural hazard as.es.ment and res.urce exploration. Here we employ the complex wavelet s.ructural s.milarity index meas.re (CW-s.IM) active in computer image proces.ing to analyze the s.ructural s.milarity of.f.ur lithos.heric velocity models.of.Chines. mainland publis.ed in the pas. decade. We take advantage of.this.method in its.multis.ale def.nition and ins.ns.tivity to s.ight geometrical dis.ortion like trans.ation and s.aling, which is.particularly crucial in the s.ructural s.milarity analys.s.of.velocity models.accounting f.r uncertainty and res.lution. Our res.lts.s.ow that the CW-s.IM values.vary in dif.erent model pairs. horizontal locations. and depths. While variations.in the inter-model CW-s.IM are partly owing to dif.erent databas.s.in the model generation, the dif.erence of.tomography methods.may s.gnif.cantly impact the s.milar s.ructural f.atures.of.models. s.ch as.the low s.milarities.between the f.ll-wave bas.d f.EA18 and other three models.in northeas.ern China. We f.nally s.gges. potential s.lutions.f.r the next generation of.tomographic modeling in dif.erent areas.according to corres.onding s.ructural s.milarities.of.exis.ing models. © 2023 The Authors

关键词： Chines. mainland lithos.here s.ructural s.milarity tomography velocity model

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Unders.anding intrarenal backf.ow: Intrarenal pres.ure during ureteros.opy and beyond

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As.an Journal of.Urology 2024年第2期11卷 139-142页

作者： Palle J.s.Os.her s.s.nne s.Os.her Maria P.Hes.elholt s.f.a Byllov s.ren K.Lildal Louis. f.Øbro Helene Jung Urological Res.arch Center Department of UrologyVejle Hospital(a part of Lillebaelt Hospital)University Hospital of Southern DenmarkVejleDenmark Department of.Regional Health Res.arch University of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark

The number of.ureterorenos.opic procedures.f.r upper urinary tract s.one management has.increas.d dramatically during recent years.worldwide[1].Developments.in f.exible ureteros.ope and las.r technology have made it pos.ible to s.cces.f.lly addres. larger and more complex s.one s.enarios.*** the other hand,this.means.that more and more patients.are expos.d to the potential advers. ef.ects.of.ureteros.opy[2].In general,ureteros.opy is.cons.dered a s.f. ***,s.rious.complications.and even deaths.do occur,and thes. events.are mos. likely underreported[3,4].

关键词： beyond likely ureter

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Prevelance of.Bovine Cys.icercos.s.in Egypt and the Cys.icidal Ef.ect of.Two Extracts.Obtained f.om Balanites.aegyptiaca and Moringa oleif.ra on Mice Model Af.ected with T. s.ginata Cys.icerci

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Open Journal of.Animal s.iences 2024年第2期14卷 39-55页

作者： Omnia M. Kandil Noha M. f. hassan Doaa s.dky Hatem A. s.alaby Heba M. As.ry Nadia M. T. Abu El Ezz s.har M. Kandeel Mohamed s. Abdelf.ttah L. Ying Ebtes.m M. Al-Olayan Paras.tology and Animal Dis.as.s.Department Veterinary Research Institute National Research Centre Dokki Cairo Egypt Chemis.ry of.Natural Compounds.Department Pharmaceutical and Drugs Industries Research Institute National Research Centre Dokki Cairo Egypt Chemis.ry Department Faculty of Science Helwan University Cairo Egypt s.ate Key Laboratory of.Plateau Ecology and Agriculture Qinghai University Xining China College of.Agriculture and Animal Hus.andry Qinghai University Xining China Department of.Zoology Collage of Science King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia

The aim of.the pres.nt s.udy was.to determine the prevalence of.bovine cys.icercos.s.in both cattle and buf.loas. in Egypt and to as.es. the cys.icidal ef.icacy of.Balanites.aegyptiaca f.uits.(B. aegyptiaca) and Moringa oleif.ra s.eds.(M. oleif.ra) extracts.in experimentally inf.cted mice. The s.udy detected the level of.tumor necros.s.f.ctor (TNf.α) to monitor the immune and inf.ammatory res.ons.s.of.experimentally inf.cted mice. Through meat ins.ection, a total number of.2125 male bovine, 2 to 5 years.old, (1125 cattle and 1000 buf.loes. were examined under the authority of.Albs.tine and Alwaraq of.icial abattoirs.in Cairo Governorate, Egypt covering the period extended f.om March 2022 to April 2023. The overall prevalence of.the dis.as. among bovine was.7.8% (6.31% of.cattle and 9.5% of.buf.loes.. Bes.des. B. aegyptiaca and M. oleif.ra extracts.s.owed cys.icidal activity in experimentally inf.cted mice. A decreas. in the numbers.of.cys.icerci was.f.und in all treated mice groups. and up to 88% reduction was.achieved in the B. aegyptiaca-treated group;higher than that was.recorded in both M. oleif.ra (72.23%) and albendazole-treated ones.(80.56%). Pos.mortem f.ndings.proved that M. oleif.ra and B. aegyptiaca reduced cys.icerci numbers.comparable to a commercial anthelmintic. The s.udy s.owed a s.gnif.cant decreas. (P 0.001) in TNf.α levels.af.er treatment with Balanites.and Moringa extracts. compared with the untreated control and the albendazole-treated groups.

关键词： Prevalence Balanites.aegyptiaca Moringa oleif.ra Mice T. s.ginata Cys.icerci

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Towards.ef.icient s.rain engineering of.2D materials.A f.ur-points.bending approach f.r compres.ive s.rain

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Nano Res.arch 2024年第6期17卷 5317-5325页

作者： Hao Li f.lix Carras.os. Ana Borrás.Gloria P.Moreno f.ancis.o J.Aparicio Ángel Barranco Andrés.Cas.ellanos.Gómez Campus.de Cantoblanco Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de MadridC.Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz328049 MadridSpain Nanotechnology on s.rf.ces.and Plas.a Lab Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla(CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla).C/Americo Vespucio 49E-41092 SevilleSpain Departamento de f.s.ca Aplicada I Escuela Politécnica SuperiorUniversidad de Sevillac/Virgen deÁfrica 7E-41011 SevilleSpain

s.rain engineering,as.a powerf.l s.rategy to tune the optical and electrical properties.of.two-dimens.onal(2D)materials.by def.rming their crys.al lattice,has.attracted s.gnif.cant interes. in recent years.2D materials.can s.s.ain ultra-high s.rains.even up to 10%,due to the lack of.dangling bonds.on their s.rf.ce,making them ideal brittle *** remarkable mechanical res.lience,together with a s.rong s.rain-tunable band s.ructure,endows.2D materials.with a broad optical and electrical res.ons. upon ***,s.rain engineering bas.d on 2D materials.is.res.ricted by their nanos.ale and s.rain quantif.cation *** this.s.udy,we have modif.ed a homebuilt three-points.bending apparatus.to trans.orm it into a f.ur-points.bending apparatus.that allows.f.r the application of.both compres.ive and tens.le s.rains.on 2D *** approach allows.f.r the ef.icient and reproducible cons.ruction of.a s.rain s.s.em and minimizes.the buckling ef.ect caus.d by the van der Waals.interaction by adamantane encaps.lation *** res.lts.demons.rate the f.as.bility of.introducing compres.ive s.rain on 2D materials.and the potential f.r tuning their optical and phys.cal properties.through this.approach.

关键词： uniaxial compres.ive s.rain polymer encaps.lation dif.erential ref.ectance s.ectros.opy exciton tunability

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Ins.lin therapy in type 2 diabetes. Ins.ghts.into clinical ef.icacy, patient-reported outcomes. and adherence challenges

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World Journal of.Diabetes 2024年第5期15卷 828-852页

作者： Mahmoud Emad-Eldin Gehan f.Balata Eman A Els.orbagy Mona s.Hamed Mohamed s.Attia Department of.Pharmacy Practice Faculty of PharmacyZagazig UniversityZagazig HFQM+872Al-Sharqia GovernorateEgypt Department of.Pharmacy Practice Faculty of PharmacyHeliopolis UniversityCairo 44519Egypt Department of.Pharmaceutics Faculty of PharmacyZagazig UniversityZagazig 44519Al-Sharqia GovernorateEgypt Department of.Internal Medicine Faculty of MedicineZagazig UniversityZagazig 44519Al-Sharqia GovernorateEgypt Department of.Community at f.culty of.Medicine Zagazig UniversityZagazig 44519Al-Sharqia GovernorateEgypt

Ins.lin therapy plays.a crucial role in the management of.type 2 diabetes.as.the dis.as. *** the pas. century,ins.lin f.rmulations.have undergone s.gnif.cant modif.cations.and bioengineering,res.lting in a divers. range of.available ins.lin *** products.s.ow dis.inct pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic ***,various.ins.lin regimens.have em-erged f.r the management of.type 2 diabetes.including premixed f.rmulations.and combinations.of.bas.l and bolus.*** utilization of.dif.erent ins.lin regimens.yields.dis.arate clinical outcomes.advers. events.and,notably,patient-reported outcomes.PROs..PROs.provide valuable ins.ghts.f.om the patient’s.pers.ective,s.rving as.a valuable mine of.inf.rmation f.r enhancing healthcare and inf.rming clinical *** to ins.lin therapy,a critical patient-reported outcome,s.gnif.cantly af.ects.clinical outcomes.and is.inf.uenced by multiple *** review provides.ins.ghts.into the clinical ef.ectivenes. of.various.ins.lin preparations.PROs.and f.ctors.impacting ins.lin therapy adherence,with the aim of.enhancing healthcare practices.and inf.rming clinical decis.ons.f.r individuals.with type 2 diabetes.

关键词： Adherence Diabetes Ins.lin Patient-reported outcomes Pharmacokinetic Pharmacodynamic

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A Comprehens.ve Review on Charging Topologies.and Power Electronic Converter s.lutions.f.r Electric Vehicles

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Journal of.Modern Power s.s.ems.and Clean Energy 2024年第3期12卷 675-694页

作者： Abdelf.tah Ali Hos.am H.H.Mous. Mos.af. f.s.aaban Maher A.Azzouz Ahmed s.A.Awad the Department of.Electrical Engineering American University of Sharjah26666 SharjahUnited Arab Emirates the Department of.Electrical Engineering South Valley University83523 QenaEgypt the Department of.Electrical and Computer Engineering University of WindsorWindsorON N9B 3P4 Canada Electrical Engineering Department Qatar UniversityDoha 2713Qatar Department of.Electrical and Computer Engineering Sultan Qaboos UniversityMuscat123Oman

Electric vehicles.EVs.are becoming more popular worldwide due to environmental concerns.f.el s.curity,and price *** perf.rmance of.EVs.relies.on the energy s.ored in their batteries.which can be charged us.ng either AC(s.ow)or DC(f.s.)***,EVs.can als. be us.d as.mobile power s.orage devices.us.ng vehicle-to-grid(V2G)*** electronic converters.PECs.have a cons.ructive role in EV applications.both in charging EVs.and in ***,this.paper comprehens.vely inves.igates.the s.ate of.the art of.EV charging topologies.and PEC s.lutions.f.r EV *** examines.PECs.f.om the point of.view of.their clas.if.cations.conf.gurations.control approaches.and f.ture res.arch pros.ects.and their impacts.on power *** can be clas.if.ed into various.topologies.DC-DC converters.AC-DC converters.DC-AC converters.and AC-AC *** addres. the limitations.of.traditional DC-DC converters.s.ch as.s.itching los.es.s.ze,and high-electromagnetic interf.rence(EMI),res.nant converters.and multiport converters.are being us.d in high-voltage EV ***,power-train converters.have been modif.ed f.r high-ef.iciency and reliability in EV *** paper of.ers.an overview of.charging topologies.PECs.challenges.with s.lutions.and f.ture trends.in the f.eld of.the EV charging s.ation applications.

关键词： Charging s.ation charging topology electric vehicle power electronic converter vehicle-to-grid

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Macros.opic Travers.ble Wormholes. Minimum Requirements

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International Journal of.As.ronomy and As.rophys.cs 2024年第3期14卷 230-243页

作者： Peter K. f. Kuhf.ttig Department of.Mathematics Milwaukee School of Engineering Milwaukee USA

While wormholes.are jus. as.good a prediction of.Eins.ein’s.theory as.black holes. they are s.bject to s.vere res.rictions.f.om quantum f.eld theory. To allow f.r the pos.ibility of.inters.ellar travel, a macros.opic wormhole would need to maintain s.f.iciently low radial tidal f.rces. It is.propos.d in this.paper that the as.umption of.zero tidal f.rces. i.e., the limiting cas., is.s.f.icient f.r overcoming the res.rictions.f.om quantum f.eld theory. The f.as.bility of.this.approach is.s.bs.quently dis.us.ed by 1) introducing the additional conditions.needed to ens.re that the radial tidal f.rces.can indeed be s.f.iciently low and 2) by viewing travers.ble wormholes.as.emergent phenomena, thereby increas.ng the likelihood of.their exis.ence.

关键词： Morris.Thorne Wormholes Travers.bility Minimum Requirements s.ability Compatibility with Quantum f.eld Theory

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Impaired Cognition and s.roke Rehabilitation Outcomes. Are They Related?

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Open Journal of.Therapy and Rehabilitation 2024年第2期12卷 101-116页

作者： Eric f. Tanlaka Torri Trojand f.culty of.Nurs.ng University of Windsor Windsor Canada

Background: s.roke s.rvivors.who exhibit impaired cognition at admis.ion to inpatient rehabilitation may experience participation challenges.and poorer f.nctional outcomes.than thos. without impaired cognition. Dif.erences.in f.nctional outcomes.between s.roke s.rvivors.with and without impaired cognition may be attributed to age, level of.cognitive impairment, and s.verity of.s.roke. Materials.and Methods. A retros.ective s.condary data analys.s.was.conducted us.ng health-related adminis.rative data acquired f.om a s.uthwes.ern Ontario hos.ital’s.s.roke rehabilitation databas.. The aim was.to explore potential linkages.between pos.-s.roke impaired cognition and f.nctional gains. rehabilitation s.ays. and living s.ttings.af.er dis.harge f.om rehabilitation. Res.lts. An aggregate s.mple of.393 males.and 314 f.males.s.bclas.if.ed as.experiencing mild, moderate, and s.vere s.roke was.analyzed. At inpatient rehabilitation admis.ion, 21.5% (n = 152) of.thes. patients.had no impaired cognition, 33.7% (n = 238) had mild impaired cognition, 22.2% (n = 157) had moderate impaired cognition, and 22.6% (n = 160) had s.vere impaired cognition. Cognitively impaired s.roke patients.were s.gnif.cantly (p 0.001) older, had (mos.ly) moderate to s.vere s.roke with s.gnif.cantly (p = 0.012) more moderate cognitive impairment, had s.gnif.cantly (p 0.001) longer rehabilitation s.ays. and a high propens.ty f.r being dis.harged to longer-term care f.cilities.compared to non-cognitively impaired patients. Conclus.on: Pres.nce of.s.gnif.cant dis.imilarity in rehabilitation s.ays.and pos.-dis.harge des.inations.among s.roke s.rvivors.with and without cognitive impairment is.attributed to the age of.the patient, level of.cognitive impairment, and rigorous.rehabilitation interventions.

关键词： s.roke Impaired Cognition Inpatient Rehabilitation f.nctional Outcomes

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