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Termite Attack and Damage in Cocoa Plantations in Daloa Department, Central-Western Côte d’Ivoire

American Journal of Plant sciences 2024年第10期15卷 996-1009页

作者： Yao Martin siapo Ehui Joachim Ano Yao Kan séraphin Diby Annick Yamousso Tahiri Biology and Health Laboratory Flix Houphout-Boigny University Abidjan Cte dIvoire Animal Biological sciences Laboratory UFR of Science and Technology ALASSANE Ouattara University Bouak Cte dIvoire Natural Environment and Biodiversity Conservation Laboratory Flix Houphout-Boigny University Abidjan Cte dIvoire

Cocoa farming faces numerous constraints that affect production levels. Among these constraints are termites, one of the biggest scourges in tropical agriculture and agroforestry. The aim of this study is to assess the level of damage caused by termites in cocoa plantations. To this end, 3 plantations were selected. In each of the 3 plantations, 18 plots containing an average of 47 ± 6 cocoa plants were delimited. sampling was based on 25 cocoa plants per plot. The study consisted in sampling the termites observed on the plants and noting the type of damage caused by them, taking into account the density of the harvest veneers and, above all, the termites’ progress through the anatomical structures of the plant, i.e. the bark, sapwood and heartwood. A total of 8 termite species were collected from cocoa plants. These species are responsible for four types of damage (D1, D2, D3 and D4), grouped into minor damage (D1 and D2) and major damage (D3 and D4). D1 damage ranged from 24.67% ± 5.64% to 39.55% ± 7.43%. D2 damage ranged from 6.88% ± 1.31% to 9.33% ± 2.79%. D3 damage ranged from 2.88% ± 1.55% to 6.44% ± 1.55%. D4 damage ranged from 1.11% ± 1% to 3.11% ± 1.37%. Among the termite species collected, Microcerotermes sp, C. sjostedti, A. crucifer and P. militaris were the most formidable on cocoa trees in our study locality. In view of the extensive damage caused by termites, biological control measures should be considered, using insecticidal plants.

关键词： Termites Attacks Damage Cocoa Trees Côte d’Ivoire

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Vascular endothelial growth factor:a double-edged sword in the development of white matter lesions

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 191-192页

作者： Narek Manukjan Daniel Fulton Zubair Ahmed WMatthijs Blankesteijn sébastien Foulquier Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Maastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands CARIM-school for Cardiovascular Diseases Maastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands Neuroscience and Ophthalmology Institute of Inflammation and AgeingUniversity of BirminghamEdgbastonBirminghamUK Centre for Trauma sciences Research University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirminghamUK MHeNs-school for Mental Health and Neuroscience Maastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands Department of Neurology Maastricht University Medical CenterMaastrichtThe Netherlands

As the population ages,the burden of age-related diseases becomes ***,over 55 million people suffer from dementia worldwide,with Alzheimer’s disease being the most common ***,it is becoming clearer that underlying vascular pathology such as cerebral small vessel disease(csVD)may be a more detrimental cause for dementia(Cuadrado-Godia et al.,2018).It is estimated that 10%-30%of the elderly population and 35%-90%of all dementia patients exhibit signs of *** term csVD refers to pathology affecting the small vessels of the brain,which can lead to lacunar cerebral infarcts,enlarged perivascular spaces,and cortical hemorrhages(Cuadrado-Godia et al.,2018).CsVD is often associated with cognitive decline,gait problems,and dementia(Cuadrado-Godia et al.,2018).

关键词： pathology becoming white

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Implication of Ions and Organic solutes Accumulation in Amaranth (<i>Amaranthus cruentus</i>L.) salinity Resistance

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American Journal of Plant sciences 2019年第12期10卷 2335-2353页

作者： Agapit Wouyou Hermann Prodjinoto Ahissou séraphin Zanklan Brigitte Vanpee stanley Lutts Christophe Bernard Gandonou Unité de Recherche sur l’Adaptation des Plantes aux stress Abiotiques les Métabolites Secondaires et l’Amélioration des Productions Végétales Laboratoire de Physiologie Végétale et d’Etude des Stress Environnementaux Faculté des Sciences et Techniques (FAST/UAC) Tri Postal Cotonou Bénin Groupe de Recherche en Physiologie végétale Earth and Life Institute ELI-A Université Catholique de Louvain Louvain-La-Neuve Belgique

salinity is one of the major environmental constraints limiting agricultural productivity in the world. The effects of salt stress on growth, ions and organic solutes accumulation were investigated in two amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus) cultivars: Rouge (salt-resistant) and Locale (salt-sensitive). Young plants of these cultivars were exposed, in hydroponic system, to three concentrations of NaCl: 0, 30 and 90 mM. Growth parameters, ions, free proline and soluble sugars concentrations were determined after 2 weeks of stress. NaCl effect resulted in plant growth reduction in both cultivars but plants of cultivar Rouge were less affected compared to that of cv. Locale. Na+, proline and soluble sugars concentrations increased significantly in leaves and roots under salinity while K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ concentrations decreased in both cultivars. Proline and soluble sugars increased significantly in leaves and roots of cultivar Locale whereas in cultivar Rouge, proline increase was significant only in roots and soluble sugars increase was significant only in leaves. The highest increase of Na+ concentration occurred in leaves of cv. Rouge coupled with the lowest reduction in K+ concentration. The highest increase of proline occurred in leaves of cultivar Locale whereas the highest increase of soluble sugars was observed in leaves of cultivar Rouge. The reduction of the Ca2+ concentration under salt stress was more accentuated in both leaves and roots of cultivar Rouge than cultivar Locale while cv. Rouge maintained higher content in Mg2+ either in leaves or in roots in the presence of NaCl than cultivar Locale. These results suggest an implication of Na+, K+ and Mg2+ in salt resistance in these cultivars and that soluble sugars may play an important role in salt-resistance in Amaranthus cruentus. However, proline appears as a symptom of injury in stressed plants rather than an indicator of resistance.

关键词： Growth Ions Concentration Osmolytes Accumulation Amaranthus cruentus salt-Resistance Mechanism

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Combinatorial therapies for spinal cord injury repair

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1293-1308页

作者： Carla s.sousa Andreia Monteiro António J.salgado Nuno A.silva Life and Health sciences Research Institute(ICVs) School of MedicineUniversity of MinhoCampus de Gualtar-gualtarBragaPortugal ICVs/3B’s Associate Lab PT Government Associated LabCampus de Gualtar-gualtarBragaPortugal

spinal cord injuries have profound detrimental effects on individuals, regardless of whether they are caused by trauma or non-traumatic events. The compromised regeneration of the spinal cord is primarily attributed to damaged neurons, inhibitory molecules, dysfunctional immune response, and glial scarring. Unfortunately, currently, there are no effective treatments available that can fully repair the spinal cord and improve functional outcomes. Nevertheless, numerous pre-clinical approaches have been studied for spinal cord injury recovery, including using biomaterials, cells, drugs, or technological-based strategies. Combinatorial treatments, which target various aspects of spinal cord injury pathophysiology, have been extensively tested in the last decade. These approaches aim to synergistically enhance repair processes by addressing various obstacles faced during spinal cord regeneration. Thus, this review intends to provide scientists and clinicians with an overview of pre-clinical combinatorial approaches that have been developed toward the solution of spinal cord regeneration as well as update the current knowledge about spinal cord injury pathophysiology with an emphasis on the current clinical management.

关键词： electric stimulation neural tissue regeneration neuroprotection polytherapy spinal cord injury

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Causes of developmental delay in children of 5 to 72 months old at the child neurology unit of Yaounde Gynaeco-Obstetric and Paediatric Hospital (Cameroon)

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2013年第3期3卷 279-285页

作者： séraphin Nguefack Karen Kengne Kamga Boniface Moifo Andréas Chiabi Evelyn Mah Elie Mbonda Departement of Pediatric Neurology Yaounde Gynaeco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital Yaoundé Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical sciences University of Yaounde I Yaoundé Cameroon

Background: According to the World Health Organization, about 5% of children world-wide of 14-year-old and under have a moderate to severe developmental disability, and up to 15% of children under 5-year-old are developmentally delayed. Purpose: To determine the prevalence, socio-demographic profile, aetiologies, and the clinical presentation of developmental delay in children less than 6-year-old at the child neurology unit in a university-affiliated hospital in Yaounde. Materials and methods: It was a crosssectional descriptive study carried out in Yaounde Gynaeco-Obstetric and Paediatric Hospital (Cameroon) from August to December 2012. Children aged between 5 - 72 months with a developmental quotient less than 70 were enrolled. Developmental delay (DD) was diagnosed and classified using the Denver developmental screening test (DDsT). Data concerning the child (age, gender, severity of DD), the mother (age, age at conception, educational level, marital status), history of pregnancy and delivery, perinatal and postnatal events, results of para-clinical explorations (EEG, CT-scan, genetic tests), the severity of DD and the probable or demonstrate cause of DD were recorded on a standardized questionnaire. The chisquare test was used to compare variables. Results: During the study period, 2171 children aged 5 - 72 months consulted the paediatric department of the hospital, 296 were examined at the child neurology unit of which 153 had a developmental quotient less than 70, giving a hospital prevalence of 7.0% and a prevalence of 51.7% at the child neurology unit. The mean age was 26.6 ± 18.0 months and there were 56% males. The main reason for consulting was tonus disorder (43.8%) and the developmental area of parental concern was the motor domain (90.2%). Regarding the clinical presentation, 75.2% of our population were children with cerebral palsy. DD was severe, mild, moderate and profound respectively in 14.2%, 13.5%, 12.2%, and 11.1%. Gross DD represented 90.2%

关键词： Developmental Delay Risk Factors Aetiologies Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy Children Cameroon

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Exercise preconditioning alleviates ischemia-induced memory deficits by increasing circulating adiponectin

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1445-1454页

作者： Meifeng Zheng Borui Zhang sonata s Y Yau Kwok-Fai so Li Zhang Haining Ou Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Department of Rehabilitation Medicine The Fifth Clinical College of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of CNs Regeneration(Ministry of Education) Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Institute of CNS RegenerationJinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Department of Rehabilitation sciences The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina state Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive science Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Center for Exercise and Brain science School of PsychologyShanghai University of SportShanghaiChina Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation Institute University of Health and Rehabilitation SciencesQingdaoShandong ProvinceChina

Cerebral ischemia is a major health risk that requires preventive approaches in addition to drug *** exercise enhances neurogenesis and synaptogenesis,and has been widely used for functional rehabilitation after *** this study,we determined whether exercise training before disease onset can alleviate the severity of cerebral *** also examined the role of exercise-induced circulating factors in these *** mice were subjected to 14 days of treadmill exercise training before surgery for middle cerebral artery *** found that this exercise pre-conditioning strategy effectively attenuated brain infarct area,inhibited gliogenesis,protected synaptic proteins,and improved novel object and spatial memory *** analysis showed that circulating adiponectin plays a critical role in these preventive effects of *** activation of adiponectin receptors by Adipo Ron mimicked the effects of exercise,while inhibiting receptor activation abolished the exercise *** summary,our results suggest a crucial role of circulating adiponectin in the effects of exercise pre-conditioning in protecting against cerebral ischemia and supporting the health benefits of exercise.

关键词： adiponectin cerebral ischemia exercise pre-conditioning hippocampus memory function middle cerebral artery occlusion prefrontal cortex synaptic proteins treadmill exercise

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Risk factors of clinical birth asphyxia and subsequent newborn death following nuchal cord in a low-resource setting

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2013年第9期3卷 642-647页

作者： Pascal Foumane Gustave Nkomom Emile Telesphore Mboudou Julius Dohbit sama séraphin Nguefack Boniface Moifo Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (FMBS) The University of Yaoundé 1 Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Pediatrics Yaoundé Gyneco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Radiology Yaoundé Gyneco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital Yaoundé Cameroon

Introduction: Our aim was to identify the risk factors of clinical birth asphyxia and subsequent newborn death in the presence of nuchal cord in a sub-saharan Africa setting. Methodology: It was a six-months’ case-control study involving 117 parturients whose babies presented with a nuchal cord at delivery. The study was carried out at the Yaoundé Gyneco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital, Cameroon, from January 1st to June 30th 2013. Results: The risk factors of clinical birth asphyxia identified were: first delivery, absence of obstetrical ultrasound during pregnancy, nuchal cord with more than one loop, duration of second stage of labor more than 30 minutes during vaginal delivery. The risk factors for newborn death from clinical birth asphyxia in the presence of nuchal cord were: maternal age Conclusion: We recommend a systematic obstetrical ultrasound before labor, so as to detect the presence of a nuchal cord, its tightness and the number of loops. Also, cesarean section should be considered when a nuchal cord is associated with first delivery, tightness or multiple looping.

关键词： Risk Factors Nuchal Cord Adverse Outcome Birth Asphyxia Newborn Death Apgar score Cameroon

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Contribution of Agro-Hydrological Modeling in the Evaluation of Water Availability of an Ungauged Basin Reservoir in Côte d’Ivoire: Case of the Loka Reservoir in Bouaké

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Computational Water, Energy, and Environmental Engineering 2021年第3期10卷 117-130页

作者： Kouao Armand Anoh Kouakou séraphin Konan sampah Georges Eblin Ange Victorine Atcho Kouakou Lazare Kouassi Water and Environment science and Technology Laboratory Jean Lorougnon Guedé University Daloa C&ocirc te d’Ivoire

The city of Bouaké, the second biggest city of Côte d’Ivoire, experienced a water shortage in 2018 that lasted four months due to the drying up of the Loka reservoir, which supplies two-thirds of the city. The challenge of the Loka reservoir is that it is located in an ungauged basin where very few hydrological studies have been carried out, despite the recurrent problems of access to drinking water. In the purpose to better understand the phenomena that caused this temporary drying of the dam, the methodology implemented was based on agro-hydrological modeling with sWAT using a regionalization technique of a nearby watershed. The model performance was assessed using three statistical indices (the Nash-sutcliffe coefficient (Ns), the coefficient of determination (Rsup>2sup>) and the percentage of bias (PBIAS)) and the visual appreciation of hydrographs for monthly series. The statistical indices appear satisfactory with a NS and Rsup>2sup> ≥ 0.6 both for calibration and validation, and a PBIAS of -11.2 and -3.8 respectively for calibration and validation. The hydrological modeling of Loka basin has shown the impact of climate change already reported by some authors as well as anthropization. Thus, while the reservoir records a decrease in its water volume estimated at 384,604 msup>3sup> each year, the water demand undergoes an increase of 122,033 msup>3sup> per year.span>span>

关键词： Loka Basin Hydrological Modeling sWAT sUFI-2 Water Availability

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study of the Multidrug Resistance of Enterobacteria Isolated from Waters and Tilapia Fishes from Fish Farms in the sud-Comoé Region, Côte d’Ivoire

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Advances in Microbiology 2024年第11期14卷 567-577页

作者： Affou séraphin Wognin Aubin Cyrille Toulé Amoin Elise N’guessan Nangan Michel Koné Natalie Kouadio-Guessennd Department of Biochemistry-Genetics Peleforo Gon Coulibaly University Korhogo Cte dIvoire Microbiology Ecotoxicology and Radioecology Laboratory Ivorian Anti-Pollution Center (CIAPOL) Abidjan Cte dIvoire Oceanographic Research Center Abidjan Cte dIvoire Bacteriology and Virology Laboratory Pasteur Institute Abidjan Cte dIvoire

Microbial resistance to antibiotics is a global problem that threatens the lives of millions of people and affects several sectors, including aquaculture. The aim of the present study is to contribute to the monitoring of multi-resistant enterobacterial strains circulating in fish ponds in the sud-Comoé region of south-eastern Côte d’Ivoire, more specifically in the Aboisso and Tiapoum departments. To this end, 20 samples of Tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus) and 60 samples of farm water were collected from 5 fish farms in the sud-Comoé region. Microbiological analyses were based on the isolation and identification of enterobacteria on Mac Conkey + Ceftazidime medium. These analyses resulted in the isolation of 73 strains of enterobacteria, including 58 from fish and 15 from fish pond water samples. Antibiotic sensitivity tests carried out on enterobacteria isolated from water and fish samples showed high levels of resistance (100%) to the beta-lactam family (Amoxicilin + clavulanic acid, Ceftazidime). Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterobacter spp. showed resistance to Ciprofloxacins (100%) and (25%) respectively. The study also showed that strains of Enterobacteriaceae were resistant to all 3 families of antibiotics, notably Beta-lactams, Fluoro-quinolones and Aminosides. The presence of multi-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in fish and pond water samples represents a public health risk.

关键词： Multidrug Resistance Enterobacteriaceae Tilapia Fish Fishponds

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Predictive Factors for Abnormal Brain CT-scan in Childhood Epilepsy at Yaoundé(Cameroon)

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Open Journal of Medical Imaging 2014年第1期4卷 31-37页

作者： Boniface Moifo séraphin Nguefack Jean Roger Moulion Tapouh Evelyn Mah Elie Mbonda Joseph Gonsu Fotsin Department of Pediatrics and subspecialties Yaoundé Gynaeco-Obstetrical and Pediatric Hospital (YGOPH) Yaoundé Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical sciences The University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging Yaoundé Gynaeco-Obstetrical and Pediatric Hospital (YGOPH) Yaoundé Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical sciences The University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical sciences The University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon

Purpose: Despite irradiation, CT-scan remains an important diagnostic tool in epilepsy in poor countries where MRI is neither available nor affordable. But many causes of epilepsy are not accessible to CT-scan and this technique remains expensive for many poor families in countries with limited resources. The aim of this study was to determine clinical or electroencephalogram variables which could predict brain CT-scan abnormalities in childhood epilepsy. Methods: It was a cross-sectional study including 151 epileptic children who underwent head CT-scan from October 2011 to march 2012, in one university-affiliated hospital in Cameroon (YGOPH). The data collected were clinical, type of seizure, Electroencephalogram and head CT-scans results. Independent predictive factors for CT abnormalities were sought by logistic regression. A p value : Of the 151 children, 54.3% (82/151) were boys (sex ratio: 1.18 M/1F). The median age was 54 months [2 - 190 months];74.8% of children were more than 2 years old but at the onset of epilepsy they were 2 years old or less. Birth asphyxia, mental retardation and neurologic deficit were respectively associated in 62.4%, 54.3% and 51.7% of cases. Eighty-five had focal epilepsy (56.3%), 61.6% had abnormal head CT-scan, 68.9% had abnormal EEG, with no significant gender difference. The factors most significantly associated with abnormal head CT-scan were: child age ≤ 2 years, maternal hypertension/eclampsy, cerebral palsy, and child microcephaly, with 89% to 92% abnormal CT. The two independent predictors of abnormal CT were patients’ age ≤ 2 years and microcephaly. The two main CT-scan lesions were cerebral atrophy (28.5%) and brain infarct (16.6%). None of these abnormalities was correlated to any type of epilepsy. Conclusion: Almost two-thirds of head CT-scan performed in epileptic children are abnormal in our setting. Patients of 2 years old or less and those with microcephaly are very likely to have brain anomalies on CT-scan. The mo

关键词： Epilepsy Childhood Electroencephalogram CT-scan Predicting Factor Microcephaly Cameroon

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