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The use of near infrared transmittance kernel sorting technology to salvage high quality grain from grain downgraded due to Fusarium damage

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Animal Nutrition 2015年第1期1卷 41-46页

作者： Michael E.Kautzman mark L.Wickstrom Tom A.scott Toxicology Centre University of Saskatchewan Department of Veterinary Biomedical sciences College of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Saskatchewan Department of Animal and Poultry science College of AgricultureUniversity of Saskatchewan

The mycotoxins associated with specific Fusarium fungal infections of grains are a threat to global food and feed security. These fungal infestations are referred to as Fusarium Head Blight(FHB) and lead to Fusarium Damaged Kernels(FDK). Incidence of FDK >0.25% will lower the grade, with a tolerance of 5%FDK for export feed grain. During infestation, the fungi can produce a variety of mycotoxins, the most common being deoxynivalenol(DON). Fusarium Damaged Kernels have been associated with reduced crude protein(CP), lowering nutritional, functional and grade value. New technology has been developed using Near Infrared Transmittance(NIT) spectra that estimate CP of individual kernels of wheat, barley and durum. Our objective is to evaluate the technology's capability to reduce FDK and DON of downgraded wheat and ability to salvage high quality safe kernels. In five FDK downgraded sources of wheat,the lowest 20% CP kernels had significantly increased FDK and DON with the high CP fractions having decreased FDK and DON, thousand kernel weights(TKW) and bushel weight(Bu). strong positive correlations were observed between FDK and DON(r = 0.90); FDK and grade(r = 0.62) and DON and grade(r = 0.62). Negative correlations were observed between FDK and DON with CP(r =-0.27 and-0.32);TKW(r =-0.45 and-0.54) and Bu(r =-0.79 and-0.74). Results show improved quality and value of Fusarium downgraded grain using this technology.

关键词： Fusarium Deoxynivalenol Near infrared Crude protein Mycotoxin

Phosphinic Acid/Nal Mediated Reductive Cyclization Approach for Accessing the L-1-Deoxynojirimycin Using a Two-Component Three-Centered (2C3C) Ugi Type Reaction

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2021年第6期39卷 1503-1510页

作者： Chandra s Azad Pratibha shukla mark A Olson Anudeep K Narula Institute for Molecular Design and synthesis School of Pharmaceutical Science&TechnologyHealth Science PlatformTianjin University92 Weijin RoadNankai DistrictTianjin 300072China "Hygeia" Centre of Excellence in Pharmaceutical SciencesGuru Gobind Singh Indraprostho UniversitySector 16-CDwarkaNew Delhi 110078India Department of Chemistry Northwestern University2145 Sheridan RoodEvanstonIL 60208USA

A catalytic two-component three-centered(2C3C)Ugi-type reaction was developed for the synthesis of L-1-deoxynojirimycin(DNJ)isomers using a chiron *** new and quite mild catalytic system,comprised of phenylphosphinic ... 详细信息

关键词： Azasugars Multicomponent reactions Nitrilium ion Isocyanide Reductive cyclization

Recent introduction of an allodapine bee into Fiji： A new model system for understanding biological invasions by pollinators

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Insect science 2015年第4期22卷 532-540页

作者： scott V. C. Groom Marika V. Tuiwawa mark I. stevens Michael P. schwarz school of Biological sciences Flinders University of South Australia GPO Box 2100 SA 5001 Adelaide Australia south Pacific Regional Herbarium University of the South Pacific Suva Fiji south Australian Museum GPO Box 234 SA 5000 school of Pharmacy and Medical sciences University of South Australia Adelaide South Australia Australia

Morphology-based studies have suggested a very depauperate bee fauna for islands in the south West Pacific, and recent genetic studies since have indicated an even smaller endemic fauna with many bee species in this region resulting from human-aided dispersal. These introduced species have the potential to both disrupt native pollinator suites as well as augment crop pollination, but for most species the timings of introduction are unknown. We examined the distribution and nesting biology of the long-tongued bee Braunsapis puangensis that was first recorded from Fiji in 2007. This bee has now become widespread in Fiji and both its local abundance and geographical range are likely to increase dramatically. The impacts of this invasion are potentially enormous for agriculture and native ecosystems, but they also provide opportunities for understanding how social insect species adapt to new environments. We outline the major issues associated with this recent invasion and argue that a long-term monitoring study is needed.

关键词： Allodapini exotic species Fiji long distance dispersal pollinatorcompetition

Compressive and cyclic flexural response of double-hooked-end steel fiber reinforced concrete

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Frontiers of structural and Civil Engineering 2022年第9期16卷 1104-1126页

作者： Demewoz W.MENNA Aikaterini s.GENIKOMsOU mark F.GREEN Department of Civil Engineering Queen’s UniversityKingstonON K7L 3N6Canada

Recent developments on high-performance double-hooked-end steel fibers have enhanced the wide applications of steel fiber reinforced concrete(sFRC).This study presents the compressive properties and the cyclic flexural performance of the sFRC that were experimentally *** different double-hooked-end steel fibers at 0.25%,0.5%,0.75%,and 1%volume fractions were *** fiber types had similar length to diameter ratios,while the first two fiber types had similar anchorage mechanisms(4D)and tensile strength and the third type had different anchorage mechanism(5D)and a higher tensile *** increased volumetric ratio of the fibers increased the post-peak compressive strain(ductility),the tensile strength,and the cyclic flexural strength and cumulative energy dissipation characteristics of the *** the 4D fibers,the mixtures with the larger steel fibers showed higher flexural strength and more energy dissipation compared to the sFRCs with smaller size *** 1%steel fiber dosage,4D and 5D specimens showed similar cyclic flexural ***,a 3D finite element model that can predict the monotonic and cyclic flexural responses of the double-hooked-end sFRC was *** calibration process considered the results obtained from the inverse analysis to determine the tensile behavior of the sFRC.

关键词： steel fiber reinforced concrete fiber geometry cyclic loading energy dissipation finite element modeling inverse analysis

Bleeder entry evaluation using condition mapping and numerical modeling

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International Journal of Mining science and Technology 2021年第1期31卷 137-143页

作者： Ted M.Klemetti mark A.Van Dyke Gabriel s.Esterhuizen National Institute for Occupational safety and Health Pittsburgh Mining Research DivisionPittsburghPA 15236USA

One of the most common critical areas of longwall mining in terms of ground stability are the gateroad and bleeder *** critical entries provide much-needed safe access for miners and allow for adequate ventilation required for dilution of hazardous airborne contaminants and must remain open during mining of a multi-panel *** paper is focused on the stability of the longwall entries subjected to a single abutment load such as bleeders,first tailgate,and last *** tailgate and last headgate are also referred to as blind headgate and tailgate.A study of a longwall district through conditions mapping,support evaluations,and numerical modeling was conducted and evaluated by researchers from the National Institute for Occupational safety and Health(NIOsH).The condition mapping and support evaluations were performed on entries that spanned the previous five years of mining and relied on a diverse selection of supports to maintain the functionality of the *** modeling was also conducted to evaluate various support types with further investigation and comparison to the condition *** study demonstrated the importance of the abutment load decay versus distance from the gob edge,the potential for a reduction in material handling related injuries,as well as optimal usage of secondary and standing support.

关键词： stability assessment Bleeder entry Abutment loading Condition mapping Longwall Ground control

Progress Toward Implementing the sendai Framework, the Paris Agreement, and the sustainable Development Goals: Policy from Aotearoa New Zealand

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International Journal of Disaster Risk science 2020年第2期11卷 190-205页

作者： Wendy s.A.saunders scott Kelly suzanne Paisley Larissa B.Clarke GNs science Lower Hutt 5010New Zealand

In 2015, Aotearoa New Zealand became a signatory to the sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030(sendai Framework), the Paris Climate Change Agreement(Paris Agreement), and the sustainable Development Goals(sDGs). since 2017 Aotearoa New Zealand has been undergoing governance reform to realign priorities and to improve the management of natural hazards and climate change. The aim of this article is to provide a review of how Aotearoa New Zealand is taking steps to improve consistency of planning across the legislative environment, thereby implementing its commitments to the sendai Framework, the sDGs, and the Paris Agreement. It provides an overview of the national governance arrangements, with a focus on the key legislative tools;identifies how key terms are defined nationally;and provides an overview of the governance arrangements that contribute to the country’s international obligations. The discussion describes how obligations are applied, and considers two"disruptive and proactive" action examples. Four recommended actions are provided to further implement these international aspirations:(1) take into account these international agreements during the development and implementation of all legislation;(2) build awareness, capability,and capacity within central, regional, and local governments to support implementation;(3) actively evaluate the progress of implementing initiatives designed to reduce vulnerability and strengthen resilience;and(4) ensure that more weight and value are given to indigenous planning documents.

关键词： Disaster risk resilience Living standards framework Natural hazard vulnerability New Zealand sustainable development goals National wellbeing

Protecting miners from coal bursts during development above historic mine workings in Harlan County,KY

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International Journal of Mining science and Technology 2021年第1期31卷 111-116页

作者： Christopher mark Mine safety and Health Administration PittsburghPA 15236USA

In order to reach a large,untapped reserve of high-quality coal,D8 Cloverlick Mine proposed to mine a corridor nearly 600 m deep beneath the Benham spur of Black Mountain,Kentucky’s highest peak.D8 Cloverlick Mine was extracting the Owl seam,but the corridor’s route lay approximately 20 m above century-old mine workings in the C–(Darby)*** to the concern,three serious coal bursts had recently occurred in nearby Owl seam *** of the old workings seemed to indicate that the underlying C–seam had been fully ***,two of the coal bursts had occurred above areas where the C–seam was also shown as mined *** safety and Health Administration(MsHA)Technical support therefore investigated the records of past mining to better understand the old mine *** conditions observed in current Owl seam workings were also compared with the maps of the old C–seam *** study concluded that the presence of hazardous underlying remnants could not be ruled *** mitigate the burst risk,D8 Cloverlick Mine adopted a strategy of stress probe drilling.A self-propelled coal drill was used to auger 11.5-m-long,small diameter holes in advance of *** each hole was drilled,the cuttings were measured to detect the presence of highly stressed *** the crossing was successfully completed without incident.

关键词： Coal bursts Underground mining Room-and-pillar Destressing

An updated empirical model for ground control in *** coal mines

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International Journal of Mining science and Technology 2021年第2期31卷 163-174页

作者： Christopher mark Mine safety and Health Administration PittsburghPA 15217USA

Multiple seam interactions are a major source of ground instability in several *** methods are well suited for this problem,because while the mechanics multiple seam interactions are very complex and poorly understood,many mining case histories are available for *** study makes use of an updated database that includes 356 multiseam case histories,including 67 unsuccessful *** paper describes in detail the process used to design the study,collect the data,conduct the statistical analysis,and develop the quantitative *** model can be used for mine planning in multiple seam situations,and has been made available as a module within the Analysis of Coal Pillar stability(ACPs)computer program.

关键词： Underground Coal Multiseam Ground control Pillar design Empirical

Recurrent hepatitis C after liver transplant

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第31期20卷 10668-10681页

作者： Andrew s deLemos Paul A schmeltzer mark W Russo Department of Medicine Center for Liver Diseases and Transplantation Carolinas Medical Center

End stage liver disease from hepatitis C is the most common indication for liver transplantation in many parts of the world accounting for up to 40% of liver transplants. Antiviral therapy either before or after liver transplantation is challenging due to side effects and lower efficacy in patients with cirrhosis and liver transplant recipients, as well as from drug interactions with immunosuppressants. Factors that may affect recurrent hepatitis C include donor age, immunosuppression, IL28 B genotype, cytomegalovirus infection, and metabolic syndrome. Older donor age has persistently been shown to have the greatest impact on recurrent hepatitis C. After liver transplantation, distinguishing recurrent hepatitis C from acute cellular rejection may be difficult, although the development of molecular markers may help in making the correct diagnosis. The advent of interferon free regimens with direct acting antiviral agents that include Ns3/4A protease inhibitors, Ns5 B polymerase inhibitors and Ns5 A inhibitors holds great promise in improving outcomes for liver transplant candidates and recipients.

关键词： Hepatitis C Liver transplant Donor risk factors Immunosuppression Protease inhibitors Fibrosing cholestatic hepatitis C Acute cellular rejection Cytomegalovirus